all about abstractsall abt abstracts dnm
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GB6012 ACADEMIC
WRITING
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DEFINITIONS:
A severe abridgement, which makes a brief summaryf the !rinci!a" ideas r arguments, advanced in a
much "nger wrk# $A Handbook to Literature, %#&ugh &"man, Odyssey 'ress: New (rk, )*+-
A brief, cm!rehensive summary f the cntents fthe artic"e $'ub"icatin .anua" f the American'sych"gica" Assciatin, /thEditin, 0ashingtn,D%, 11)-
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A condensed version or summary of alonger piece of writing that highlightsthe major points covered, concisely
describes the content and scope of thewriting and reviewsthe writingscontents in abbreviated form. (Literacy
Education Online, !!"#
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". $escriptive Abstracts %ell readers what information the
report, article, paper contains
&nclude the purpose, methods, andscope of the report, article, paper
$o not provide results, conclusions, or
recommendations Are always very short, usually under
"!! words
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&ntroduce the subject to readers, whomust then read the report, article, orpaper to 'nd out the authors results,
conclusions, or recommendations
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. &nformative Abstracts ommunicate speci'c information from the
report, article, or paper)thesis &nclude the purpose, methods, and scope of
the written material *rovide the materials results, conclusions, and
recommendations Are short, usually informative abstracts are
"!+ or less of the original wor Allow readers to decide whether they want to
read the report, article, paper)thesis
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Limited length)-o of words
/A0A 123 !!45!! words
A*A -ot more than !! words
Accurate correctly re6ects the purposeand content of thepaper)thesis)manuscript7 contains ey
words7do not include information not inthe body of the paper7 compare withheadings of the paper to verify accuracy
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8elf4contained contains only the necessaryinformation
oncise and speci'c each sentence should
be ma9imally informative especially thelead sentence7 :e brief as possible7 :eginwith the most important information (do notrepeat the title# ; purpose or thesis7 &nclude
only the important concepts, 'ndings,implications7 use the active voice, but notpersonal pronouns
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>eport and not evaluate ; not a criti?ue oherent and readable 1se clear and
vigorous prose7 1se verbs not noun
e?uivalents7 1se present tense to describeresults with continuing applicability orconclusions drawn7 use past tense todescribe speci'c variables manipulated ortests applied7 use third person not the 'rstperson7 Avoid empty , meaninglesssentences e.g.
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>eport of an empirical study shouldcontain
%he problem under investigation, in one
sentence if possible. *articipants or subjects, specifying
pertinent characteristics number, type,age, gender, species, etc
%he e9perimental method, instruments,data4gathering procedures, complete testnames, etc
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%he 'ndings, including statisticalsigni'cance levels
onclusions and implications or
applicationsor case studies, include 8ubject and relevant characteristics of
the individual or organiBation7 nature ofor solution to a problem illustrated by thecase e9ample7 ?uestions raised foradditional research or theory
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". Chat to includeD
Objectives and aims of the study
>esearch design, methodology and
instruments :rief summary of research 'ndings ; a new
theory, assessment, evaluation
. Chat -O% to include
Additional content)comments, corrections orany information not in the te9t of the thesis
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Additional tables, illustrations andreferences
$etails of e9periment, library
search)review, standardprocedures,techni?ues, instruments
>eferences to other parts of the thesis
and bibliographic references
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%hesis written in :3 should havetranslated English version, vice versa.
%he translated version should have a
title. %he title in English should be typed
5!mm from the top edge of the page7single4spacing7 in inverted pyramid style
above the word A:8%>A%. or Arabic language, see details in /A0A
123 manual of style.
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*lease refer to /A0A 123 and selected,
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THANK YOU!
Nooreiny Maarof