alan agresti christine franklin - test bank...

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STATISTICS: THE ART AND SCIENCE OF

LEARNING FROM DATA THIRD EDITION

Alan Agresti University of Florida

Christine Franklin University of Georgia

Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River

Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo

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The author and publisher of this book have used their best efforts in preparing this book. These efforts include the development, research, and testing of the theories and programs to determine their effectiveness. The author and publisher make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these programs or the documentation contained in this book. The author and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental or consequential damages in connection with, or arising out of, the furnishing, performance, or use of these programs. Reproduced by Pearson from electronic files supplied by the author. Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson, 75 Arlington Street, Boston, MA 02116. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. ISBN-13: 978-0-321-75617-6 ISBN-10: 0-321-75617-7 www.pearsonhighered.com


Chapter 1 Exam A

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Answer true or false.1) One method of learning about the impact of randomness and variability from sample to sample is

simulation.A) True B) False

1)

Provide an appropriate response.2) A survey of 1500 American households found that 33% of the respondents own a computer. Is this

value a parameter or a statistic?A) statistic B) parameter

2)

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

Fill in the blank.3) The three main aspects of statistics are , , and

.3)


Answer true or false.4) A large company would like to know what percentage of itʹs employees would utilize an on-site

daycare facility. Rather than asking itʹs 5000 employees, each employee is assigned a number from1 to 5000 and then a computer program is used to randomly select 100 numbers between 1 and5000. These employees are then contacted and asked whether they would use an on -site daycarefacility. The method used to collect the sample of 100 responses produces a random sample.

A) False B) True

4)


Fill in the blank.5) The basis of ____________________ is that each subject in the population has the same

chance of being in the sample.5)


Answer true or false.6) Descriptive statistics refers to methods of making decisions or predictions about a population,

based on data obtained from a sample of that population; while inferential statistics refers tomethods for summarizing the data.

A) True B) False

6)

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. 1



Provide an appropriate response.7) Drug X, a drug that claims to treat male pattern scalp hair loss, was administered for 12

months to over 1800 men aged 18 to 41 with mild to moderate amounts of ongoing hairloss. Whether they were receiving drug X or a placebo (a pill containing no medication),all men were given a medicated shampoo. In general, men who took drug X maintainedor increased the number of visible scalp hairs; while scalp hair counts in men who took theplacebo continued to decrease. This concluded that drug X is effective in maintaining orincreasing the amount of scalp hair in men. Which statement of this example can bereferred to as descriptive statistics?

7)

8) A recent poll asked 1,245 registered voters nationwide, ʺWhich party do you think can doa better job of handling immigration issues?ʺ 31% of the respondents answeredʺRepublicans.ʺ With a margin of error of ±3%, it is estimated that between 28 and 34percent of registered voters nationwide feel that the Republican party can do a better jobof handling immigration issues. Identify which part of this example is inferential.

8)

9) Every year the U.S. Census Bureau releases the Current Population Report based on asurvey of 50,000 households within the United States. Identify the population, the sample,and the subjects for this study.

9)


Select the most appropriate answer.10) A short application program for performing a specific task is called a/an

A) time series.B) parameter.C) applet.D) None of these.E) sampling.

10)

Answer true or false.11) In a recent television survey, participants were asked to answer ʺyesʺ or ʺnoʺ to the question ʺAre

you in favor of the death penalty?ʺ. Six thousand five hundred responded ʺyesʺ while 3700responded ʺnoʺ. There was a fifty-cent charge for the call. The sampling technique used producesa random sample.

A) True B) False

11)


Fill in the blank.12) The ____________________ is the set of all subjects of interest; while the

____________________ is a subset of the entire set of interest.12)

Provide an appropriate response.13) A radio show host asks listeners whether they believe that human activity is altering the

global climate. Of those calling in, only 20% responded by saying yes. Is it safe to inferthat only 20% of the general population believes that human activity is altering the globalclimate?

13)




14) The average salary of all automotive workers is $42,000. Is this value a parameter or a statistic?A) parameter B) statistic

14)

Select the most appropriate answer.15) The estimation of the population average age of registered voters in the state of Ohio based on the

sample average age of 1,000 registered voters in that state and its corresponding margin of error isan example of

A) a statistic.B) deductive statistics.C) descriptive statistics.D) inferential statistics.E) a parameter.

