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MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Study the list below.

• Series of military campaigns• Occurred from the 11th through 13th centuries• Sanctioned by the pope

This list MOST directly applies to which of the following?

STO: 1.1 TOP: Pre-Colonial Era

2. Which of the following was a major cause of the Crusades?


3. The astrolabe, the magnetic compass, and improved mapmaking techniques were all utilized during the Renaissance. These technologies led to

Pre-Colonial Era

4. Humanism, a philosophy that guided many Renaissance developments, argued that humans


5. Study the diagram below. (think TMNT)

Which of the following BEST completes the diagram?


6. Which of the following church practices was one of the primary causes of the Protestant Reformation?


7.Which person was a major leader of the Protestant Reformation?


8. Christopher Columbus’s expeditions resulted in the widespread transfer of agricultural goods, animals and diseases between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. This phenomenon is known as

STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonization of the Americas

9. The Columbian Exchange resulted in the destabilization of Native American populations, in large part due to the introduction and spread of

STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonization of the Americas

10. Spanish soldiers and explorers who led expeditions to the Americas between the 15th and 17th centuries were known asa. ambassadors. c. conquistadors.b. missionaries. d. pirates.

ANS: C STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonization of the AmericasKEY: Conquistadors

11. In 1513, Spanish explorer Ponce de Leon landed on the coast of modern-day Florida. Pedro Menendez de Aviles led the settlement of this site in 1565, and the colony became known asa. St. Augustine. c. Jamestown.b. Providence. d. Plymouth Rock.

ANS: A STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonization of the AmericasKEY: St. Augustine

12. In 1607, the colony of Jamestown was founded by a group of settlers froma. England. c. Spain.b. France. d. The Netherlands.

ANS: A STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonization of the AmericasKEY: Jamestown

13. Which colony is being described?Served as a military outpost for conquistadors and home base for missionaries.a. St. Augustine b. Jamestown

ANS: A STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: St. Augustine, Jamestown, Colony

14. Which colony is being described?Began as a colony of 104 settlers sponsored by a business in London.a. St. Augustine b. Jamestown

ANS: B STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: Jamestown, St. Augustine, Colony

15. Which colony is being described?Tobacco crop made the colony prosper.a. St. Augustine b. Jamestown

ANS: B STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonization of the AmericasKEY: Jamestown, St. Augustine, Colony

16. The Jamestown colonists endured harsh winters, a lack of fresh water, attacks from Algonquian Indians and diseases. Which of the following leaders is credited with guiding the colonists through these hardships?a. King James I c. King George Ib. Captain John Smith d. John Rolfe

ANS: B STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonization of the AmericasKEY: Jamestown

17. Which of the following was the first elected legislative body in the American colonies?a. the Constitutional Convention c. the Virginia House of Burgessesb. the House of Representatives d. the Continental Congress

ANS: C STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: House of Burgesses

18. The French and Indian War was a conflict betweena. the Spanish and the British. c. the Algonquians and the Cherokees.b. the French and Native Americans. d. the French and the British.

ANS: D STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: French and Indian War

19. To recuperate expenses from the French and Indian War, the British governmenta. negotiated more favorable trade agreements with Spain.b. forced France to pay reparations.c. increased global exports of tea and sugar.d. taxed the American colonists.

ANS: D STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: Taxation

20. After the French and Indian War, _____________ controlled most of the territory in North America.a. Great Britain c. Spainb. France d. Canada.

ANS: A STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: French and Indian War

21. Study the diagram below.

Which of the following BEST completes the diagram?a. Quartering Act of 1765 c. Boston Port Act of 1774b. Tea Act of 1773 d. The Declaratory Act of 1766

ANS: B STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: Taxation

22. In 1765, a group of Boston shopkeepers and artisans came together to undermine the Stamp Act. This group burned effigies of British tax collectors and ransacked their homes. They also used newspapers to affect public opinion. By the end of that year, members of this group existed in every colony. This group was known as thea. Sons of Liberty. c. Revolutionary Revelers.b. Brotherhood of Patriots. d. Albany Convention.

ANS: A STO: 3.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: Sons of Liberty

23. As a result of growing tension between colonists and British officers, Great Britain began to intensify its military presence in Boston. The colonists’ resentment of these soldiers grew, and culminated in a deadly conflict known as thea. Gaspee Affair. c. Boston Massacre.b. Boston Tea Party. d. Revolutionary Riots.

ANS: C STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: Boston Massacre

24. The Boston Massacrea. subdued the colonists’ rebellious tendencies.b. fueled anti-British sentiment in the colonies.c. ensured prompt payment of taxes.d. silenced key activists in the independence movement.

ANS: B STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: Boston Massacre

25. In 1773, colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians boarded boats from the East India Company and threw more than 300 chests of tea into Boston Harbor. This event became known as the Boston Tea Party, and was a protest againsta. Parliament’s presumed right to tax the colonists.

b. the skyrocketing price of tea.c. the East India Company’s trade policies.d. a decline in the quality and quantity of tea imported.

ANS: A STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: Boston Tea Party


- Quartering Act- Quebec Act- Massachusetts Government Act- Boston Port Act- Administration of Justice Act

Parliament passed these laws in 1774 as a response to the Boston Tea Party. To the colonists, they were known as thea. Declaratory Acts. c. Boston Acts.b. Parliamentary Acts. d. Intolerable Acts.

ANS: D STO: 1.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: Taxation

27. Which of the following places was the site of the first major battle of the Revolutionary War?a. Bunker Hill c. Trentonb. Saratoga d. Long Island

ANS: A STO: 3.1 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Battle of Bunker Hill

28. Which of the following was a major effect of the Magna Carta?a. Wealthy nobles were forced to split up their lands.b. The power of the monarchy was limited.c. The Anglican church was created.d. England won the Spanish Armada.

ANS: B STO: 2.1 TOP: Pre-Colonial EraKEY: Magna Carta

29. The Enlightenment placed an emphasis on the individual. Which of the following ideas in the U.S. government is a direct result of Enlightenment thinking?a. The rich should help the poor; the welfare program was created.b. A governing body should have control over the people; Congress is appointed by

the president.c. People who like other forms of government should be accused of treason.d. Each person has a right to judge the government for him or herself; these opinions

are expressed by voting.

ANS: D STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Enlightenment

30. The Great Awakening

a. argued that government’s focus should be on protecting individual rights.b. sought to reinvigorate religious feeling in the colonies.c. sought to weaken the influence of religion in the colonies.d. was a similar movement to Transcendentalism.

ANS: B STO: 2.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: Great Awakening

31. Study the passage below.

Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God“That world of misery, that lake of burning brimstone, is extended abroad under you. There is the dreadful pit of the glowing flames of the wrath of God; there is hell’s wide gaping mouth open; and you have nothing to stand upon, nor anything to take hold of, there is nothing between you and hell but the air; it is only the power and the mere pleasure of God that holds you up.” -Jonathan Edwards, July 8, 1741, delivered to his congregation in Enfield, Connecticut

This sermon illustratesa. the Great Awakening. c. Transcendentalism.b. the Enlightenment. d. humanism.

ANS: A STO: 2.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: Great Awakening

32. Which of the following ideas, advanced by British philosopher John Locke in the 17th century, MOST influenced the formation of the U.S. government?a. A government’s authority comes from the people it governs.b. Senses and experience build knowledge; it is not innate.c. Only churches that teach toleration should be allowed in society.d. When a society dissolves, the government of that society cannot remain.

ANS: A STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Locke

33. Montesquieu, a French scholar who lived during the Enlightenment, wrote about separation of powers in government. Montesquieu’s idea influenced the development of the U.S. government, resulting ina. shared power between a national army and state militias.b. three branches of government (legislative, executive, judicial).c. clearly defined scopes of power for the president and the vice president.d. the creation of the House of Representatives and the Senate.

ANS: B STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Montesquieu

34. “Man is born free but everywhere he is in chains.” Rousseau, The Social Contract, 1762

Rousseau MOST likely means thata. the practice of slavery is a violation of human rights and should be prohibited.

b. humans have natural liberties but should abandon them in order to fully devote themselves to their religion.

c. humans have natural rights and should do whatever they please, without regard to other people in a society.

d. humans have natural rights, but these liberties are often limited by governments and other social institutions.

ANS: D STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Rousseau

35. According to social contract theory, government receives its authority froma. God. c. the people it governs.b. the aristocracy. d. Congress.

ANS: C STO: 2.2 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Social Contract Theory

36. The First Continental Congress met in 1774 and organizeda. a military campaign against Britain.b. violent protests throughout the colonies.c. a delegation of colonists to speak before Parliament.d. a boycott of British goods.

ANS: D STO: 2.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: First Continental Congress

37. This governing body created the Continental Army and appointed George Washington as its leader. It reopened American ports closed by the Navigation Acts. On July 4, 1776, it approved the Declaration of Independence. This governing body was thea. United States Senate. c. First Continental Congress.b. Second Continental Congress. d. House of Burgesses.

ANS: B STO: 3.1 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Second Continental Congress

38. "We . . . solemnly publish and declare that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states, that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved."

