ALKALINE EARTH METALS

By: Karlie Vogt, Todd Burkharts, Jonny Huang

Elements

History/discovery On the Periodic table, the group consists of beryllium, magnesium,

calcium, strontium, barium, and radium.

It was originally named Group IIA (pronounced group “two A”)

The group is named after their oxide (Alkaline Earth) whose old-fashioned names were beryllia, magnesia, lime, strontia and baryta.

All the Alkaline Earth Metals are found on the earths crust, but not as their element form.

Antoine Lavoisier was the one to state that this group was not elements but they are compounds.

Humphry Davy became the first to obtain samples of the metal by electrolysis.

Common Reactions The alkaline earth metals, like the alkali metals, are too

reactive to be found in nature except as their compounds

Alkaline Earth Metals are good conductors of electricity

The metals are highly reactive with halogens to form salt and water

These metals can be combined with hydrogen to create metallic hydrides, combined with oxygen to create metal oxides, combined with halogens to create metal halides and can be combined with nitrogen, but under extreme circumstances to create high temperature.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B2ZPrg9IVEo

Physical Properties All metals with a shiny, silvery white color harder and more dense than sodium and

potassium Also, these metals have a higher boiling

and melting point than that of the regular alkaline metals

The presence of 2 valence electrons on each atom, which leads to a stronger metallic bonding, is a big reason for these properties

Melting points Beryllium- 1278.0 °C (2332.4 °F) Magnesium-650.0 °C (1202.0 °F) Calcium- 839.0 °C (1542.2 °F) Strontium-769.0 °C (1416.2 °F) Barium-725.0 °C (1337.0 °F) Radium-700.0 °C (1292.0 °F)

Boiling points Beryllium-2970.0 °C (5378.0 °F) Magnesium-1107.0 °C (2024.6 °F) Calcium-1484.0 °C (2703.2 °F) Strontium-1384.0 °C (2523.2 °F) Barium-1140.0 °C (2084.0 °F) Radium-1737.0 °C (3158.6 °F)

Common uses Beryllium is an important application In the

manufacture of alloys because it adds strength

The alloys Magnesium make when mixed with other metals are used to make airplanes+

Calcium is important to all living organisms, it helps the human body function properly

The reaction between radium and uranium help us find the ages of rocks

Strontium compounds can be found in fireworks and flares

Barium is used as a lubricant in well drilling

Chemical Properties Two electrons in the outer shell Low electron affinities Low electro negativities Readily form divalent cations