airport construction management
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Airport Construction Management
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Airport
Airport: Airport means an area of land or water whichis used or intended to be used for the landing andtakeo of aircraft; an appurtenant area used orintended to be used for airport buildings or other
airport facilities or rights of way; and airport buildingsand facilities located in any of these areas, andincludes a heliport.
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Simple View of Proect !ife "ycle
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Proect
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Proect !ife "ycle of A#iation Proect
$ % & '
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Proect !ife "ycle of A#iation Proect
$. (he proect de)nition period: Appraisal and strategic decisionat this time set the scene for the proect success or failure. *fthe proect is badly de)ned, or if the strategy and riskassessment are wrong, the proect will probably fail.
%. (he proect ful)llment or e+ecution period: Success now
depends greatly on the proect manager and the maincontractor. "ontractors and subcontractors with )+edcontract will think their work successful if it is )nished ontime, within budget and to speci)cation.
&. (he bene)ts reali-ation period: ow the true success or failure
of the proect will be disco#ered according to the perception ofthe proect owner and the stakeholders. /ill all the e+pectedoperational and )nancial bene)ts are deli#ered0 1ow will thewider body of stakeholders regard the performance of theproect0 "an all the borrowed be repaid on time0
'. 2isposal: /ill the proect lea#e residues in the ground andpollute the en#ironment0 /ill decommissioning mean
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*mportant *ssues for 4oodA#iation Proect 5anagement
4ood proect de)nition and sound business case"hoosing and using the most appropriate proect strategy
"hoosing and using the most appropriate and pro#en technology
Strong support for the proect and its manager from highermanagement
A#ailability of su6cient funds and other resources7irm control of changes to the authori-ed proect
(echnical competence
A sound 8uality culture with ade8uate 8uality proceduresthroughout the organi-ation
A suitable proect organi-ation structureAppropriate regard for the health and safety of e#eryone
connected with the proect
4ood Proect communications, both internally and e+ternally
/ell moti#ated people
9uick and fair resolution of conict
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!ist of *denti)ed shortcomings (he proect scope is not clearly stated and understood
(he technical re8uirement are #ague (he technical e+pectations are too ambitious
stimates of the cost, the timescale or the e+pected bene)ts are too optimistic
<isk assessment is incomplete and awed
(he intended proect strategy is inappropriate
*nsu6cient regard is paid to forecasting cash ows and the timely pro#isions offunds
(he funds re8uired cannot be made a#ailable
(here are insu6cient resources in the organi-ation to carry out the proect
(he interests and concerns of all stakeholders are not taken into account
(oo little regard has been paid to the moti#ation and beha#ior of the people who
will e+ecute the proect (he proect manager is not su6ciently e+perienced or is generally incompetent
Appro#al to proceed with the proect is gi#en for political, personal or intuiti#ereasons without due consideration of the facts and forecasts in the businessplan
Senior management fail to support the proect manager.
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Airport !ayout 2esign
(he important factors to be considered during an airport layout.
umber and orientation of runways
umber of ta+iways
Si-e and shape of aprons
Area and shape of a#ailable land
(opography and site soil conditions3bstacles to air na#igation
<e8uired pro+imity of land uses within the airport boundary
Surrounding land uses
(iming and scale of phased de#elopment of the airport
5eteorology
Si-e and scale of airport facilities being planned
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Airport !ayout 2esign
Principal facilities to be considered in an airport plan includes:
<unways
(a+iways
Passenger terminals and aprons
"argo terminals and aprons
<escue and )re)ghting ser#icesAir tra6c control tower
Aircraft maintenance
!ongterm and shortterm parking
Access <oads
<ail and public transport access
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Airport !ayout 2esign
a#aids
!ighting
7light =itchens
7uel farm
4eneral A#iation terminal and apron
Sewage treatment and pumping stationslectrical substations
Security fences and control gates
1otels
*ndustrial uses
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Airport 5aster Planning2emand and (ra6c
PassengersAnnual passenger mo#ements o#er the last $> years5onthly passenger mo#ements o#er the last ? years1ourly passenger mo#ements for $> peak days during the last ?
years
AircraftAnnual mo#ements o#er the last $> years5onthly mo#ements o#er the last ? years1ourly mo#ements for $> peak days during the last ? yearsAirline and *"A3 estimates of regional passenger growth, both
domestic and international"urrent and future aircraft eet mi+ o#er the ne+t $? years1istoric patterns of military mo#ements and estimates of growth
of these mo#ements if the airport is shared facilityScheduled pattern of operating airlinesSocioeconomic data @growth rate in region of airport, population,
emplyement, income, tourism, etc.
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Airport 5aster Planningn#ironmental 2ata
!ocal planning regulations!ocal de#elopment plans, both detailed and structural,
indicating plans for metropolitan and regionalde#elopment
+isting land uses and status of the de#elopment in theairport surroundings
!ocal transportation plans
<elationship between local transportation plans andnational transportation plan and in#estment strategies at#arious go#ernmental le#els
!ocal and national noise regulations, both current andplanned
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Airport 5aster PlanningPhysical 2ata
5eteorological data B wind records, rainfall, snow, periods of low #isibility
(opographical details to appro+imately &> km around each airport withcontours to $> m at a scale of $:?>,>>>
5ore detailed topography to a limit of &? km outside airport boundary tocontour of appro+imately $ m at a scale of $:%>>>
As built plans of e+isting facilities with details of ownership
2etailed breakdown of s8uare footage of e+isting building space allotted to#arious functions
Architectural detail plans of any e+isting terminal @e.g. immigration, custom,departure lounge, checkin, baggage claim, administration etc
Structural details of construction of aprons, ta+iways, runway and maorbuildings.