Which document is quoted above?a. the Constitution c. the Articles of Confederationb. the Declaration of Independence d. the Bill of Rights

ANS: B STO: 2.2 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Declaration of Independence

39. What does the phrase "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" represent?a. the first four amendments in the Bill of Rightsb. religious ideas that have been included in the U.S. governmentc. the Fifth Amendment guaranteesd. natural, inalienable rights of citizens

ANS: D STO: 2.2 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Declaration of Independence

40. According to the Declaration of Independence, what should citizens do if their government does not protect their rights?a. Leave the country and start a new nation.b. Be quiet; there is really nothing a citizen can do.c. Ignore it; soon the government will change.d. Change or abolish the current government.

ANS: D STO: 2.2 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Declaration of Independence

41. According to the Declaration of Independence, how does government derive its power?a. from the consent of the people c. from the Kingb. from the branches of military service d. from tradition

ANS: A STO: 2.2 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Declaration of Independence

42. Study the list below. • Only state governments collect taxes• No federal executive branch• No federal judicial branch

This list represents some major features of the Articles of Confederation. Based on these items, it can be inferred that the Articles led toa. weak state governments. c. a strong national government.b. a weak national government. d. the abolition of all government.

ANS: B STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Articles of Confederation

43. The Articles of Confederation gave Congress the power to call on states for troops and funding. However, the states often did not comply becausea. they were opposed to the Articles of Confederation.b. Congress did not have the power to enforce its own requests.c. they opposed the Revolutionary War.d. they did not have enough troops or money to give.

ANS: B STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Articles of Confederation

44. At the Constitutional Convention, delegates discussed how states should be represented in the federal government. This led to a debate over whethera. the Constitution should apply to all states.b. women should have the right to vote.c. the government should be obligated to subsidize crops.d. slaves should be included in population counts.

ANS: D STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. Government

KEY: Constitutional Convention

45. The idea that no branch of government should be more powerful than another branch, and that each branch should have the power to override another branch is known asa. veto power. c. checks and balances.b. process of appeals. d. executive branch.

ANS: C STO: 2.2 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Checks and Balances

46. "We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.”

These lines are known as thea. Preamble. c. Elastic Clause.b. 1st Amendment. d. 14th Amendment.

ANS: A STO: 2.2 TOP: Constitution KEY: Preamble

47. The 1st Amendment calls for freedom of speech and religion. This idea originated in what 18th

century movement?a. the Enlightenment c. the Great Awakeningb. the Deism Movement d. Shakespeare's political plays

ANS: A STO: 2.2 TOP: Constitution KEY: 1st Amendment


Which of the following BEST completes the diagram?a. right to public education c. freedom from taxesb. right to violent protest d. freedom of the press

ANS: D STO: 2.2 TOP: Constitution KEY: Bill of Rights

49. Amendments one through ten of the U.S. Constitution are known asa. the Declaration of Independence. c. the List of Grievances.b. the Bill of Rights. d. the Constitutional Provisions.

ANS: B STO: 2.2 TOP: Constitution KEY: Bill of Rights

50. Voltaire stated, "I do not agree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it." In this quotation, Voltaire implies thata. freedom of speech is of critical importance.b. he would not listen to opinions that were not similar to his own.c. you would be killed if you did not keep your opinions to yourself.d. the power and opinions of the monarch are absolute.

ANS: A STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Voltaire

51. The elastic clause of the Constitutiona. dictates a particular interpretation of the Constitution.b. states the maximum number of amendments that can be made to the Constitution.c. states that congress has the power to make laws that are necessary and proper.d. lays out the procedure for changing the Constitution.

ANS: C STO: 2.2 TOP: Constitution KEY: Elastic Clause

52. The Federalist Papers, written by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison, argued fora. strong state governments and the preservation of the Articles of Confederation.b. a strong federal government and the ratification of the Constitution.c. a weak federal government and the ratification of the Constitution.d. a strong federal government and the preservation of the Articles of Confederation.

ANS: B STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Federalist Papers


Regulate conflicts between states Strong defense against foreign forces Power to collect taxes

The list above contains arguments fora. strong state governments. c. a bill of rights.b. checks and balances. d. a strong federal government.

ANS: D STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: State v. Federal Power

54. Supporters of the Constitution were called Federalists, whereas people opposed to the Constitution were known asa. Stateists. c. Anti-Federalists.b. Anti-Constitutionalists. d. Tories.

ANS: C STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Federalists v. Anti-federalists

55. When writing the Constitution, delegates created a bicameral legislature that fit the needs of both large and small states. The Senate would include two representatives from each state, whereas the House of Representatives would includea. representatives based on each state’s population.b. four representatives from each state.c. one representative for every 200 male property owners.d. one representative from each state.

ANS: A STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Representation in Congress

56. I served as the first Secretary of the Treasury in the United States from 1789-1795. I was the driving force behind the First Bank of the United States, which was established in 1791 in Philadelphia (despite vigorous objections from Thomas Jefferson). I was fatally shot in a duel with Vice President Aaron Burr. My legacy includes establishing the broad power of the federal government in a time when its scope was still unclear. Who am I?a. Alexander Hamilton c. James Monroeb. Samuel Adams d. John Adams

ANS: A STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Alexander Hamilton

57. Study the lists below.Alexander Hamilton Thomas JeffersonAdvocated national bank Opposed national bankFederal government pays all war debt States each pay their own war debtsHelped form the Federalist Party Helped form the Democratic Republican

Party

What was the primary political disagreement between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson?a. whether or not the U.S. should be required to repay war debtsb. whether or not there should be opposing political partiesc. the extent of the federal government’s powerd. what to include in the Bill of Rights

ANS: C STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Jefferson v. Hamilton


George Washington’s Farewell Address, 1796“It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world, so far, I mean, as we are now at liberty to do it; for let me not be understood as capable of patronizing infidelity to existing engagements. I hold the maxim no less applicable to public than to private affairs that honesty is always the best policy. I repeat it, therefore: let those engagements be observed in their genuine sense. But, in my opinion, it is unnecessary and would be unwise to extend them.”

In this passage regarding foreign alliances, George Washington argues that the United States should

a. attempt to make favorable alliances with as many nations as possible.b. immediately cut all ties to foreign nations and refuse to make any ties in the future.c. strengthen alliances with European nations only.d. faithfully carry out existing agreements with other nations, but not make any new

ones.

ANS: D STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Washington’s Farewell Address

59. The first session of the Supreme Court was called to order in February of 1790. The presiding Chief Justice wasa. Thomas Jefferson. c. James Madison.b. John Jay. d. John Marshall.

ANS: B STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: John Jay

60. The power of a court to overturn a law or government act that it deems unconstitutional is known asa. judicial review. c. separation of powers.b. common law. d. fundamental justice.

ANS: A STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Judicial Review

61. In 1803, a landmark Supreme Court case established the Court’s right to overturn a law that it deemed unconstitutional. This case wasa. Dred Scott v. Sanford. c. Marbury v. Madison.b. Brown v. Board of Education. d. Roe v. Wade.

ANS: C STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: Marbury v. Madison

62. In 1801, John Adams appointed me to be the fourth Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. I presided over Marbury v. Madison, and in my decision I wrote, “a legislative act contrary to the Constitution is not law.” Before my term as Chief Justice, the judiciary was the weakest branch of the federal government. With my decision in Marbury v. Madison, however, I established the power and influence of the courts. Who am I?a. John Jay c. John Marshallb. William Marbury d. James Madison

ANS: C STO: 2.1 TOP: Formation of the U.S. GovernmentKEY: John Marshall

63. “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.” (1865)

This is known as thea. 1st Amendment. c. 13th Amendment.b. 2nd Amendment. d. 19th Amendment.

ANS: C STO: 2.2 TOP: Constitution KEY: 13th Amendment

64. The Constitutional Amendment that guarantees all United States citizens “equal protection under the law” is thea. 1st Amendment. c. 15th Amendment.b. 14th Amendment. d. 19th Amendment.

ANS: B STO: 2.2 TOP: Constitution KEY: 14th Amendment

65. The 15th Amendment guarantees the right of United States citizens to vote regardless ofa. race, color, or previous condition of servitude.b. sex, gender, or current marital status.c. land ownership.d. religion.

ANS: A STO: 2.2 TOP: Constitution KEY: 15th Amendment

66. Which Constitutional Amendment granted all women the right to vote?a. 13th c. 15th

b. 14th d. 19th

ANS: D STO: 2.2 TOP: Constitution KEY: 19th Amendment

67. After the passage of the 13th Amendment in 1865, some state and local governments passed laws to restrict the freedom of newly-freed slaves. These laws were intended to counteract the 13th Amendment, and are known asa. Post Slavery Legislation. c. Segregation Acts.b. Black Codes. d. Radical Reconstruction.

ANS: B STO: 2.2 TOP: Constitution KEY: Black Codes

68. Which of the following is now considered to be in violation of the 14th Amendment?a. the Abolitionist Movement c. Jim Crow Lawsb. the Civil Rights Act of 1866 d. the Reconstruction Act

ANS: C STO: 2.2 TOP: Constitution KEY: Jim Crow Laws


- It shall be unlawful for a Negro and white person to play together or in company with each other at any game of pool or billiards.

- Every employer of white or Negro males shall provide for such white or Negro males reasonably accessible and separate toilet facilities.