15)

16) The following statement refers to which aspect of a statistical study: ʺA meteorologist constructs agraph showing the total precipitation in Phoenix, Arizona in each of the months of a given yearʺ?

A) Description B) Inference C) Design

16)

Answer true or false.17) Parameter values are usually known.

A) False B) True17)

Provide an appropriate response.18) Using an computer to mimic what would actually happen if you selected a sample and used

statistics in real life is calledA) databaseB) mini-tabC) time seriesD) random samplingE) simulation

18)

Answer true or false.19) Random sampling enables the sample to be a good reflection of the population.

A) True B) False19)

Determine whether the summary measure is better described as a parameter or a statistic.20) The average height of horse jockeys

A) Statistic B) Parameter20)

The owners of a coffee shop conducted a taste test to determine whether its customers preferred a new coffee brand tothe current one sold by the shop. Customers who were willing to participate were given small samples of each of thetwo brands in random order and were asked to select which one they preferred without knowing the brand. Of the 100participating customers, 90% chose the new brand. Based on these results, the owners determined that a majority oftheir customers preferred the new brand and therefore switched their coffee supplier.

21) Randomizing the order in which the samples of each brand were given to each customer refers towhich aspect of statistics?

A) DescriptionB) InvestigationC) InferenceD) DesignE) None of these

21)



Select the most appropriate answer.22) The following statement refers to which aspect of a statistical study: ʺThe average age of the

students in a statistics class is 25 yearsʺ?A) Inference B) Description C) Design

22)


Fill in the blank.23) _____________________ is the art and science of learning from data. 23)


Select the most appropriate answer.24) Making decisions and predictions based on the data refers to which aspect of statistics?

A) None of theseB) SamplingC) InferenceD) DescriptionE) Design

24)

Answer true or false.25) To estimate the percentage of defective items a machine is producing, a quality control analyst

inspects the first 100 items produced in a day. This technique produces a random sample.A) False B) True

25)



Answer KeyTestname: CHAPTER_1_EXAM_A

1) A2) A3) design, description, inference4) B5) random sampling6) B7) Scalp hair counts in the men who took drug X maintained or increased; scalp hair counts in the men who took the

placebo decreased8) It is estimated that between 28 and 34 percent of registered voters nationwide feel that the Republican party can do a

better job of handling immigration issues.9) The population is all U.S. households. The sample is the 50,000 households surveyed within the United States. The

subjects are the U.S. households.10) C11) B12) population; sample13) No. Those who respond to this question are unlikely to be representative of the general population for two reasons.

First, listeners to the show are unlikely to be representative of the general population, as they are likely to share theviews of the radio show host, and may not represent a wide spectrum of views. Second, those listeners who respondvoluntarily to the question are likely to be those who feel the most strongly about the issue. Their views are unlikely tobe representative of all listeners to the show let alone of the general population.

14) A15) D16) A17) A18) E19) A20) B21) D22) B23) Statistics24) C25) A



Chapter 1 Exam B

Name___________________________________


Provide an appropriate response.1) A radio show host asks listeners whether they believe that human activity is altering the

global climate. Of those calling in, only 20% responded by saying yes. Is it safe to inferthat only 20% of the general population believes that human activity is altering the globalclimate?

1)

2) Define the terms population and sample. 2)

3) Last year, 25% of students at a certain college smoked regularly. A researcher wants todetermine whether an anti-smoking campaign was effective in reducing smoking at thecollege. If the proportion of students smoking regularly were still 25%, would it besurprising to find that only 15% of students smoked in a sample of size 20? in a sample ofsize 200? In either case would it be reasonable to assume that there had been a decrease inthe proportion of students smoking regularly?

3)


4) In a survey of students at a certain college, 677 students were asked whether they believed in lifeafter death and whether they believed in reincarnation. The results are summarized in the tablebelow.

