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EBU TECHNICAL

Beyond HD TV

Dr Hans Hoffmann

Head of Media Fundamentals

and Production Technology

EBU TECHNICAL - your reference in media technology and innovation

Agenda

Market drivers and media landscape

Beyond HD

The 6 parameters to play with……

The broadcast ecosystem – production and distribution

Where fits 1080p/50 into Beyond HD discussion

Summary


Market drivers

• Consumer industry seeks to sell new displays

• TV programmes via new IP distribution media

• BeyondHD as a marketing vehicle

• Traditional delivery technology runs short

• Consumers are increasingly accustomed to high

quality electronic pictures

• Games

• Tablets

• 4k Cinema


What characterises “Beyond HD TV”?

“New and enhanced (significantly?)

Audio-visual experience with more

realistic perception of the reality

than we can achieve with HDTV.”

Immediate questions:

• What creates the WOW effect?

• What is the target audience and environment?

• Considerations – the ecosystem from capture to

consumption

• What are the time schedule for introduction scenarios

• Financial feasible and consumer interest


The staircase to quality heaven...

1990s 2004 ….2016…. 2011 …202x

DIGITAL

Standard TV 625 –lines

Legacy HDTV 1080i/25 & 720p50

Stereo 3DTV

two ½ HD images

Transition

analogue to digital

Transition

SDTV to HDTV

HD

Master

Format 1080p/50

Progressive

3DTV

Two normal

HDTV images

Transition

to 1080p/50

(full HD) 4k

Progressive

Higher Frame

rate?

More colours?

3DTV

Two normal

HDTV images

4k

(quad HD)

8k Ultra HDTV Progressive

Higher Frame rate?

More colours? Higher Contrast?

3DTV Multiview

8k (16 x HD)

Imm

ers

ive Q

ualit

y


“What was HD again?”

• Spatial and temporal dimensions

• Spatial resolution: 1920x1080

• Temporal resolution: 24…60 Hz

• Scanning: interlaced and progressive

• Aspect ratio: 16x9

• Sampling and coding (8/10 bit); RGB, YCrCb….) and filter

• Opto-electronic conversion

• Chromaticity coordinates (CIE 1931)

• Primaries for R, G, B, white point

• Full chain from camera to consumer designed according to

these parameters incl. interfaces, compression, systems.

ITU-R BT.709-5 and SMPTE 274: Parameter values for the HDTV standards for production and

international programme exchange


Some first parameters to consider for

Beyond HD………..

Horizontal resolution

Vertical resolution

Temporal resolution

1920

1080

progressive

60p, 120p…. But there is more…….


“The big 6” parameters to play with……

• Spatial resolution

• How much resolution?

• Temporal resolution

• How much frame rate? What are the psycho-visual implications/advantages

• What is the dependency between increasing spatial res. and temporal res.?

• (HFR for TV people is >60p)

• Colorimetry

• More realistic colours and better coding gain

• Bit-depth

• 10, 12, 16, and full range coding

• Dynamic Range

• Higher dynamic range HDR (more realistic perception between the brightest

and darkest elements in a scene)

• Attention: bit-depth does NOT tell you about the HDR

• Aspect Ratio (16:9, 21:9……..)

What values and combination of these parameters are required?


Spatial resolution

Conditions to achieve BeyondHD viewing

•Wider viewing angle than HD (>30°)

•Either closer to screen or bigger screen

•=> More resolution required

•=> What aspect ratio?

http://www.hdlandblog.com/2011/08/ifa-2011-8k-85-sharp-nhk.html

85’’

7680 x 4320 pixels

300 cd/m2

10 bits


Viewing angle – ITU-R 1769


More frames – what is the issue (BBC WHP 209)

• Motion portrayal for TV genre

(sport)

• Increasing spatial resolution

seems to call for an increase

of frame rate too!


More frames – what is the issue (BBC WHP 209)


Creation Production Encoder Distribution Decoder Interfacing Display

Higher Frame Rate TV chain (>60p)

No production or distribution or

home infrastructure for

HFR >60p

Cameras Displays


Creation Production Encoder Distribution Decoder Interfacing Display

Sat.

DTT?

Cable?

IP!

Distribution

HEVC

(promise up to 50 % saving

compared to H.264)

Display

Display

Camcorder

IP streaming

But single link

HDMI needed

Infrastructure

“Some” first Infrastructures

Multilink 3G-SDI

SMPTE 10 Gbit/s

SMPTE 25 Gbit/s

STB

Decoder

New STB

Sig. Process.

Compression

Signal Processing

Some

studio

Compression

4k TV chain at TV frame rates (50-60p)


Is 1080p/50 Beyond HD?

1080p/50 is rather an evolutionary format

- next investment cycle in production, maybe distribution

- all standards are available,

- products appear over time.


What should be done about 4K TV?

• Address the technology gaps in the chain • Think about premium productions being shot in 4k

• 4k quality in the archives is more ‘future proof’

• 4k mainstream TV production chains are not available today

• 1080p/50-60 may be an intermediate solution

• New 4K consumer displays are on their way • Good 1080p/50-60 content on a 4k home display doesn’t look

bad……..

• Transition to 1080p/50-60 in distribution maybe a step one


4k-8k: What standards do we have so far?

Recommendation ITU-R BT.1769 - Parameters values for an expanded

hierarchy of LSDI image formats for production and international

programme exchange (under rev)

ST 2036-1:2009 Ultra High Definition Television - Image Parameter

Values for Program Production

ST 2036-2:2008 Ultra High Definition Television - Audio Characteristics

and Audio Channel Mapping for Program Production

ST 2036-3:2010 Ultra High Definition Television - Mapping into Single-

link or Multi-link 10 Gbit/s Serial Signal / Data Interface

Multilink 3G-SDI…..

In SMPTE 25 Gbits/s working efforts

In MPEG: HEVC initiative

EBU Project BeyondHD


What we need is……

• $$$

• Long breath……this takes a while.

• Good analysis about the value chain from creation to

consumer (what is there , what is missing)

• Some good research work

• For example:

8k/4k creation, 1080p/50 distribution, 4k-display

versus

Full 4k chain

Oversampling principle? What bit-rates?


Did we forget something on BeyondHD?

• Improvements in 2D will

have positive impact for 3D


Summary “Beyond HD”

• Beyond HD is a long term development

• Many parameters can determine the immersive

experience

• What is feasible for TV and how fast will the consumer

industry push new screens?

• Few open standards for infrastructures in the

professional space and distribution are available today

• Digital Cinema will impact broadcasters

• New standards are needed, participate now (or don’t

complain later)

• We should not forget: the benchmark is a significant

improved audiovisual consumer experience.

EBU TECHNICAL

[email protected]


Definition HDTV

ITU-R BT. 709:

„ A high definition system is a system designed to allow

viewing at about three times the picture height, such that the

system is virtually, or nearly, transparent to the quality or

portrayal that would have been perceived in the original scene

or performance by a discerning viewer with normal visual acuity.“

3h viewing distance

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