- No person or corporation shall require any white female nurse to nurse in wards or rooms in hospitals, either public or private, in which Negro men are placed.

These laws, passed in Alabama around the end of the 19th century, are now considered to be violations of the U.S. Constitution. They are all examples ofa. Reconstruction. c. civil rights laws.b. Jim Crow Laws. d. the 14th Amendment.

ANS: B STO: 2.2 TOP: Constitution KEY: Jim Crow Laws


“Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty or give me death!” Patrick Henry, speaking to the Virginia House of Burgesses in Richmond, Virginia (1775).

Patrick Henry’s speech resulted ina. Washington’s election as the first president.b. the Virginia militia’s entrance into the Revolutionary War.c. the legislature’s refusal to send troops to the war.d. Patrick Henry’s execution.

ANS: B STO: 3.1 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Patrick Henry

71. Samuel Adams was a leader ofa. the Continental Army. c. the British Army.b. the Virginia House of Burgesses. d. the Boston Tea Party.

ANS: D STO: 3.1 TOP: Colonial AmericaKEY: Samuel Adams

72. Paul Revere took a “Midnight Ride” to Lexington and Concord in order toa. confuse and distract British troops.b. warn militias of approaching British troops.c. lead the Continental Army into battle.d. spy on British troops.

ANS: B STO: 3.1 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Paul Revere

73. The Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army wasa. George Washington. c. John Adams.b. James Madison. d. Thomas Jefferson.

ANS: A STO: 3.1 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: George Washington

74. The final battle of the American Revolution was the Battle ofa. Brandywine. c. Yorktown.b. Trenton. d. Saratoga.

ANS: C STO: 3.1 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Yorktown

75. The Continental Army endured harsh conditions and illness during the winter of 1777-78 during its encampment ata. Mount Vernon. c. Saratoga.b. Valley Forge. d. Williamsburg.

ANS: B STO: 3.1 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Valley Forge

76. The Battle of Saratoga was a major turning point in the American Revolution and was a resounding victory fora. the Americans. c. the French.b. the British. d. the Loyalists.

ANS: A STO: 3.1 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Saratoga

77. The Treaty of Paris (1783)a. formally ended the Revolutionary War.b. declared a truce in the Battle of Trenton.c. granted France additional lands in the American West.d. officially named George Washington as the leader of the Continental Army.

ANS: A STO: 3.1 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Treaty of Paris

78. Great Britain formally recognized America’s independence for the first time ina. the Federalist Papers. c. the Treaty of Paris.b. the Treaty of Versailles. d. the Declaration of Independence.

ANS: C STO: 3.1 TOP: American RevolutionKEY: Treaty of Paris

79. The War of 1812 was a conflict betweena. France and Great Britain. c. the United States and Spain.b. the United States and France. d. the United States and Great Britain.

ANS: D STO: 3.1 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: War of 1812

80. The American Revolution resulted in a lasting ill will between America and Great Britain. Great Britain interfered with U.S. trade and forced American sailors to serve on British ships. Great Britain also supported violent acts by Native Americans. These issues were all cited as causes for thea. French and Indian War. c. Battle of Saratoga.b. War of 1812. d. Compromise of 1820.

ANS: B STO: 3.1 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: War of 1812

81. In 1814, Andrew Jackson’s forces defeated Creek warriors in a battle that took place on the Tallapoosa River in Alabama. This conflict was known as the Battle ofa. Jackson. c. Tallushatchee.b. Horseshoe Bend. d. Calabee Creek.

ANS: B STO: 3.3 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Horshoe Bend

82. James Madison, in an address to Congress, said the continued impressment of American sailors into service on British ships was cause for war. In this context, impressment MOST closely means

a. kidnapping. c. employing.b. creating a favorable opinion. d. begging.

ANS: A STO: 3.1 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Impressment

83. At the conclusion of the War of 1812, Americans felt proud to have survived military engagement with one of the best armies in the world. This lead to increased morale and a rise ina. nationalism. c. immigration.b. globalism. d. international tensions.

ANS: A STO: 3.3 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: War of 1812

84. The Land Ordinance of 1785 allowed for the sale of lands in the Northwest Territory and regulateda. the types of commerce permitted in territories.b. settler interactions with Native Americans.c. the division of land into townships.d. slavery in the new territories.

ANS: C STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Land Ordinance (1785)


Which of the following BEST completes the diagram?a. The writ of habeas corpus will not be extended to residents of the new states.b. Schools and education should be encouraged in the territories.c. Current states may expand into the new territory if they wish.d. The territory will have no official government until it is admitted as a state.

ANS: B STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Northwest Ordinance

86. President Thomas Jefferson acquired nearly 530,000,000 acres of land from France in 1803. Jefferson’s primary objective was to gain control over the city of New Orleans. New Orleans’ prime location on the Mississippi River allowed for the efficient shipping of goods and encouraged commerce. In addition to New Orleans, the acquired land spanned all or part of 15 present-day states. Jefferson soon dispatched Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore the new territory.

This passage is MOST related to which of the following agreements?a. the Missouri Compromise c. the Louisiana Purchaseb. the Gadsden Purchase d. the Bargain of New Orleans

ANS: C STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Louisiana Purchase


• Drew maps of the American West, including rivers and mountain ranges• Wrote in diaries to document expeditions• Discovered hundreds of new species of plants and animals• Aided in navigation and negotiation by Sacagawea, a Shoshone Indian woman

This list BEST describes the activities ofa. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark.b. Daniel Boone and Kit Carson.c. Frank and Jesse James.d. Captain John Smith and Wilson Price Hunt.

ANS: A STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Lewis and Clark

88. The Monroe Doctrinea. laid out President James Monroe’s domestic agenda.b. created strict guidelines for Native American relocation.c. provided incentives for westward expansion.d. warned European nations not to interfere with the Americas.

ANS: D STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Monroe Doctrine

89. Alabama was officially admitted as the 22nd state to the Union ina. 1816. c. 1861.b. 1819. d. 1901.

ANS: B STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Alabama Statehood

90. The Missouri Compromise of 1820-21 was the result of a debate betweena. federalists and anti-federalists. c. Democrats and Republicans.b. expansionists and anti-expansionists. d. pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups.

ANS: D STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Era of Expansion

91. The time period between 1815 and 1825 was characterized by a peaceful and content national mood, which came to be known as the Era ofa. Happiness. c. Good Feeling.b. Prosperity. d. American Progress.

ANS: C STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Era of Good Feeling

92. “Trail of Tears” refers toa. the route the Cherokee Indians followed as they were forced from their lands.b. settlers’ hardships on the Oregon Trail.c. the experience of traveling to California during the Gold Rush.d. an escaped slave’s journey north.

ANS: A STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Trail of Tears

93. In 1838, U.S. soldiers rounded up more than 15,000 Cherokee Indians in Georgia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and ___________. The soldiers used violent means to enforce the Indian Removal Act, forcing the Cherokees to abandon their homes and move west.a. Alabama c. Oklahomab. Florida d. Mississippi

ANS: A STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Trail of Tears

94. The term “forty-niners” refers to people whoa. believed there should be no more than 49 states in the union.b. purchased land in the American West for $49 per acre.c. flocked westward to California during the peak of the Gold Rush in 1849.d. lobbied to limit the number of hours a factory employee worked per week to 49.

ANS: C STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Gold Rush

95. Following the Battle of San Jacinto in 1836, Texas won its independence froma. the United States. c. Spain.b. Mexico. d. New Mexico.

ANS: B STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Texas Independence

96. As a result of the Mexican War (1846-1848), the United Statesa. was overwhelmed by war debt and forced to borrow from other nations.b. refused to trade with Mexico until it paid reparations.c. further extended its borders to the south and west along the Rio Grande.d. prohibited Mexican immigration and introduced border patrols.

ANS: C STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Mexican War

97. In 1845, journalist John O’Sullivan wrote, “It is the nation’s manifest destiny to overspread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty and federated self-government entrusted to us.” This idea refers toa. the Monroe Doctrine. c. British imperialism.b. the Great Awakening. d. westward expansion.

ANS: D STO: 3.2 TOP: Era of ExpansionKEY: Manifest Destiny

98. The passage below is an excerpt from a document presented at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848. Use the passage and your own knowledge to answer the question.

The Declaration of Sentiments“We Hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal . . . that the history of mankind is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations on the part of man toward woman, having in direct object the establishment of absolute tyranny over her. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world. He has never permitted her to exercise her inalienable right to the elective franchise. He has compelled her to submit to laws, in the formation of which she had no voice. He has withheld from her rights which are given to the most ignorant and degraded men—both natives and foreigners. He has made her, if married, in the eye of the law, civilly dead. He has taken from her all right in property, even to the wages she earns . . ..

Now, in view of this entire disfranchisement of one-half the people of this country . . . we insist that [women] have immediate admission to all the rights and privileges which belong to them as citizens of the United States.”

In arguing for women’s rights, the Declaration of Sentiments was modeled after thea. Magna Carta. c. Declaration of Independence.b. Emancipation Proclamation. d. United States Constitution.