Frequency Distribution

Response

Reincarnation (Column Percent, Number of cases)

Life After Death (Column Percent, Number of cases)

Yes, Definitely 9.5%, 64 37.7%, 255Yes, Probably 19.9%, 135 31.0%, 210No, Probably Not 43.0%, 291 19.2%, 130No, Definitely Not 27.6%, 187 12.1%, 82Column Total 100.0%, 677 100.0%, 677

How does the percentage of ʺyes, definitelyʺ responses for life after death compare with thepercentage of ʺyes, definitelyʺ responses for reincarnation?

A) The percentage who responded ʺyes, definitelyʺ when asked whether they believed in lifeafter death (37.7%) was slightly higher than the percentage who responded ʺyes, definitelyʺwhen asked whether the believed in reincarnation (31.0%).

B) The percentage who responded ʺyes, definitelyʺ when asked whether they believed in lifeafter death (255%) was roughly four times the percentage who responded ʺyes, definitelyʺwhen asked whether the believed in reincarnation (64%).

C) The percentage who responded ʺyes, definitelyʺ when asked whether they believed in lifeafter death (19.9%) was roughly twice the percentage who responded ʺyes, definitelyʺ whenasked whether the believed in reincarnation (9.5%).

D) The percentage who responded ʺyes, definitelyʺ when asked whether they believed in lifeafter death (37.7%) was roughly four times the percentage who responded ʺyes, definitelyʺwhen asked whether the believed in reincarnation (9.5%).

4)




5) What is statistics? 5)


6) A recent poll asked 1,245 registered voters, ʺWhich party do you think can do a better job ofhandling immigration issues?ʺ 31% of the respondents answered ʺRepublicans.ʺ With a margin oferror of ±3%, it is estimated that between 28 and 34 percent of registered voters nationwide feelthat the Republican party can do a better job of handling immigration issues. Does the proportionof the sample answering ʺRepublicanʺ refer to a statistic or a parameter?

A) statistic B) parameter

6)

7) A study is conducted on a group of 10,000 high school students nationwide. Each week for aperiod of 13 weeks, participants must take an unannounced urine analysis to screen for illegaldrug use. Identify the subjects of the study.

A) the urine analysis testB) researchersC) 13 weeksD) high school studentsE) illegal drugs detected by urine analysis

7)

Determine whether the summary measure is better described as a parameter or a statistic.8) The average GPA of a universityʹs graduating class

A) Statistic B) Parameter8)

Select the most appropriate answer.9) In a survey, 71% of 1052 adults polled nationwide answered ʺYesʺ to the question ʺDo you believe

the theory that increased carbon dioxide and other gases released into the atmosphere will, ifunchecked, lead to global warming and an increase in average temperatures?ʺ The predictedproportion of all American adults who would respond ʺYesʺ to the question is an example of

A) a parameterB) the populationC) a statisticD) the sampleE) random sampling

9)

10) In a survey, 71% of 1052 adults polled answered ʺYesʺ to the question ʺDo you believe the theorythat increased carbon dioxide and other gases released into the atmosphere will, if unchecked, leadto global warming and an increase in average temperatures?ʺ The sample consists of

A) the proportion of adults polled who responded ʺYesʺ to the questionB) the proportion of American adults who are predicted to respond ʺYesʺ to the questionC) all American adultsD) 71% of American adultsE) the 1052 polled adults

10)

11) Making decisions and predictions based on the data refers to which aspect of statistics?A) None of theseB) InferenceC) SamplingD) DesignE) Description

11)



12) The following statement refers to which aspect of a statistical study: ʺFrom past figures, it ispredicted that 47% of the registered voters in Virginia will vote in the June primaryʺ?

A) Inference B) Description C) Design

12)

13) In a survey, 71% of 1052 adults polled answered ʺYesʺ to the question ʺDo you believe the theorythat increased carbon dioxide and other gases released into the atmosphere will, if unchecked, leadto global warming and an increase in average temperatures?ʺ The 71% responding ʺYesʺ to thequestion is an example of

A) a parameterB) a statisticC) the sampleD) the populationE) random sampling

13)

14) A survey asks ʺwould you like to see more or less government spending on natural disasters?ʺ Ofthe 1496 respondents, 723 responded ʺmoreʺ or ʺmuch moreʺ. The sample consists of

A) the 1496 respondentsB) the 723 respondents who responded ʺmoreʺ or ʺmuch moreʺC) the proportion of American adults estimated to respond ʺmoreʺ or ʺmuch moreʺD) the proportion of respondents who responded ʺmoreʺ or ʺmuch moreʺE) all American adults

14)

15) The following statement refers to which aspect of a statistical study: ʺBased on previous clients, amarriage counselor concludes that the majority of marriages that begin with cohabitation beforemarriage will result in divorceʺ?

