alexander’s empire chapter 10.3. phillip ii of macedonia macedonia was a country north of greece
TRANSCRIPT
Alexander’s Empire
Chapter 10.3
Phillip II of Macedonia
• Macedonia was a country north of Greece
Macedonia was an agricultural civilizationBecame strong kingdom under King Phillip II
Conquering Greece
Conquering Greece
• Philip planned to unite the Greek city-states
• Trained to fight like the Greeks
• Greek city-states were weak from Peloponnesian War
• By the time the Greeks tried to unite, it was too late.
• Philip defeated the Greeks at Chaeronea
Alexander Takes Over
• Philip hoped to lead the Greeks and Macedonians to war against the Persian Empire
• Before he could carry out plan, Philip was killed
• His son Alexander became king at age 20
War with PersiaWar with Persia
Alexander had40,000 soldiersStrong cavalryDefeated the Persians
Alexander’ Empire
• After he conquered Persia, he did not STOP
• March into India
• Soldiers refused to go further
• Alexander led them home
• He died in Babylon at 32 years old
Alexander’s Empire
Alexander’s Legacy
• Alexander the Great spread Greek language, ideas, art, and architecture throughout Southwest Asia and Egypt
Hellenistic Era
• The Hellenistic Era refers to when Greek culture spread to the non-Greek peoples that Alexander had conquered
• Hellenistic means “like the Greeks”
A Divided Empire
• Alexander’s Empire divided into 4 kingdoms
• Macedonia, Pergamum, Egypt, and Seleucid
The Hellenistic Kings
• Hellenistic kings had to speak Greek
• Preferred to give jobs to Greeks and Macedonians
• Created new cities and military posts
• Spread Greek Culture into Egypt and India
Alexandria, Egypt
• Largest city in Mediterranean world
• 2 harbors• Towering
lighthouse• The library at
Alexandria had the largest collection of writings in ancient times