ANS: C STO: 3.3 TOP: Antebellum ReformsKEY: Declaration of Sentiments


- Elizabeth Cady Stanton- Lucretia Mott- Susan B. Anthony

These individuals are MOST closely associated witha. the women’s suffrage movement. c. the Underground Railroad.b. the development of the American

novel.d. the American Red Cross.

ANS: A STO: 3.3 TOP: Antebellum ReformsKEY: Women’s Suffrage

100. I was born into slavery around 1800, but later escaped and became a traveling preacher. In the late 1840s I began to argue for the abolitionist cause, and became one of the movement’s most popular speakers. I also fought for women’s suffrage and am best known for a speech on black women’s rights entitled “Ain’t I a Woman?” My name was originally Isabella Baumfree, but I changed it toa. Harriet Tubman. c. Susan B. Anthony.b. Sojourner Truth. d. Dorothea Dix.

ANS: B STO: 3.3 TOP: Antebellum ReformsKEY: Sojourner Truth


From Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe (1852) “Liberty! The electric word! What is it? Is there anything more in it than a name-- a rhetorical flourish? Why, men and women of America, does your heart’s blood thrill at that word, for which your fathers bled, and your braver mothers were willing that their noblest and best should die? . . . To your fathers, freedom was the right of a nation to be a nation. To [slave George Harris], it is the right of a man to be a man, and not a brute; the right to call the wife of his bosom his wife, and to protect her from lawless violence; the right to protect and educate his child; the right to have a home of his own, a religion of his own, a character of his own, unsubject to the will of another.”

To strengthen her case against slavery, Harriet Beecher Stowe draws a parallel between the plight of slaves and the condition ofa. immigrants who have suffered religious persecution.b. settlers and their hardships as they travel westward.c. parents of soldiers in the Civil War.d. colonists during the American Revolution.

ANS: D STO: 3.3 TOP: Antebellum ReformsKEY: Harriet Beecher Stowe

102. William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglassa. were prominent 19th century abolitionists.b. feuded over the establishment of the Second National Bank.c. co-wrote a popular play glorifying journeys to the West.d. led troops in the Continental army.

ANS: A STO: 3.3 TOP: Antebellum ReformsKEY: Garrison and Douglass

103. The network of secret travel routes, safe houses, and help from abolitionists that aided escaped slaves in their travel from the South to the North is BEST known as thea. Freedom Connection. c. Underground Railroad.b. Fugitive Slave Route. d. Liberty Path.

ANS: C STO: 3.3 TOP: Antebellum ReformsKEY: Underground Railroad


Supported anti-slavery Promoted the Homestead Act Sought to gain political control in the North Opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act

Which political party formed in the 1850s to support these objectives?a. Federalist Party c. Whig Partyb. Republican Party d. Democratic Party

ANS: B STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Republican Party

105. What act of the mid-1850s contradicted the terms of the Missouri Compromise (1820) by stating that new territories could decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery?a. Fugitive Slave Act c. States Rights Actb. Homestead Act d. Kansas-Nebraska Act

ANS: D STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Kansas-Nebraska Act

106. This act required citizens to help in the recovery of runaway slaves and denied the runaways’ right to a jury trial.a. Emancipation Act c. Fugitive Slave Actb. Kansas-Nebraska Act d. Citizen Recovery Act

ANS: C STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Fugitive Slave Act

107. In October 1859 I led a group of 21 men (5 black and 16 white) on an expedition in which we captured a federal armory and arsenal as well as a government supplier of weapons. Our goal was to seize weapons and arm slaves. Who am I?a. John Brown c. Frederick Douglassb. Abraham Lincoln d. Robert E. Lee

ANS: A STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: John Brown’s Raid

108. At the Democratic Party Convention in 1860, the partya. unanimously nominated Stephen A. Douglas as the Democratic candidate.b. came to an agreement on the issue of slavery.c. united to run against the Republican candidate, Abraham Lincoln.d. split into Northern Democrats and Southern Democrats.

ANS: D STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Democratic Party Split

109. Read the following quote and think about what group Lincoln is addressing.

“In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you… You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the

government, while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect and defend it.”

Abraham Lincoln, Inaugural Address, 1861

In this passage Abraham Lincoln is speaking primarily toa. slaves. c. abolitionists.b. Southerners. d. Republicans.

ANS: B STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Sectional Division

110. What was the MAIN ruling in the Dred Scott Decision?a. People of African ancestry were not U.S. citizens.b. Slaves could sue for their freedom.c. Missouri would be a slave state.d. States could decide whether or not they would allow slavery.

ANS: A STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Dred Scott

111. Study the list below. Against federal tariffs For the preservation of slavery Supports states’ rights Against President Lincoln

The above is a list of positions that led toa. Lincoln’s nomination as the Republican candidate.b. John Brown’s Raid.c. eleven southern states seceding from the Union.d. a split in the Republican Party.

ANS: C STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Sectional Division

112. Which act provided land for the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Alabama (which later became Auburn University)?a. Emancipation Proclamation (1863) c. Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)b. Homestead Act (1862) d. Free Land Act (1868)

ANS: C STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Morrill Land Grant Act

113. The MAIN point of the Emancipation Proclamation (1863) was toa. overturn the Fugitive Slave Act. c. stop more states from seceding.b. free slaves in Union states. d. free all slaves in rebellious states.

ANS: D STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Emancipation Proclamation

114. The Homestead Act of 1862

a. gave western land to people who were willing to farm and live on landb. allowed former slaves to own land.c. preserved exclusive white land ownership in the South.d. broke up southern plantations.

ANS: A STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Homestead Act

115. A writ of habeas corpus requires a person accused of a crime to be presented by their accuser before a court to determine whether he or she has been legally arrested and detained. This writ wasa. established after the Civil War.b. temporarily suspended by Lincoln’s administration during the Civil War.c. determined to be unconstitutional during the Civil War.d. created by President Lincoln and implemented for the duration of the Civil War

ANS: B STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Writ of Habeas Corpus

116. Which conflict was the opening engagement of the Civil War?a. First Battle of Bull Run c. the bombardment of Fort Sumterb. Sherman’s March d. Battle of Gettysburg

ANS: C STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Fort Sumter

117. One result of Sherman’s March to the Sea wasa. the Union captured the Mississippi River.b. resentment toward Union troops because of burning and destruction.c. a definitive and important military victory for the Confederacy.d. more unity between the north and the south.

ANS: B STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Sherman’s March

118. What did the residents of Winston County, Alabama and counties in western Virginia (modern day West Virginia) strongly oppose?a. giving up their slavesb. acknowledging Abraham Lincoln as presidentc. paying tariffsd. seceding from the Union

ANS: D STO: 4.1 TOP: Alabama KEY: Winston County

119. On February 4, 1861, delegates from the seceded states of Mississippi, South Carolina, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana met in Montgomery, Alabama toa. create a provisional government for the Confederate States.b. talk about ways to rejoin the Union.c. select a new candidate for president of the United States.d. celebrate Alabama becoming a state.

ANS: A STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Confederate States

120. Before the Confederate capital moved to Richmond, Virginia, it was located ina. Winston County, Alabama. c. Montgomery, Alabama.b. Atlanta, Georgia. d. Charleston, South Carolina.

ANS: C STO: 4.1 TOP: Alabama KEY: Confederate Capital

121. Black military units were made legal by the Union during the Civil War toa. provide more troops for the Union Army.b. promote unity between blacks and whites.c. provoke the Confederate Army.d. allow Northern whites to avoid fighting.

ANS: A STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Black military units

122. Which battle allowed the Union Army to gain control of the Mississippi River and cut off parts of the South, contributing to the military defeat of the Confederacy?a. Battle of Gettysburg c. Battle of Chickasaw Bluffsb. Fort Sumter d. Battle of Vicksburg

ANS: D STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Battle of Vicksburg

123. In what speech did President Lincoln reaffirm the beliefs of the founders saying, “This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth”?a. Presidential Inauguration Speech c. Emancipation Proclamationb. Gettysburg Address d. Lincoln – Douglas debates

ANS: B STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Gettysburg Address

124. Which Confederate general surrendered at Appomattox Court House in 1865?a. John B. Hood c. Robert E. Leeb. Ulysses S. Grant d. Jefferson Davis

ANS: C STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Appomattox

125. The Wade-Davis Bill proposed a requirement that more than 50% of a seceded state’s white men had to swear an oath of loyalty to the United States in order for that state to be readmitted to the Union. This bill was a part ofa. Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction of the South.b. the Democrats’ plan for Reconstruction of the South.c. the writ of habeas corpus in regard to Reconstruction.d. the congressional plan for Reconstruction of the South.

ANS: D STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Wade-Davis Bill


Southern scalawags Northern carpetbaggers Newly freed slaves

The groups in the list above would havea. wanted the Confederacy to win the war.b. supported Radical Reconstruction.c. supported southern states’ expanded rights.d. been southern Democrats.

ANS: B STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Radical Reconstruction

127. Study the list below. Farmers had no land Farmers worked for landowners Cotton prices slumped High freight rates

The items above are a list ofa. hardships faced by Alabama farmers after the Civil War.b. issues that Northerners were concerned about before the Civil War.c. reasons that farmers entered the Civil War.d. conditions that led to the secession of 11 southern states.

