airports council international, 2020

Airports Council International (ACI) World O N E -S TO P S E C U R I T Y TO O L K I T1

TECHNICAL GUIDANCE DOCUMENT

ONE-STOP SECURITY TOOLKITAIRPORTS COUNCIL INTERNATIONAL, 2020


TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. What is One-Stop Security?

2. Benefits and Challenges

3. How Does it Work?

4. ICAO Framework

5. Recognition Process: Role of Airports, Role of States

6. Physical Layout Considerations

7. Templates

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One-Stop security is the concept where transfer passengers and/or hold baggage are not re-screened at transfer airports if they were adequately screened at the airport of origin.

WHAT IS ONE-STOP SECURITY?

Departure airport: initial

screeningAirport of

connection: ONE-STOP SECURITY,

no re-screening

Termination of the journey


BENEFITS FOR AIRPORTS• Cost savings or re-allocation of resources due to no

longer re-screening transfer passengers or baggage

• Improved passenger experience, quicker and hassle-free connections

• Competitive advantages for hubs, possible lower MCT

One-stop security can eliminate duplicative efforts and resources while promoting cooperation and recognition between States. Re-screening passengers and/or bags that have been properly screened once and then stayed in a sterile environment represents additional costs and time, while not necessarily adding security value.

CHALLENGES FOR AIRPORTS• Costs

• Infrastructure

• Liabilities

Setting up the right infrastructure and processes for one-stop security represent its own costs and efforts, so airports should carry out a cost/benefit analysis before recommending that their authorities enter into discussions with another state.

Costs

• Airports need to determine the volume of passengers and bags that would benefit from planned OSS arrangements i.e. the number of transferring passengers arriving from or departing to countries that would be part of the arrangement

• Significant infrastructure costs may be needed to enable OSS. Possible segregated transfer passenger flows through the airport should be identified, along with costs for infrastructure changes needed to support them, technology and staff.

• Airports should carry out a cost/benefit analysis before recommending that their authorities enter into discussions with another state

Infrastructure

• Passengers eligible for OSS must be segregated from unscreened passengers

• Segregation can be achieved by changing physical infrastructure to create arrival corridors for OSS passengers and all other passengers to maintain segregation. The segregation could use temporary corridors or permanent changes.

• Procedural segregation may be acceptable – the State needs to determine this in their arrangements – Eg. one stop security flights arrive at a certain time, and passengers never mix with others, coupled with searches of the arrivals area for items left behind.

Liabilities

• In States where transfer passengers are required to present a travel document to (formally) enter and depart, screened and unscreened need to be separated but also need to pass through customs and immigration

• Some passengers transferring to select States could require re-screening at transfer checkpoint or departure gate.


WHERE IS ONE-STOP SECURITY IN PLACE*?

HOW DOES ONE-STOP SECURITY WORK?Interested airports contact their authorities and suggest candidate airports in other countries for one-stop

The States concerned verify each other’s security procedures and programmes to determine whether they are equivalent to each other

States conclude a Recognition of Equivalence Agreement

States issue regulation that allows airports to exempt transfer passengers and/or hold baggage (one-stop security)

The whole process is auditable (incl. by ICAO) and must be documented

Canada

European Union

Korea

Japan

Singapore

Turkey

Panama

*Locations allowing transfer passengers and/or baggage from certain foreign points of origin to be exempted from re-screening. Based on 2019 information.


Does one-stop apply to transfer or transit passengers / bags?

Does one-stop security apply to passengers or hold baggage?

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Does one-stop apply to domestic or international flights?

Should one-stop be in place with one foreign airport or the whole country?

Are recognition agreements unilateral, bilateral or multilateral?

Transfer passengers.

One-stop security deals with transfer passengers and/or baggage: passengers using the airport to transfer from one flight to another. Most commonly known as connecting passengers.

One-stop security does not deal with transit passengers: passengers whose aircraft is stopping over and who will stay onboard the aircraft to another destination (a short disembarkation may be required in some cases).

Either or both (or more) can be in scope.One-stop security or transfer screening exemptions can be in place for:

• Transfer passengers• Transfer hold baggage• Other (transfer cargo, turnaround aircraft security searches, etc.)• All of the above

Mostly international.

States often exempt passengers and/or baggage arriving from domestic flights from transfer screening. Where security measures between airports in the same country vary significantly (for instance in the case of very small airports), states may require re-screening at the main gateway before an international flight.

The recognition process and one-stop security concept laid out in this toolkit covers extensive and documented steps to establish the equivalence of security measures. While one-stop security may be in place for domestic flights, this toolkit mostly deals with international one-stop security.

It depends.

States, with advice from their airports, should decide whether a one-stop security arrangement should exist with only one or a number of airports within the other state, or with all airports in that state.