A) Design B) Inference C) Description

15)

16) A manufacturer of cellular phones has decided that an assembly line is operating satisfactorily ifless than 6% of the phones manufactured per day are defective. To check the quality of a dayʹsproduction, the company decides to randomly sample 30 phones from a dayʹs production and testfor defects. Define the sample of interest to the manufacturer.

A) the 30 cellular phones that were sampled and testedB) all defective cellular phones manufactured by the companyC) the 6% of the cellular phones that were defectiveD) the 30 responses: defective or not defectiveE) all cellular phones manufactured during the day in question

16)

17) The following statement refers to which aspect of a statistical study: ʺBased on a study of 25hospitals nationwide, researchers have concluded that there is a relationship between smokingcigarettes and contracting emphysemaʺ?

A) Inference B) Description C) Design

17)


Fill in the blank.18) A ____________________ is a numerical summary of the population; while a

____________________ is a numerical summary of the sample.18)

19) The basis of ____________________ is that each subject in the population has the samechance of being in the sample.

19)



20) _____________________ is the art and science of learning from data. 20)


Answer true or false.21) A lobbyist for a major airspace firm assigns a number to each legislator and then uses a computer

to randomly generate ten numbers. The lobbyist contacts the legislators corresponding to thesenumbers. This technique produces a random sample.

A) True B) False

21)

22) Inferential statistics are used when data are available only for a sample; however, descriptivestatistics are used when data are available for either a sample or a population.

A) True B) False

22)

23) In a recent television survey, participants were asked to answer ʺyesʺ or ʺnoʺ to the question ʺAreyou in favor of the death penalty?ʺ. Six thousand five hundred responded ʺyesʺ while 3700responded ʺnoʺ. There was a fifty-cent charge for the call. The sampling technique used producesa random sample.

A) True B) False

23)

24) A lobbyist for a major airspace firm wants to get the opinion of state legislators on an issue ofimportance to his industry. The lobbyist contacts 10 state legislators at a restaurant during a lunchbreak and each one is polled about the issue. This technique produces a random sample.

A) False B) True

24)

The owners of a coffee shop conducted a taste test to determine whether its customers preferred a new coffee brand tothe current one sold by the shop. Customers who were willing to participate were given small samples of each of thetwo brands in random order and were asked to select which one they preferred without knowing the brand. Of the 100participating customers, 90% chose the new brand. Based on these results, the owners determined that a majority oftheir customers preferred the new brand and therefore switched their coffee supplier.

25) Predicting the preference of all of the coffee shop customers based on the taste test results refers towhich aspect of statistics?

A) InferenceB) DesignC) None of theseD) DescriptionE) Investigation

25)



Answer KeyTestname: CHAPTER_1_EXAM_B

1) No. Those who respond to this question are unlikely to be representative of the general population for two reasons.First, listeners to the show are unlikely to be representative of the general population, as they are likely to share theviews of the radio show host, and may not represent a wide spectrum of views. Second, those listeners who respondvoluntarily to the question are likely to be those who feel the most strongly about the issue. Their views are unlikely tobe representative of all listeners to the show let alone of the general population.

2) The population is the total set of subjects in which we are interested. A sample is the subset of the population forwhom we have data.

3) No, it would not be surprising to find that only 15% of students smoked in a sample of size 20. When the sample sizeis small, there is a lot of variability in the sample proportions and a sample proportion can easily lie far from thepopulation proportion. In this case, it would not be reasonable to assume that there had been a decrease in theproportion of students smoking regularly.Yes, it would be surprising to find that only 15% of students smoked in a sample of size 200. When the sample size islarge, the sample proportions tend to lie closer to the population proportion. If the proportion of students smokingregularly were still 25%, it would be surprising to find that only 15% of students smoked in a sample of size 200. Inthis case, it would be reasonable to assume that there had been a decrease in the proportion of students smokingregularly.