ANS: A STO: 4.1 TOP: Alabama KEY: Farmers

128. Some of the goals of Reconstruction were to reunite southern states with the Union, to define the role of emancipated slaves, and to create governments in southern states. Which of the following BEST represents another goal of Reconstruction?a. ensuring the rights of southern state governmentsb. rekindling support for President Lincolnc. rebuilding the economies of war-ravaged cities and townsd. building war memorials for those who died in the war

ANS: C STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Reconstruction Goals

129. The principle purpose of the Black Codes was toa. restrict the rights of newly freed slaves.b. protect former slave owners from freed slaves.c. prevent former slaves from gaining the right to marry.d. protect former slaves’ rights to keep guns and ammunition.

ANS: A STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Black Codes

130. I was the commander in chief of the Union Army during the Civil War and accepted the surrender of Robert E. Lee at Appomattox Court House. I later was elected as the 18th President of the United States. I was in favor of Reconstruction. Who am I?a. Jefferson Davis c. Andrew Johnson

b. Ulysses S. Grant d. Abraham Lincoln

ANS: B STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Ulysses S. Grant

131. Reconstruction effectively ended whena. the Democrats regained a majority in the House of Representatives.b. all the southern states had rejoined the Union.c. southern states expelled federal troops from their land.d. Rutherford B. Hayes was inaugurated as president in 1877.

ANS: D STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: End of Reconstruction

132. The presidential election of 1876 between Rutherford B. Hayes and Samuel J. Tilden was decided bya. the largest winning margin of any presidential election.b. a recount of the votes from several key states.c. a compromise between Democrats and Republicans.d. a coin toss.

ANS: C STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Election of 1876

133. The Compromise of 1877 was an agreement in which Republicans said they would finally remove all their soldiers from the South and allow some Southerners into the cabinet, if Democrats accepted Rutherford B. Hayes as president. The former slaves in the south called this compromisea. The Fair Trade Compromise. c. The Golden Era.b. The Great Betrayal. d. The Great Awakening.

ANS: B STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Compromise of 1877

134. Study the list below. A united North and South Industrialization Diversification of crops

The items in the above list were important goals ofa. the New South. c. the Black Codes.b. the Compromise of 1877. d. Reconstruction.

ANS: A STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: New South

135. One cultural result of the New South wasa. the formation of integrated churches.b. the Harlem Renaissance.c. the integration of schools and expansion of public education.d. the formation of black churches with black ministers.

ANS: D STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and Reconstruction

KEY: New South

136. What kind of laws made discrimination legal?a. Stamp Acts c. Jim Crow lawsb. Sacco and Vanzetti laws d. United Nations Acts

ANS: C STO: 4.1 TOP: Civil War and ReconstructionKEY: Jim Crow laws

137. Which of the following MOST led to the near-extinction of the buffalo?a. over hunting by Native Americansb. conflicts between the U.S. Army and Native Americansc. U.S. western expansion and settlementd. mad cow disease

ANS: C STO: 5.1 TOP: Development of the MidwestKEY: Buffalo

138. After 1860 most conflicts between Native American peoples and the U.S. military took placea. west of the Mississippi River. c. in Kentucky and Tennessee.b. in Alabama and Georgia. d. north of the Ohio River.

ANS: A STO: 5.1 TOP: Development of the MidwestKEY: Indian Conflicts

139. In 1890 the U.S. Army massacred over 100 unarmed or poorly armed Sioux Indians ata. the battle of Little Bighorn. c. Sand Creek.b. Red Cloud’s War. d. Wounded Knee.

ANS: D STO: 5.1 TOP: Development of the MidwestKEY: Wounded Knee

140. Study the list below. the mechanical reaper the steel plow barbed wire

The inventions listed above are from the 1800s anda. caused more conflict between Native Americans and settlers.b. aided in the settlement of the Midwest.c. helped make John D. Rockefeller a millionaire.d. were brought to the U.S. from Europe.

ANS: B STO: 5.1 TOP: Development of the MidwestKEY: Inventions

141. Two grievances farmers had in the late 1800s were:a. declining crop prices and tariffs which caused profits to erode.b. there was not enough land and available land was expensive. c. harvesting took a very long time and there were no new tools to help.d. laborers were hard to find and they were expensive to employ.

ANS: A STO: 5.1 TOP: Development of the MidwestKEY: Farmers’ Grievances

142. Study the list below. Supported a graduated income tax Formed from Farmers’ Alliances Wanted an increase in currency Wanted lower tariffs Promoted government ownership of the railroads

The positions listed in the box above illustrate the beliefs of thea. Women’s Suffrage Movement. c. Farmers’ Movement.b. Progressive Movement. d. Populist Movement.

ANS: D STO: 5.1 TOP: Development of the MidwestKEY: Populist Movement

143. The Alabama Farmers’ Alliance was a part of the Populist Movement of the late 1800s. This organization (AFA) attempted to help Alabama farmers deal with new problems such asa. striking oil on their property.b. the prevalence of sharecropping and tenant farming.c. slave rebellions.d. new inventions like barbed wire and the steel plow.

ANS: B STO: 5.1 TOP: Alabama KEY: Populist Movement

144. Study the list below. Pollution and sanitation problems in cities More efficient production in factories Overcrowding as more people worked in cities

These were all effects ofa. urbanization. c. the Industrial Revolution.b. immigration. d. the New Deal.

ANS: C STO: 5.2 TOP: Industrialization/UrbanizationKEY: Effects of Industrialization

145. The Industrial Revolution wasa. the change from an agricultural economy to a mechanized one.b. the era when the stock market crashed.c. a period when farming dominated the American economy.d. what the Populists were trying to achieve.

ANS: A STO: 5.1 TOP: Industrialization/UrbanizationKEY: Agriculture to Industry

146. Choose the correct statement about immigrants to the U.S. in the 1800s.a. There were very few immigrants in the 1800s; those who came were explorers.b. Most immigrants were from Mexico and moved to the Southwest.

c. Strict immigration laws established quotas for immigration.d. Most immigrants were from Europe; they moved to cities and sometimes to farms.

ANS: D STO: 5.1 TOP: Industrialization/UrbanizationKEY: Immigration 1800s


Which BEST completes this diagram?a. Television c. Radiob. Pony Express d. Computers

ANS: C STO: 5.2 TOP: Industrialization/UrbanizationKEY: Communication Revolution

148. Which power source helped drive the Industrial Revolution of the mid-1800s?a. animal c. nuclearb. steam d. wind

ANS: B STO: 5.2 TOP: Industrialization/UrbanizationKEY: Power Sources

149. During the 1800s, which of the following contributed MOST to industrialization and growth in Alabama?a. natural streams and established roads c. steel, coal, iron and natural gas

depositsb. cattle farming, meat production d. tourism

ANS: C STO: 5.2 TOP: Alabama KEY: Industrialization

150. What Alabama asset played an important role in the development of the state’s economy as it shifted to a more industry based economy in the late 1800s? This asset aided the transport of farm goods, steel, coal, iron and lumber.a. convenient rivers c. extra strong horsesb. healthy workers d. superior roads

ANS: A STO: 5.2 TOP: Alabama KEY: Natural Resources

151. I was an educator, a member of the Massachusetts State Senate, as well as a member of the state board of education. In this position I tried to increase the accessibility and quality of free, public education. I have often been called the father of the American public school. Who am I?a. Booker T. Washington c. Ida Tarbell

b. Upton Sinclair d. Horace Mann

ANS: D STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Horace Mann

152. Leaders of industry, such as John D. Rockefeller and Andrew Carnegie, were often called robber barons because theya. stole from the rich to give to the poor.b. pushed for better working conditions in factories.c. exploited workers to increase profit.d. did not pay taxes.

ANS: C STO: 5.2 TOP: Industrialization/UrbanizationKEY: Robber Barons

153. The unjust government and corporate practice of forcing prisoners to work on farms, in construction, in mines and in other industry from the mid 1800s until the early 1900s was calleda. convict leasing. c. welfare.b. working jails. d. indentured servitude.

ANS: A STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Convict Leasing

154. Read the following passage.

Dick left the counting-room, hardly knowing whether he stood on his head or his heels, so overjoyed was he at the sudden change in his fortunes. Ten dollars a week was to him a fortune, and three times as much as he had expected to obtain at first. Indeed he would have been glad, only the day before, to get a place at three dollars a week. He reflected that with the stock of clothes which he had now on hand, he could save up at least half of it, and even then live better than he had been accustomed to do; so that his little fund in the savings bank, instead of being diminished, would be steadily increasing. Then he was to be advanced if he deserved it. It was indeed a bright prospect for a boy who, only a year before, could neither read nor write, and depended for a night's lodging upon the chance hospitality of an alley-way or old wagon. Dick's great ambition to "grow up 'spectable" seemed likely to be accomplished after all.

Ragged Dick, by Horatio Alger, 1868

What message is this passage MOST trying to convey?a. Children should get jobs.b. If you work hard you can pull yourself up by your bootstraps.c. Poor children have no hope of becoming respectable.d. Learning to read is an important goal.

ANS: B STO: 5.2 TOP: Industrialization/UrbanizationKEY: Horatio Alger

155. The current Alabama Constitutiona. contains only laws that are regularly enforced.b. is shorter than the U.S. Constitution.

c. was ratified in 1901.d. is the state’s 9th constitution.

