alison van eenennaam, ph.d. · ‘will lead to abnormal outcomes’ ... genetic. animal...
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Animal Biotechnology
How, What and Why?
Alison Van Eenennaam, Ph.D. Cooperative Extension Specialist
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics UC Davis
http://animalscience.ucdavis.edu/animalbiotech/ Vallejo 5/30/2013
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Animal Breeding – selection of dog breeds
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
What is Biotechnology ?
Biotechnology - The
application of science and engineering to living organisms.
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Animal biotechnology
Artificial selection (breeding programs)
How do farmers make their selection decisions – which bull to use?
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Holstein - Dairy
Angus - Beef
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Animal biotechnology
Artificial selection (breeding programs)
Artificial Insemination
Cloning
Genetic engineering
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Have I ever eaten a clone? YES
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
What is a clone ?
Cloning, in horticulture and biology, any organism whose genetic information is identical to that of a "mother organism" from which it was created.
Food from clones has been a part of our diet for years. Many common fruits (e.g., pears, apples, oranges and lemons) and several vegetables (e.g., potatoes and truffles) are clones.
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
What about cloned animals?
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Cloning by “natural reproduction” (monozygotic twins)
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Cloning by embryo splitting – has been done for 20 years
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Dolly the first adult cell cloned
(1996)
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Cloning by Nuclear Transfer at Cloning by Nuclear Transfer at
Tissue biopsy is taken from donor cow, Daisy
Donor cells are grown in tissue culture
Donor cell nucleus is transferred to recipient egg
Cloned embryo is transferred to surrogate mother
Pregnancy is monitored by ultrasound
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The two cloned calves,
Dot and Ditto, on
display at the State Fair, were born May 2003
Cloning by Nuclear Transfer at Cloning by Nuclear Transfer at
Tissue biopsy is taken from donor cow, Daisy
Donor cells are grown in tissue culture
Donor cell nucleus is transferred to recipient egg
Cloned embryo is transferred to surrogate mother
Pregnancy is monitored by ultrasound
Em
bry
o T
ran
sfe
r La
bo
rato
ryE
mb
ryo
Tra
nsfe
r La
bo
rato
ry UCUCDAVISDAVISCloning by Nuclear Transfer at Cloning by Nuclear Transfer at
Tissue biopsy is taken from donor cow, Daisy
Donor cells are grown in tissue cultureDonor cells are grown in tissue culture
Donor cell nucleus is transferred to recipient egg
Donor cell nucleus is transferred to recipient egg
Cloned embryo is transferred to surrogate mother
Cloned embryo is transferred to surrogate mother
Pregnancy is monitored by ultrasoundPregnancy is monitored by ultrasoundPregnancy is monitored by ultrasound
Em
bry
o T
ran
sfe
r La
bo
rato
ryE
mb
ryo
Tra
nsfe
r La
bo
rato
ry UCUCDAVISDAVIS
The two cloned calves,
Dot and Ditto, on
display at the State Fair, were born May 2003
Cloning by “Nuclear Transfer”
(take nucleus and transfer it)
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Many animal species have been since been cloned from adult cells
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Regancrest Emory Derry died unexpectedly.
Who’s Buying? $20,000
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
•Full Flush
Unable to supply market demand for his semen
Who’s Buying?
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Specialty Cattle Producers
Starlight: record 77 inches ‘tip to tip’
Who’s Buying?
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
What’s up in the blogosphere ?
Posted by clerkenwellman “To whom or what is it important that an animal is cloned? The animal? I think not. To the consumer? I can't see how; a pig is a pig for all that.”
Posted by lks1
“Let consumers decide whether they want to eat cloned/GM foods.”
Posted by peteswordz
“If you don't want cloned meat, don't eat it..”
http://www.blogs.telegraph.co.uk
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Shift gears to Genetic Engineering
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
What is DNA ? GENOME
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
World Record 97 lb 4 oz. chinook salmon
(Les Anderson, Kenai River, AK 1985)
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education 18 month old salmon
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Web spinning goats
BioSteel could be used for: Medical sutures Biodegradable fishing lines Soft body armor Artificial ligaments Improved airbags
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Genetically engineered fish and cloned cats – oh my...
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Interfering with the integrity or telos of an animal
‘will lead to abnormal outcomes’
‘man is playing God’
‘will cause economic disaster’
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Genetic
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
10
20
30
50
FIVE
QUESTIONS
GENETIC JEOPARDY
40
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
ANSWER 1
It is the application of
science and engineering to
living organisms
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
What is biotechnology ?
QUESTION 1
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
ANSWER 2
It is the dairy cow
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
QUESTION 2
What is the black and white
cow (Holstein breed) ?
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
ANSWER 3
It is the process of making a
genetically identical copy of
an individual.
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
QUESTION 3
What is cloning ?
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
ANSWER 4
It is the name for all of the
DNA in each cell of an
organism.
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
QUESTION 4
What is the genome ?
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
ANSWER 5
She was the first animal
cloned from an adult cell.
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
QUESTION 5
Who was Dolly (the sheep) ?
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
FINAL JEOPARDY
It is a linear molecule that is
shaped like a double helix and it is made up of pairs of
nucleotides
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
FINAL JEOPARDY
What is DNA ?
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education