Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental Sciences

Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey USA

robock@envsci.rutgers.edu

http://envsci.rutgers.edu/~robock

Climate Dynamics11:670:461

Lecture 5, 9/19/13

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

SciencesFig. 3.3

SST on the Equator (K)

(Hovmöller diagram)

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

Sciences

Surface temperatures DJF 1987/88 El Niño (K)

(b) Surface temperature anomalies DJF 1987/88 El Niño (K)

Niño3.4 region

Fig. 3.4

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

Sciences

Surface temperatures DJF 1998/99 La Niña (K)

(b) Surface temperature anomalies DJF 1998/99 La Niña (K)

Fig. 3.5

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

SciencesFig. 3.6

Niño3.4 anomalies with respect to 1971-2000 mean

11-month running mean

11-month running mean

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

Sciences

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

Sciences

Fig. 3.8

Climatology DJF 900 mb

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

SciencesFig. 3.9

NAO

AO

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

SciencesFig. 3.10

Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

SciencesFig. 3.11

Sahel precipitation, July-September

10ºW-10ºE, 11ºN-16ºN

http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/environment-book/Images/sahel.jpg

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

Sciences

http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v3/Fig.A2.pdf

Recovery from volcanic eruptions

dominates

Tropospheric

aerosols mask warming(global

dimming)

Greenhouse gases

dominate

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

Sciences

Temperature index change (with the base period 1951-1980) since 1950 at seasonal resolution, for the globe (upper line) and for low latitudes (lower line). [This is an update of Figure 7 in Hansen et al. (1999).] Green triangles mark large volcanic eruptions. SST at Nino 3.4 is the 12-month running mean.

http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v3/Fig.E.pdf

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

Sciences

Mann et al.

(1999)

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

Sciences

Figure 19: Northern Hemisphere reconstructed temperature change since 200 AD

Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental

SciencesFrom IPCC AR4 Technical Summary