ANS: C STO: 5.2 TOP: Alabama KEY: Alabama 1901 Constitution

156. I was the first African American to earn a doctorate from Harvard. I wrote a book called The Souls of Black Folk in which I spoke about the unnecessary compromises some other African American leaders made in their struggle for political and social rights. In 1905 I met with several other black leaders and supporters at Niagara Falls to make a list of demands to end segregation and discrimination. I worked for the new National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Who am I?a. Booker T. Washington c. George Washington Carverb. John Dewey d. W. E. B. DuBois

ANS: D STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: W. E. B. DuBois

157. A journalist, writer or critic at the turn of the 20th century who exposed abuses of business and corruption in politics was called aa. Social Darwinist. c. flapper.b. muckraker. d. communist.

ANS: B STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Muckrakers

158. Muckrakers were considered to be important in thea. Progressive Movement. c. robber baron group.b. communication revolution. d. Free Speech Movement.

ANS: A STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Muckrakers

159. In which muckraking book did author Upton Sinclair write about the unsanitary and harsh working conditions in Chicago meatpacking factories?a. History of the Standard Oil Company c. The Great Gatsbyb. Sister Carrie d. The Jungle

ANS: D STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Upton Sinclair

160. Study the list below. Antitrust laws Graduated income tax Women’s right to vote Regulation of railroads

Which group would have been MOST supportive of the positions in the list above?a. “Gospel of Wealth” movement c. Progressive movementb. civil rights movement d. suffrage movement

ANS: C STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Progressive Movement

161. Separate drinking fountains for people of different races would have been legal under which court ruling?a. Plessy v. Fergusonb. Brown v. Board of Educationc. Regents of the University of California v. Bakked. Roe v. Wade

ANS: A STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Plessy v. Ferguson

162. Progressive reforms included a call for an end toa. public education. c. birth control.b. child labor. d. religion.

ANS: C STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Progressive Reforms

163. The trend of people moving from rural areas to cities is calleda. regentrification. c. citification.b. urbanization. d. urban renewal.

ANS: B STO: 5.2 TOP: Industrialization/UrbanizationKEY: Movement of People

164. The primary goal of the Tuskegee Institute was toa. encourage African Americans to fight for equality under the law.b. research the effects of slavery.c. reconstruct schools destroyed in the Civil War.d. offer practical training and education to African Americans.

ANS: D STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Tuskegee Institute

165. George Washington Carver was a scientist and inventor and worked at the Tuskegee Institute with Booker T. Washington. He is BEST known for his work witha. electricity. c. engines.b. peanut plants. d. cotton seeds.

ANS: B STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: George Washington Carver

166. I was the first principal of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. I thought that economic independence was an important goal for African Americans. I was nicknamed “The Great Accommodator” because I said that blacks shouldn’t try for social equality until we had achieved economic equality. Who am I?a. Booker T. Washington c. W.E.B. DuBoisb. George Washington Carver d. General C. S. Armstrong

ANS: A STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Booker T. Washington

167. Study the passage below.Our greatest danger is that in the great leap from slavery to freedom we may overlook the

fact that the masses of us are to live by the productions of our hands, and fail to keep in mind that we shall prosper in proportion as we learn to dignify and glorify common labor, and put brains and skill into the common occupations of life; shall prosper in proportion as we learn to draw the line between the superficial and the substantial, the ornamental gewgaws of life and the useful. No race can prosper till it learns that there is as much dignity in tilling a field as in writing a poem. It is at the bottom of life we must begin, and not at the top. Nor should we permit our grievances to overshadow our opportunities.

Booker T. Washington’s Atlanta Compromise address, 1895

Based on the information in the above passage, it can be inferred that Booker T. Washington would also argue that blacks shoulda. go to college and study literature so that they can become famous.b. start running for public office.c. work hard and take pride in their work.d. organize protests to gain equal rights.

ANS: C STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Booker T. Washington

168. Which of these Progressive-backed amendments allowed Congress to collect a federal income tax?a. 19th c. 17th

b. 18th d. 16th

ANS: D STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: 16th Amendment

169. Woodrow Wilson won the presidential election in 1912 and put some progressive reforms into effect. Which of the following regulatory legislation programs allowed unions to form?a. The Clayton Anti-Trust Act (1914)b. The Bull Moose Reform (1913)c. The Federal Reserve System (1913)d. The Federal Trade Commission Act (1914)

ANS: A STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Clayton Anti-Trust Act

170. The Federal Trade Commission was established in 1914 toa. regulate the stock market.b. allow businesses to form monopolies.c. make sure that union members were not picketing too much.d. prevent false advertising and enforce anti-trust legislation.

ANS: D STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Federal Trade Commission

171. The central banking system that was established in 1913 to monitor banks and U.S. currency is called thea. First Banks Alliance. c. Federal Reserve System.b. Bank Safety System. d. Federal Trade Commission.

ANS: C STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Federal Reserve System

172. Unsafe working conditions and low pay in factories led toa. the urban civil rights movement. c. monopolies in business.b. the formation of unions. d. Prohibition.

ANS: B STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Unions

173. What were two key issues the first unions advocated in the U.S.?a. safe working conditions and higher wagesb. outsourcing and limits on immigrationc. rights for immigrants and a ban on pesticidesd. unemployment benefits and health insurance

ANS: A STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Unions

174. Which of the following were made states in the late 1800s?a. Ohio and Wisconsin c. Wyoming and Utahb. Hawaii and Alaska d. North Carolina and Alabama

ANS: C STO: 5.1 TOP: Development of the MidwestKEY: New States

175. Study the list below. yellow journalism the sinking of the U.S. battleship Maine mistreatment of Cuban natives

The items in the list above prompted the U.S. to enter what war in 1898?a. The Caribbean War c. The Cuban Invasionb. World War I d. The Spanish-American War

ANS: D STO: 6.1 TOP: Imperialism (19th and 20th centuries)KEY: Spanish-American War

176. The Rough Riders werea. members of the U.S. army during World War II.b. U.S. Cavalry Volunteers during the Spanish-American War.c. businessmen who were involved in the industrial revolution.d. stunt horse riders who entertained people at rodeos at the turn of the century.

ANS: B STO: 6.1 TOP: Imperialism (19th and 20th centuries)KEY: Spanish-American War

177. Which territories did the U.S. gain as a result of the Spanish-American War?a. Puerto Rico and the Philippinesb. the area west of the Appalachians to the Mississippi Riverc. Arizona and New Mexicod. Alaska and Hawaii

ANS: A STO: 6.1 TOP: Imperialism (19th and 20th centuries)KEY: Spanish-American War

178. A strong nation dominates a weaker nation, using the people and raw materials to profit the strong nation. This describesa. Sectionalism. c. Nationalism.b. Marxism. d. Imperialism.

ANS: D STO: 6.1 TOP: Imperialism (19th and 20th centuries)KEY: Imperialism

179. Which relationship illustrates imperialism?a. The U.S. and Canada disagree over trade regulations in 1970.b. France and Great Britain fight together against Germany in 1914.c. Ivory from colonies in Africa benefits businesses in Great Britain in the 1800s.d. The results of an election impact foreign affairs in both Germany and France in

1900.

ANS: C STO: 6.1 TOP: Imperialism (19th and 20th centuries)KEY: Imperialism

180. The Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani resigned power in 1893 to an American coup. What group helped to encourage this overthrow?a. native Hawaiians who were tired of living under a monarchyb. European and American sugar plantation owners who had control of a large part of

the Hawaiian economyc. the United States government, which gave Americans in Hawaii authority to

overthrow the queend. the lazy and ineffective Hawaiian government

ANS: B STO: 6.1 TOP: Imperialism (19th and 20th centuries)KEY: Hawaii

181. In the late 1800s the U.S. promoted a policy where all nations would have equal trading and development rights in China. This was called thea. Limitation of Armament. c. Free Trade Agreement.b. Shanghai Policy. d. Open Door Policy.

ANS: D STO: 6.1 TOP: Imperialism (19th and 20th centuries)KEY: Open Door Policy

182. I am an Alabama native who became Surgeon General of the United States. I was able to minimize the occurrence of malaria and yellow fever by controlling the mosquito population. My work in this field protected workers from disease and enabled the U.S. to complete the Panama Canal in 1914. Who am I?a. William C. Gorgas c. Woodrow Wilsonb. Col. G. W. Goethals d. Theodore Roosevelt

ANS: A STO: 6.1 TOP: Alabama KEY: William C. Gorgas

183. Roosevelt’s Corollary modified what other U.S. policy?a. Marbury v. Madison c. Monroe Doctrineb. Jeffersonian Democracy d. Manifest Destiny

ANS: C STO: 6.1 TOP: Imperialism (19th and 20th centuries)KEY: Roosevelt’s Corollary

184. President Theodore Roosevelt’s Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine served to protect U.S. economic interests in Latin America and also expanded the U.S. involvement in world affairs. He famously illustrated this foreign policy perspective with the phrase,a. the credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena.b. most of us enjoy preaching and I’ve got such a bully pulpit!c. each is given a square deal.d. speak softly and carry a big stick.