This is for States for determine. Unilateral one-stop is possible provided the other state is involved in the discussions

Airport A Airport B

Unilateral recognition of equivalence

Stat

e X

Stat

e Y

State X recognizes State Y and not vice-versa


ICAO FRAMEWORKAnnex 17 – Transfer Passengers and Cabin Baggage (11th edition)

4.4.3 Each Contracting State shall ensure that transfer passengers of commercial air transport operations and their cabin baggage are screened prior to boarding an aircraft, unless it has established a validation process and continuously implements procedures, in collaboration with the other Contracting State where appropriate, to ensure that such passengers and their cabin baggage have been screened to an appropriate level at the point of origin and subsequently protected from unauthorized interference from the point of screening at the originating airport to the departing aircraft at the transfer airport.

Annex 17 – Transfer Hold Baggage (11th edition)

4.5.4 Each Contracting State shall ensure that transfer hold baggage is screened prior to being loaded onto an aircraft engaged in commercial air transport operations, unless it has established a validation process and continuously implements procedures, in collaboration with the other Contracting State where appropriate, to ensure that such hold baggage has been screened at the point of origin and subsequently protected from unauthorized interference from the originating airport to the departing aircraft at the transfer airport.

Annex 17 – Mixing (11th edition)

4.4.4 Each Contracting State shall ensure that passengers and their cabin baggage which have been screened are protected from unauthorized interference from the point of screening until they board their aircraft. If mixing or contact does take place, the passengers concerned and their cabin baggage shall be re-screened before boarding an aircraft.

Document 8973 – Security Manual (11th edition)

Chapter 11.10Recognition of Equivalence of Security Measures – One-stop Security

Appendix 28Model Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for the Mutual Recognition of Aviation Security Measures


RECOGNITION PROCESS – ROLE OF AIRPORTS• Suggest priority airports / states to national authorities

as starting points for a Recognition Agreement

• Conduct various assessments – risk, vulnerability, and feasibility – to determine if the airport could support one-stop security

• Determine the needs for physical infrastructure changes to support OSS (e.g. mixing of passengers) and develop plans both short term and long term to support such changes

RECOGNITION PROCESS – ROLE OF STATES


PHYSICAL LAYOUTS FOR AIRPORTS IMPLEMENTING OSS: SEGREGATION OF FLOWS

PHYSICAL LAYOUTS FOR AIRPORTS IMPLEMENTING OSSSingle Floor LayoutA single floor terminal that has a pier capable of servicing two traffic sectors will have four (4) corridors running in parallel (horizontal segregation as shown below).


Two Floor (or more) LayoutA two floor terminal will have only two parallel corridors for two different zones while arrivals will be handled at the lower level (horizontal and vertical segregation).

Examples of segregated corridors inside terminal to maintain sterility

Other Solutions

TEMPLATE MATRIX COMPARING SECURITY MEASURES BETWEEN AIRPORTS

Areas Airport A Airport B Overall assessment

Airport security Summary of procedures in place

Summary of procedures in place HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW compatibility of procedures in place (with rationale)

Aircraft security Summary of procedures in place


Passenger and cabin baggage screening

Summary of procedures in place


Hold baggage Summary of procedures in place


Catering Summary of procedures in place


Cleaning Summary of procedures in place


Staff recruitment, training and insider threat

Summary of procedures in place


CONCLUSION HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW compatibility of procedures in place, based on the overall security outcomes (with rationale). Recommendation (or not) to proceed with recognition of equivalence.


TEMPLATE LETTER FOR AIRPORTS TO THEIR AUTHORITIESDear xx,ICAO Annex 17 allows transfer passengers and hold baggage to be exempted from screening provided they have been adequately screened at the point of origin. This exemption, known as “one-stop security”, depends on two or more states having compared their security measures and reached a “recognition of equivalence” arrangement or agreement.

[Name of author’s airport] sees much potential in the implementation of one-stop security. By removing unnecessary duplication of security controls, one-stop security can help address traffic growth, enhance passenger and airline satisfaction, streamline operations, save precious resources and allow their re-allocation to more critical risk areas.

I am writing to respectfully suggest that your authorities open discussions with [State X] towards a recognition of equivalence arrangement.

[Name of author’s airport] has had the opportunity to carry out an initial review and comparison of our security measures with [name of foreign airport]. Our assessment and conclusions are attached to this letter. Our recommendation is that [name of foreign airport] has documented and implements security procedures which are equivalent to those in place at our airport.

We understand that the next formal in the step in the process depends on your authority being satisfied, following an exchange of documents and on-site verification, that the applicable national and local security measures are in line with our initial assessment. Should this not be the case, we remain at your disposal to identify possible future candidates for one-stop security.

Attachment: Matrix comparing security measures between Airport X and Airport Y (airports’ initial assessment)

[email protected]

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