4) D5) Statistics is the art and science of learning from data.6) A7) D8) B9) A10) C11) B12) A13) B14) A15) B16) A17) A18) parameter; statistic19) random sampling20) Statistics21) A22) A23) B24) A25) A



Chapter 2 Exam A

Name___________________________________


The heights (in inches) of 30 adult males are listed below. A frequency distribution show the frequency and relativefrequency using five classes.

70 72 71 70 69 73 69 68 70 7167 71 70 74 69 68 71 71 71 7269 71 68 67 73 74 70 71 69 68

Height (in inches) Frequency Relative Frequency67.0-68.4 6 0.2068.5-69.9 5 0.16770.0-71.4 13 0.43371.5-72.9 2 0.06773.0-74.4 4 0.133

1) Which category of heights represents the mode?A) 67.0-68.4 B) 71.5-72.9 C) 73.0-74.4 D) 70.0-71.4 E) 68.5-69.9

1)

2) What proportion of the 30 adult males had heights less than 70 inches?A) 0.367 B) 0.167 C) 36.7 D) 16.7% E) 0.433

2)


Provide an appropriate response.3) A recent survey investigated exposure to tobacco and alcohol use in a series of G-rated

animated films. Data on the total tobacco exposure time (in seconds) is below.

223 176 548 37 158 51 299 37 11165 74 9 2 6 23 206 9

Find the Five-Number Summary of Positions.

3)


4) SAT verbal scores are normally distributed with a mean of 433 and a standard deviation of 90. Usethe Empirical Rule to determine what percent of the scores lie between 433 and 523.

A) 68% B) 47.5% C) 34% D) 49.9% E) 51%

4)




5) The following data represent the number of grams of fat in various breakfast foods.

Breakfast Food Fat (in grams)Muffin and egg sandwich 12Muffin, egg, and ham sandwich 22Muffin, egg, and bacon sandwich 27Muffin and sausage sandwich 22Bagel, egg, and ham sandwich 25Bagel, egg, and bacon sandwich 30Bagel, egg, and sausage sandwich 32Bagel, egg, sausage, and cheese sandwich 37Bagel, egg, ham, and cheese sandwich 27Bagel, egg, bacon, and cheese sandwich 31Bagel 11Pancakes platter 16Pancakes and eggs platter 21Pancakes, eggs, and bacon platter 32Yogurt 2

Construct a dot plot for these data.

5)


6) Parking at a large university has become a major issue. University administrators would like todetermine the average time it takes a student to find a parking spot in a university lot. Studentswho are willing to participate in the study were asked to record the time between entering campusand pulling into a parking spot. Which of the following would not be appropriate for displayingthe parking time data?

A) Box plotB) Stem-and-leaf plotC) None of these should be used.D) Pie chartE) Histogram

6)



7) Twenty-four workers were surveyed and asked how long it takes them to travel to work each day.The data below are given in minutes.

20 35 42 52 65 20 60 49 24 37 23 24 22 20 41 25 28 27 50 47 58 30 32 48

Which of the following shows the data in a stem-and-leaf plot?A)

23456

0 0 0 0 2 3 4 4 5 7 8 0 2 5 7 1 2 7 8 9 0 2 8 0 5

B)

23456

0 0 0 2 3 4 4 5 7 8 0 2 5 7 1 2 7 8 9 0 2 8 0 5

C)

23456

0 0 0 2 3 4 4 5 7 0 2 5 7 8 1 2 7 8 9 0 2 8 0 5

D)

23456

0 0 2 3 4 4 5 7 8 0 2 5 7 1 2 7 8 9 0 2 8 0 5

E)

23456

0 0 0 2 3 4 4 5 7 8 0 2 5 7 1 2 7 8 9 0 2 8 0

7)




8) The following frequency histogram provides average SO2 (sulfur dioxide) emission ratesfrom utility and industrial boilers (lb/million Btu) for 47 states (data for Idaho, Alaska, andHawaii omitted).

a. Identify the intervals of emission rates used for the plot.b. Describe the shape of the distribution.c. What information can you get from the dot plot or stem-and-leaf plot of these datathat you

cannot get from this plot?d. This histogram shows frequencies. If you were to construct a histogram using thepercentages

for each interval, how (if at all) would the shape of this histogram change?