ANS: B STO: 6.1 TOP: Imperialism (19th and 20th centuries)KEY: Roosevelt’s Corollary

185. Which president established conservation legislation designed to protect millions of acres of land in the western United States in the first decade of the 1900s?a. Warren Harding c. Calvin Coolidgeb. Franklin D. Roosevelt d. Theodore Roosevelt

ANS: D STO: 5.2 TOP: Progressive EraKEY: Conservation Legislation

186. Social Darwinists believed thata. human interaction with other humans was essential to social order.b. science was the most important thing to study.c. certain peoples or races were better adapted to be successful in the world.d. all species evolved from the same simple life form.

ANS: C STO: 6.1 TOP: Imperialism (19th and 20th centuries)KEY: Social Darwinism

187. The long-term causes of World War I began over one hundred years before the war as European powers interacted, formed alliances and many broke with former monarchies. The immediate cause of WWI was thea. Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.b. assassination of Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria.c. Russian Revolution and worker uprising.d. sinking of the Lusitania, a British passenger ship.

ANS: B STO: 6.1 TOP: World War IKEY: Assassination of Franz Ferdinand


The present German submarine warfare against commerce is a warfare against mankind. It is a war against all nations. American ships have been sunk, American lives taken, in ways which it has stirred us very deeply to learn of, but the ships and people of other neutral and friendly nations have been sunk and overwhelmed in the waters in the same way. There has been no discrimination. The challenge is to all mankind. Each nation must decide for itself how it will meet it... Our motive will not be revenge or the victorious assertion of the physical might of the nation, but only the vindication of right, of human right, of which we are only a single champion.

Woodrow Wilson, Address to Congress, April 2, 1917

In the above passage, President Wilson argues thata. Germany’s actions are an affront to all mankind.b. the U.S. needs to get revenge on Germany.c. other countries need our help.d. we should want to gain more lands and resources.

ANS: A STO: 6.1 TOP: World War I KEY: U.S. entry WW I


What is the BEST title for the above diagram?a. The Treaty of Versaillesb. German aggression towards Great Britainc. Causes of U.S. entry into World War Id. Reasons for the U.S. policy of isolation

ANS: C STO: 6.1 TOP: World War I KEY: U.S. entry WWI

190. What role did alliances play in World War I?a. Many nations joined the war to help their allies.b. Members of alliances caused friction with each other.c. Weapons production was an alliance.d. Nations joined alliances during the war for protection.

ANS: A STO: 6.1 TOP: World War I KEY: Alliances

191. The U.S. Army mobilized and entered World War I bya. 1914. c. 1916.

b. 1915. d. 1917.

ANS: D STO: 6.1 TOP: World War I KEY: U.S. entry WWI

192. The term militarism refers toa. improvements in military technology, such as machine guns and tanks.b. nations arming themselves, making armed conflicts more likely and lethal.c. a country’s love of its generals.d. countries that are under a military leadership.

ANS: B STO: 6.1 TOP: World War I KEY: Militarism

193. World War I is often described as a war of attrition with both the Allies and the Germans fighting hard, losing many men, but not gaining much of an advantage. In this context, the word attrition most closely means:a. quick changes in control or direction c. wearing down to weaken or destroyb. fighting to the death d. gaining the upper hand or advantage

ANS: C STO: 6.2 TOP: World War I KEY: Attrition

194. Choose the BEST description of the United States’ contribution to World War I.a. symbolic support for the Alliesb. neutrality to all sidesc. supplied only strategic advice and information to the Allied forcesd. supplemental industrial power and troops for the Allied forces

ANS: D STO: 6.1 TOP: World War I KEY: U.S. Contribution to WWI

195. World War I led to the development of which new weapons and warfare strategies?a. poison gas, trench warfare, machine guns, tanksb. jet airplanes, atomic bombs, ICBMs, RPGsc. stealth airplanes, laser-guided missilesd. rifled artillery and Gatling guns, submarines

ANS: A STO: 6.2 TOP: World War I KEY: New Weapons

196. What is the term for extreme pride and devotion to country?a. colloquialism c. nationalismb. creationism d. imperialism

ANS: C STO: 6.1 TOP: World War I KEY: Nationalism

197. The practice of giving in to a potential enemy’s demands in order to avoid war is calleda. pacifism. c. aggrandizement.b. appeasement. d. neutrality.

ANS: B STO: 7.2 TOP: World War I KEY: Appeasement

198. Study the list below. Germany had to pay a great deal of money in war reparations. Germany had to drastically reduce its military forces. Germany had to turn over lands it had previously occupied.

This list details the provisions ofa. the Treaty of Versailles. c. the Nazi Party’s peace plan.b. Great Britain’s agreement with

Germany.d. the Paris Accords.

ANS: A STO: 6.1 TOP: World War I KEY: Treaty of Versailles

199. The Treaty of Versailles establisheda. a European Union. c. the United Nations.b. the pardoning of German debts. d. the League of Nations.

ANS: D STO: 6.1 TOP: World War I KEY: Treaty of Versailles

200. As a result of World War I and the Treaty of Versailles, the German economy wasa. reliant on a welfare system.b. weak and vulnerable.c. stronger than ever.d. integrated with other European economies.

ANS: B STO: 6.1 TOP: World War I KEY: Treaty of Versailles

201. What was the U.S.’s position on the League of Nations?a. President Wilson was in favor of it; Congress was opposed.b. The U.S. did not know about the League of Nations.c. The U.S. joined the League of Nations.d. Congress was in favor of it; President Wilson was opposed.

ANS: A STO: 6.2 TOP: World War I KEY: League of Nations

202. After World War I the financial hub of the world shifted froma. the United States to Asia. c. Europe to the United States.b. the United States to Europe. d. Europe to the Middle East.

ANS: C STO: 6.2 TOP: World War I KEY: Financial Hub

203. When did women across the nation win the right to vote?a. 1940 c. 1900b. 1920 d. 1870

ANS: B STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: Women Voting

204. I was born in 1873 in Florence, Alabama in a log cabin. I loved music and toured with Mahara’s Minstrels for several years. I also taught at the Agricultural and Mechanical College in Normal, Alabama. I wrote many famous pieces of music such as “St. Louis Blues” and am often called the “Father of the Blues.” Who am I?a. Charley Patton c. Robert Johnsonb. Ray Charles d. W.C. Handy

ANS: D STO: 6.2 TOP: Alabama KEY: W.C. Handy

205. This important genre of music developed in the 1920s out of African American music including spirituals, blues, and ragtime.

a. hip hop c. gospelb. new age d. jazz

ANS: C STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: Jazz

206. What was the name of the African-American cultural movement of the 1920s?a. Urbanization c. Prohibitionb. The Harlem Renaissance d. The Jazz Age

ANS: B STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: Harlem Renaissance

207. Study the list below. Decrease in alcohol related illnesses Increase in organized crime Flourishing of speakeasies

In the 1920s, the above trends were consequences ofa. the Harlem Renaissance. c. gambling.b. the Jazz Age. d. Prohibition.

ANS: D STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: Prohibition

208. What birth control rights activist said, “No woman can call herself free who does not own and control her own body”? (1920).a. Margaret Sanger c. Zora Neal Hurstonb. Emma Goldman d. Jane Addams

ANS: A STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: Margaret Sanger

209. Study the list below. Automobiles Vacuum Cleaners Radios

During the 1920s, the items in the list above werea. rationed. c. widely available and popular.b. available to only the most wealthy. d. invented.

ANS: C STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: Technology

210. Radio shows and motion pictures in the 1920s were both part of the birth ofa. the Harlem Renaissance. c. Prohibition.b. mass entertainment. d. print media growth.

ANS: B STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: Mass Entertainment

211. The agricultural economy in the 1920s experienced aa. depression in prices. c. shortage of workers.b. reduction in government aid. d. boom in sales and trade.

ANS: A STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: 1920s Agriculture

212. Although in many parts of the United States the 1920s were experienced as a time of prosperity, in other areas, such as Alabama and much of the south, there were problems that made the “roaring twenties” less prosperous for many people. These problems includeda. an influx of new residents from the North.b. a higher rate of public drunkenness and divorce.c. high union membership fees and a lack of industrial jobs.d. child labor, lack of labor organization, and poverty.

ANS: D STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: Underside of the 1920s


What is the BEST title for the above diagram?a. Jim Crow laws c. The Great Depressionb. The Red Scare d. The Sacco and Vanzetti case

ANS: B STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: Red Scare

214. The movement of many African Americans from rural southern areas to urban northern areas in the early 1900s was calleda. internal immigration. c. the Great Migration.b. the Underground Railroad. d. the African-American movement.

ANS: C STO: 6.2 TOP: Industrialization/UrbanizationKEY: The Great Migration

215. Which court case sparked worldwide attention and protest when the defendants were sentenced to death and executed?a. the Sacco and Vanzetti case c. the Emma Goldman caseb. Plessy v. Ferguson d. Roe v. Wade

ANS: A STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: Sacco and Vanzetti

216. This white supremacist organization reached its peak in the mid-1920s with membership in the millions.a. Anarchists c. The Communist Partyb. Skinheads d. Ku Klux Klan

ANS: D STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: Ku Klux Klan

217. Study the chart below.

Immigration Legislation of the 1920sLegislation Terms

Emergency Quota Act (1921)

Limited the yearly number of immigrants who could enter the U.S. to 3% of the population already in the U.S. This especially restricted southern and eastern European immigration.