"ondition and e+tent of e+isting drainage and sewerage"ondition and e+tent of e+isting lighting on runways, ta+iways, aprons and
approaches
"ondition, type and capability of e+isting na#igation and telecommunicationaids
2etails of e+isting ser#icesC)re)ghtingCapron ser#ices and so on
3ther physical data, including e+isting ora and fauna
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Airport 5aster Planning7inancial
<e#enueCe+pense account 2ebt structure "apital e+penditure AssetsC liabilities
Dreakdown of re#enues by source !egal limitation of debt structure and )nancing
"onstruction 2etail costs of unit of construction materials e.g. earth,
steel, concrete and masonry prices
7inish costs 8uipment costs
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Airport Site Selection3perational capacity: Airspace consideration, obstruction,
weather
"apacity Potential: +tent of a#ailable land, suitability forconstruction
4round Access: 2istance from demand for a#iation ser#ices,regional highway infrastructure, public transport mode,parking a#ailability
2e#elopment costs: (errain, land costs, nature of soil androck conditions
n#ironmental conse8uences: Aircraft noise, impact on oraand fauna, ground runo impacts, e+istence of endangered
species or cultural artifactsSocioeconomic factors: <elocation of families and business,
changes in employment patterns, re8uirement for newser#ices
Areawide Planning: *mpact on land use, transportation plans
at local and regional le#el
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Airport <eference "odeAirport
ReferenceCode
Runway
width (ft)
Allowable
Crosswind(knots)
Runway eld
length (m)
A* and D* E F? $>.? E $%>>
A** and D** F? $>> $&.> $%>> $?>>
A***, D*** and"* to 2*** $>> $?> $G.> $%>> $?>>
A*V to 2V* H $?> %>.> H $?>>Catego
ryAircraft
Approach Speed(knots)
A E I>
D I> $%>
" $%$ $'>
2 $'$ $G?
H $GG
Group ingspan(ft)
* Jp to 'K** 'I B FK
*** 'I B $$F
*V $$K B $F>
V $F$ B %$&
V* %$' %G%
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Airport Passenger (erminal (he passenger terminal is one of the most important elements of
the airport due to its essential role in pro#iding ser#ices to airtra#elers. (he passenger terminal must be designed to perform anumber of basic functions:
$. 7acilitate the transition of passengers between surface and airmodes of transportation
%. Pro#ide a controlled and orderly en#ironment for the processingand ow of passengers
&. "reate a secure and comfortable en#ironment for passengers to
gather and to wait, if necessary, prior to boarding the aircraft.
'. Accommodate and facilitate all of the necessary and oftencomple+ work processes with the operation and maintenance ofthe terminal facility.
$&<
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<unway 2esignation
Steps in <unway 2esignation"on#ert to degrees
Adust the magnetic #ariance
2i#ide the bearing by $>
<ound the nearest whole
number@if the answer is L>M use L&GM.
*f there are multiple runwaysdesignate <ight or !eft.
ote
<unway bearing is typicallyreported as bearing angle
<unway designation uses thea-imuth angle
%%!
%%!&$<
&$!
$&!
$&<
'<
'!
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<unway 2esignation
+: A proposed runway is determined to be ?'>&>M/ with a
magnetic #ariance of $'>'?M/. /hat should be the runwaydesignation0
Solution:
?'>&>M/ Dearing angle N &>?.?>> @A-imuth angle
$'>'?M/ magnetic #ariance N $'.F?>
(herefore, <unway Dearing N &>?.?>> $'.F?> N %I>.F?>
2i#ide the bearing by $> N %I.>F?
<ound of the nearest whole number N %I
(herefore, <unway 2esignation N $$C%I
S
/
@?'>&>M/
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<unway !ength
7actors most strongly inuence runway length
"haracteristics of the aircraft
!anding and take o gross weight of the aircraft
A#erage ma+imum air temperature at airport
le#ation of the airport
<unway gradient"ondition of the runway surface
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Air)eld Pa#ements (ype of Pa#ements
7le+ible Pa#ements<igid Pa#ements
.eed of Subgrade Stabili-ation
Poor drainage
Soft and #ery loose soil
.5ethods of subgrade stabili-ation
"hemical stabili-ation
5echanical stabili-ation
.7urther "lassi)cation of Pa#ements
1ea#y load Pa#ements B Aircraft weighing G>,>>>lb @poundsor more
!ight load Pa#ements B Aircraft weighing less than G>,>>> lb.
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Air)eld Pa#ement Performance
!oad Variables Aircraft gross load
/heel load umber and spacing of
wheels
(ire contact pressure
umber of application 2uration of load
application
2istribution of lateralplacement of loads
(ype of load @Static or2ynamic
n#ironmental VariablesPrecipitationAmbient (emperatureAircraft blast C heat7uel spillage
Structural #ariables umber, thickness and
type of pa#ementlayers
Strength C 9uality of
materials
Variables that inuence Air)eld Pa#ement Performance
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Pa#ement 5anagement System
3ne of the main goals of the pa#ement managementsystem is to select the type of repair that is most costeecti#e for the condition of the pa#ement
<ate of deterioration is a function of many factors Pa#ement (ype
Subgrade soil (ra6c 2rainage n#ironment
9uality of "onstruction
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Pa#ement 5anagement System
*n the )eld of Pa#ement, there are )#e general
maintenance C repair strategies <outine 5aintenance Pre#enti#e 5aintenance 2eferred 5aintenance
<ehabilitation
<econstruction
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(hank you