8)

9) The table below summarizes total enrollment and female enrollment at a pilot trainingcollege for the years 2005 through 2012. The table has been used to construct two differentgraphs displayed below the table. Summarize the information that is available from eachof the graphs and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each graph.

Enrollment at Pilot Training College Year Total Number

of Students Number of Female Students

2005 283 202006 275 222007 265 222008 258 242009 252 252010 248 252011

245

27

2012

242

28

9)



Enrollment at Pilot Training College

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

300

250

200

150

100

50

Years Since 2004

Num

ber o

f Stu

dent

s

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

300

250

200

150

100

50

Years Since 2004

Num

ber o

f Stu

dent

s- - - - Total enrollment

Female enrollment

Female Enrollment as Percentage of Total Enrollment at Pilot Training College

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

12

10

8

6

4

2

Years Since 2004

Perc

enta

ge F

emal

e En

rollm

ent

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

12

10

8

6

4

2

Years Since 2004

Perc

enta

ge F

emal

e En

rollm

ent

10) A sample of 324 randomly selected doctors was asked to indicate the category that bestdescribed how often they used the Internet. The results follow.

Internet Usage Pattern CountNever 31Rarely (about 3 times per year) 15Occasionally (about once a month) 52Often (about once a week) 109Daily 117

a. Construct a pie chart for these data.b. In creating a bar graph of these data, would it be more useful to list the patterns asgiven in the table above or in the order of a Pareto chart?

10)




11) Brandon kept track of the number of hours he spent exercising each week for four months. Theresults are shown below. Find the mean number of hours Brandon spent exercising per week.Round your answer to two decimal places.

7.50 8.20 7.10 7.90 8.00 7.507.80 7.10 7.30 7.50 7.90 8.907.10 8.20 8.20 8.20 8.00 7.80

A) 7.30 B) 8.25 C) 8.01 D) 7.38 E) 7.79

11)

12) Each year advertisers spend billions of dollars purchasing commercial time on network sportstelevision. A recent article listed the top 10 leading spenders (in millions of dollars) over a 6 monthperiod:

Company A $72.0 Company F $26.9Company B 63.1 Company G 25.0Company C 54.7 Company H 23.9Company D 54.3 Company I 23.0Company E 29.0 Company J 20.0

Which of the following graphs would not be appropriate for displaying this data?A) Pie chartB) Stem-and-leaf plotC) None of these should be used.D) HistogramE) Dot plot

12)

13) A safety engineer wishes to use the following data to show the number of deaths in a year from thecollision of passenger cars with trucks on a particular highway.

Year Number of Deaths1 122 173 224 215 166 137 118 12

What is the mode of the number of deaths?A) 13 B) 12 C) 16 D) 15.5 E) 22

13)

14) Use the following summary information for a data set of 100 observations to determine whetherthe data set is likely to be bell-shaped, skewed to the right or skewed to the left.

Mean = 120, s=22, Minimum=103, Maximum=170A) unable to determine from the information givenB) skewed to the leftC) skewed to the rightD) bell-shaped

14)




15) The table below shows the unemployment rate in one city from 2003 to 2012.

Year 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012UnemploymentRate (Percent) 5.90 5.78 5.45 5.28 5.06 4.88 4.80 4.63 4.44 4.24

a. Construct a time plot for these data.b. Is there a trend? If so, what kind?c. Would a histogram more clearly describe the above dataset? Explain.

15)


16) Use the following summary information for a data set of 100 observations to determine whetherthe data set is likely to be bell-shaped, skewed to the right or skewed to the left.

Mean = 120, s=22, Minimum=37, Maximum=136A) skewed to the rightB) skewed to the leftC) bell-shapedD) unable to determine from the information given

16)

17) The following is a time plot of wine exports (in millions of gallons) in a certain country for the past15 years. Is there a trend evident in the data?