Immigration Act of 1924 (Johnson-Reed Act)

Further limited the number of immigrants allowed into the U.S. to just 2% of the immigrant population already in the U.S.

National Origins Act (1924)

Set quotas for countries. Certain countries like Russia, Italy, and Poland had very low quotas. Countries like England had much higher quotas. The act also banned all Asian immigration.

Due to the legislation shown in the chart above, immigrant populations in the U.S. would MOST likelya. move back to their home countries. c. grow at a much slower rate.b. move to rural areas. d. decline rapidly.

ANS: C STO: 6.2 TOP: 1920s Social and Cultural ChangeKEY: Immigration Legislation

218. One cause of the Great Depression was a large and growing gap between rich and poor. Which of the following was a MAIN factor in this disparity?a. New states had unstable economies.b. Immigration into the U.S. from Europe and Asia was limited.c. The poor people wasted money.d. Wages did not increase as quickly as productivity and profit.

ANS: D STO: 7.1 TOP: Great Depression and New DealKEY: Disparity of Income

219. Stock market speculation involveda. breaking laws that regulated the

market.c. guaranteed high returns.

b. high risk business investments. d. investments in low-risk bonds.

ANS: B STO: 7.1 TOP: Great Depression and New DealKEY: Stock Market Speculation


Which BEST completes the above diagram?a. The collapse of the farm economy c. Diversity in the American economyb. Increase in international trade d. The New Deal

ANS: A STO: 7.1 TOP: Great Depression and New DealKEY: Causes of the Great Depression

221. The Tennessee Valley Authoritya. was created during World War II.b. enforced the rules of the New Deal.c. lowered the price of farm goods produced in the South.d. was established to bring electricity to much of the South.

ANS: D STO: 7.1 TOP: Great Depression and New DealKEY: Tennessee Valley Authority

222. Herbert Hoover wasa. re-elected to a second term.b. blamed for the poor economic situation during the Depression.c. personally responsible for the Great Depressiond. the most popular president of the 1930s.

ANS: B STO: 7.1 TOP: Great Depression and New DealKEY: Herbert Hoover

223. Drought and over-farming in the central United States led to thea. farmers’ branch of the civil rights movement.b. establishment of the state of Oklahoma.c. Dust Bowl.d. creation of the Federal Reserve.

ANS: C STO: 7.1 TOP: Great Depression and New DealKEY: Dust Bowl

224. The Dust Bowl was the name given toa. parts of the Great Plains, covering many states.b. parts of New England during the Depression.c. the practice of rotating crops.d. the first National Football League championship.

ANS: A STO: 7.1 TOP: Great Depression and New DealKEY: Dust Bowl

225. Most of the people who were displaced by the Dust Bowl moved to

a. Texas. c. Michigan.b. Alabama. d. California.

ANS: D STO: 7.1 TOP: Great Depression and New DealKEY: Dust Bowl

226. One result of the Great Depression was thata. the United Nations formed.b. the U.S. government became more involved in the economy.c. the Federal Reserve was established.d. President F.D. Roosevelt was not elected to a second term.

ANS: B STO: 7.1 TOP: Great Depression and New DealKEY: Government and Economy

227. During the Great Depression, which New Deal program brought electricity to the northern third of Alabama, in turn attracting industry, improving farms and employing workers?a. Civil Works Administration (CWA) c. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)b. Works Progress Administration

(WPA)d. Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

ANS: C STO: 7.1 TOP: Alabama KEY: Tennessee Valley Authority

228. Which of the following techniques did President Franklin D. Roosevelt use during the Depression and World War II to inform and calm the American people?a. fireside chats c. automated phone callsb. television addresses d. leaflet mailings

ANS: A STO: 7.1 TOP: Great Depression and New DealKEY: Fireside Chats

229. The MAIN reason that radio programs and movies were popular during the Depression was thata. people had extra money to spend on entertainment.b. television was considered to be morally corrupt.c. people were tired of going to plays and concerts.d. entertainment offered people an escape from the hardships of daily life.

ANS: D STO: 7.1 TOP: Great Depression and New DealKEY: Entertainment

230. Study the list below. Widespread feelings of nationalism War-torn economies Resentment after WWI defeat

The conditions in the list abovea. caused the League of Nations to break up.b. contributed to the rise of dictators like Hitler.c. led to the U.S. staying out of World War II.d. caused Great Britain to become isolationist.

ANS: B STO: 7.2 TOP: World War II

KEY: Rise of Dictators

231. In 1938, European powers met to try to avoid war and decided to give a large part of Czechoslovakia to Nazi Germany. The meeting where this appeasement took place is called thea. Munich Conference. c. Hitler Agreement.b. German Appeasement Conference. d. Czechoslovakian Agreement.

ANS: A STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: Munich Conference

232. The _____________ in 1939 is considered to be the beginning of World War II in Europe.a. Japanese invasion of China c. Great Depressionb. Munich Conference d. German invasion of Poland

ANS: D STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: Invasion of Poland

233. Why did President Roosevelt declare, “December 7, 1941, a date which will live in infamy”?a. The U.S. failed to enter the League of Nations, and his peace plan was defeated.b. The Iron Curtain fell on Europe and Soviet domination began.c. Japan attacked Pearl Harbor causing the U.S. to enter World War II.d. The banks failed and the Great Depression began.

ANS: C STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: Pearl Harbor

234. During World War II, the U.S. government encouraged Americans to purchasea. luxury goods. c. foreign cars.b. their own bomb shelters. d. war bonds.

ANS: D STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: War Bonds

235. Study the list below. Coffee Sugar Gasoline

On the home front during World War II, the items in the above list werea. abundant. c. inexpensive.b. rationed. d. banned.

ANS: B STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: WW II Homefront

236.

The purpose of the government poster above is to encourage women toa. join the workforce. c. be patriotic.b. join the Army. d. lift weights.

ANS: A STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: WW II Homefront

237. Which statement BEST describes why many women began working in factories during World War II?a. They needed to have two incomes in their households.b. They wanted to help with the war effort and maintain the workforce.c. Many were divorced and needed to find jobs to support themselves.d. They wanted to work beside their husbands to strengthen their marriages.

ANS: B STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: WW II Homefront

238. What government action forced thousands of Japanese-Americans from their homes during WWII?a. Pearl Harbor detention c. Japanese internmentb. Hiroshima d. Japanese rationing

ANS: C STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: Japanese Internment

239. Which was a major battle between German and Soviet troops and also a turning point for the Allies?a. Normandy c. Midwayb. Volgograd d. Stalingrad

ANS: D STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: Stalingrad

240. “D-Day” was the name for the date that the Allies invaded

a. Tokyo. c. Stalingrad.b. Normandy. d. Paris.

ANS: B STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: D-Day

241. The Battle of Midway was fought primarily with aircraft but also included naval forces. It proved to be an important Allied victory overa. Japan. c. Hawaii.b. Italy. d. Germany.

ANS: A STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: Battle of Midway

242. I was the supreme commander of the Allied forces during World War II and oversaw the D-Day invasion at Normandy. After the war I became the President of the United States. Who am I?a. Douglas MacArthur c. Dwight D. Eisenhowerb. John F. Kennedy d. George Patton

ANS: C STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: Dwight D. Eisenhower

243. The commander of the Allied forces in the South Pacific during World War II wasa. John F. Kennedy. c. Dwight D. Eisenhower.b. George Patton. d. Douglas MacArthur.

ANS: D STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: Douglas MacArthur


Which individual BEST fits into the above diagram?a. Woodrow Wilson c. Benito Mussolinib. Winston Churchill d. Adolf Hitler

ANS: B STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: World War II Allied Leaders

245. The murder of over six million Jews during World War II is calleda. the Holocaust. c. the Nazi Genocide.b. the Curtailment. d. Hitler’s War.

ANS: A STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: The Holocaust

246. The Holocaust wasa. an attack on Pearl Harbor that brought the U.S. into World War II.b. the creation of the United Nations.c. the wall that was erected between West and East Berlin.d. the attempted extermination of the Jews during World War II.

ANS: D STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: The Holocaust

247. At the end of World War II when U.S. and Soviet forces liberated the concentration camps they found thata. the numerous reports of prisoner mistreatment had been exaggerated.b. there were very few prisoners left alive.c. the extent of the atrocities committed at the camps had been underreported.d. the Nazis had destroyed most of the evidence of torture.

ANS: C STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: Liberation of Concentration Camps

248. On August 6, 1945, the U.S. dropped the first offensively used atomic bomb ona. Tokyo. c. the Philippines.b. Hiroshima. d. Berlin.

ANS: B STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: Atomic Bomb

249. Compared to World War I, the U.S. wasa. more involved in World War II.b. more neutral in World War II.c. less involved in World War II.d. involved to the same degree in World War II.

ANS: A STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: U.S. Involvement in WW II

250. The U.S. had a policy of neutralitya. at the end of World War II.b. when Great Britain was involved in a war.c. at the beginning of both World War I and II.d. towards the Germans.

ANS: C STO: 7.2 TOP: World War IIKEY: U.S. involvement in WW II

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