A) no trend evident B) yes, decreasing trend C) yes, increasing trend

17)



A sample of fifty motorists was taken on a Federal highway where the speed limit was 60 miles per hour. A dot plot oftheir speeds is shown below.

18) What is the mode for speed?A) 55B) 70C) 60D) none of theseE) 7

18)

19) What proportion of the motorists were speeding?A) 2 B) 0.72 C) 0.18 D) 0.22 E) 0.04

19)

Select the most appropriate answer.20) Which of the following is a discrete variable?

A) weight of a newborn babyB) number of phones per householdC) time it takes to drive to workD) amount of coffee in an 8-ounce cupE) none of these

20)

Answer true or false.21) Bar graphs and pie charts are graphical methods that are often used in summarizing quantitative

data.A) True B) False

21)


Fill in the blank.22) A variable is called ____________________ if each observation belongs to one of a set of

categories.22)

23) The ____________________ is the balance point of the data values; while, the_____________________ is the midpoint of the ordered data values.

23)




A sporting goods retailer conducted a customer survey to determine its customers primary reason for shopping at theirstore. The results are shown in the graph below.

24) Is the variable ʺreason for shopping at our storeʺ categorical or quantitative?A) Categorical B) Quantitative

24)

The following data show the number of laps run by each participant in a timed running race:

46 65 55 43 51 48 57 30 43 49 32 56

25) If the stems are 3, 4, 5 and 6, how many leaves are on the ʺ4 stemʺ?A) 1 B) 0 C) 5 D) 4

25)




1) D2) A3) minimum = 2 seconds, Q1 = 10 seconds, median = 51 seconds, Q3 = 191 seconds, and maximum = 548 seconds4) C5)

6) D7) B8) a. 0 to 0.49, 0.5 to 0.99, 1.0 to 1.49, 1.5 to 1.99, 2.0 to 2.49, 2.5 to 2.99, 3.0 to 3.49, 3.5 to 3.99, 4.0 to 4.49, 4.5 to 4.99; b. The

distribution is skewed to the right. c. You can get the actual data values from a dot plot or stem-and-leaf plot. d. Theshape would not change.

9) The first graph shows the total numbers of students for each year as well as the number of female students. We cansee the downward trend in overall enrollment, the slight upward trend in female enrollment and that femaleenrollment is small relative to total enrollment. However, with both total enrollment and female enrollment on the same graph, since female enrollment is smallrelative to total enrollment, the scale is not suitable for female enrollment and the upward trend in female enrollmentis not very clear.

Since both total enrollment and female enrollment are varying with time, the second graph which shows femaleenrollment as a percentage of total enrollment may be more useful. It is clear from this graph that as a percentage oftotal enrollment, female enrollment is increasing significantly. However, this graph gives no indication of the absolutenumber of students (overall or female) and without reference to the first graph, we cannot know whether thepercentage female enrollment is increasing because female enrollment is increasing, because male enrollment isdecreasing, or both.




10) a.

b. Since the categories of Internet usage pattern have a natural order from never to daily, it makes more sense to leave the categories in this natural order ratherthan ordering them from the tallest bar to the shortest bar.

11) E12) A13) B14) C15) a. Unemployment Rate 2003-2012

UnemploymentRate (Percent)

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Year

b. There

is a clear

decreasing

trend

over

time;

c. No,

a histogram

would

not depict

the trend

in this

dataset.




16) B17) C18) A19) C20) B21) B22) categorical23) mean; median24) A25) C



Chapter 2 Exam B

Name___________________________________


Provide an appropriate response.1) The following frequency histogram provides average SO2 (sulfur dioxide) emission rates

from utility and industrial boilers (lb/million Btu) for 47 states (data for Idaho, Alaska, andHawaii omitted).

a. Identify the intervals of emission rates used for the plot.b. Describe the shape of the distribution.c. What information can you get from the dot plot or stem-and-leaf plot of these datathat you

cannot get from this plot?d. This histogram shows frequencies. If you were to construct a histogram using thepercentages

for each interval, how (if at all) would the shape of this histogram change?

1)



alan agresti christine franklin - test bank...

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