all about wines

8/3/2019 All About Wines

1/55

WinesWines


2/55

Wines come from many countries allWines come from many countries all

over the world!over the world!


3/55

Nearly all European countriesNearly all European countries

produce winesproduce wines


4/55

Some of the big producers of wineSome of the big producers of wine

FranceFrance

ItalyItaly

GermanyGermany

PortugalPortugal

United statesUnited states


5/55

Other producersOther producers

SwitzerlandSwitzerland

AustriaAustria

AustraliaAustralia

South AfricaSouth Africa

ChileChile SpainSpain


6/55

All USStates produce and sell winesAll USStates produce and sell wines

CaliforniaCalifornia

New YorkNew York

WashingtonWashington


7/55

Wine discussion is so complexWine discussion is so complex

Regions where wine is producedRegions where wine is produced

Grape varietiesGrape varieties

How to read wine labelHow to read wine label Government regulations ofwineGovernment regulations ofwine

Wine and foodWine and food

Popularwines in restaurant menusPopularwines in restaurant menus

Basic principles in making winesBasic principles in making wines


8/55

Identification of wineIdentification of wine

ProducerProducer

winerywinery

VintageVintage Year in which grapes were picked andYear in which grapes were picked and

Winemakingprocess began for that bottleWinemakingprocess began for that bottle

VarietalVarietal Type of grape usedType of grape used


9/55

Types of wineTypes of wine

Table wineTable wine

Red, white and rose wines (light beverage wines)Red, white and rose wines (light beverage wines)

77--14% alcohol14% alcohol Sparkling (red, pink, white)Sparkling (red, pink, white)

77--14% alcohol + Carbon dioxide14% alcohol + Carbon dioxide

Fortified wine (usually red)Fortified wine (usually red) 1717--22% alcohol22% alcohol


10/55

Red wineRed wine

Hearty, fullHearty, full--bodied, nearly always drybodied, nearly always dry

Color: deep crimson to purple to reddishColor: deep crimson to purple to reddish--

orange or rustorange or rust

Suitable for hearty dishesSuitable for hearty dishes

Not refrigeratedNot refrigerated

Served at cool room temperatureServed at cool room temperature


11/55

Red wineRed wine


12/55

White wineWhite wine

Color: pale straw to bright yellow to goldColor: pale straw to bright yellow to gold

Flavor: very dry to very sweetFlavor: very dry to very sweet

Sweetest white wine are meal endersSweetest white wine are meal enders

Complement fish, veal and pasta in lightComplement fish, veal and pasta in light

saucessauces

Served lightly chilledServed lightly chilled


13/55

White wineWhite wine


14/55

Rose winesRose wines

Also referred to as blush winesAlso referred to as blush wines

Color: pale red, or salmonColor: pale red, or salmon

Lighter than red wines and are like whiteLighter than red wines and are like whitewineswines

Generally fresh and fruity and have aGenerally fresh and fruity and have a

touch of sweetnesstouch of sweetness

For lighter style foodsFor lighter style foods


15/55

TavelTavel best rosebest rose

wine of France,wine of France,

very dry, madevery dry, madefrom Grenachefrom Grenache

grapegrape


16/55

Sparkling winesSparkling wines

Also known as champagneAlso known as champagne

SektSektin Germany,in Germany, SpumanteSpumante in Italyin Italy

Comes in red, white and blushComes in red, white and blush

Methode champenoiseMethode champenoise

Wine of celebrationWine of celebration Complement almost any foodComplement almost any food

Served well chilledServed well chilled


17/55

ChampagneChampagne


18/55

Fortified winesFortified wines

Wine that has extra alcohol or brandyWine that has extra alcohol or brandy

added to itadded to it

Two types:Two types:Aperitif and dessert winesAperitif and dessert wines


19/55

AperitifAperitif

to open, in Latinto open, in Latin

are aromatized (flavored with aromaticare aromatized (flavored with aromatic

herbs and spices)herbs and spices) Stimulate the appetiteStimulate the appetite


20/55

VermouthVermouth

best knownbest known

aromatic winearomatic wine


21/55

DubonnetDubonnet Lillet


22/55

Dessert winesDessert wines

designed to enddesigned to end

mealsmeals

Rich, sweet andRich, sweet and

heavy, imbibed inheavy, imbibed insmall quantities likesmall quantities like

liqueursliqueurs

Ex. Madeira,Ex. Madeira,marsala, angelica,marsala, angelica,

muscatelmuscatel


23/55


24/55


25/55

SakeSake

Japanese beverageJapanese beverage

made from ricemade from rice

1414 16% alcohol16% alcoholcontentcontent


26/55

It starts with the GRAPES..It starts with the GRAPES..


27/55

GRAPESGRAPES

Contains the natural sugar, the fruit, the liquid,Contains the natural sugar, the fruit, the liquid,

the acidity, tanninsthe acidity, tannins

AcidityAcidity

gives taste and balancegives taste and balance

TanninsTannins

give taste (bitter) and longevitygive taste (bitter) and longevity

From skin and stems of grapeFrom skin and stems of grape

The grapes skin comes the color ofwineThe grapes skin comes the color ofwine


28/55

Red grapesRed grapes

Red wineRed wine

grapes crushed and fermented alonggrapes crushed and fermented along

with their skin and stemswith their skin and stems Rose winesRose wines

skin has limited contact with the juiceskin has limited contact with the juice


29/55

White grapesWhite grapes

Fermented without their skin onFermented without their skin on

Lighter in color and flavorLighter in color and flavor

White wine can also be made from redWhite wine can also be made from redgrapesgrapes

White wine has no tanninWhite wine has no tannin

Do not last as long as red wineDo not last as long as red wine


30/55

Red Grape VarietalRed Grape Varietal

1.1. Cabernet SauvignonCabernet Sauvignon

(cab(cab--erer--NAY soNAY so--vinvin--YON)YON)

Produces the greatest redw

ine of Bordeaux,Produces the greatest redw

ine of Bordeaux,Italy, California and AustraliaItaly, California and Australia

2.2. Cabernet Franc (FRONK)Cabernet Franc (FRONK)

3.3. Pinot Noir (peePinot Noir (pee--no NHWAR)no NHWAR)

Great Burgundy wines of FranceGreat Burgundy wines of France

Make finest ChampagnesMake finest Champagnes


31/55

4.4. Merlot (mairMerlot (mair--LOW)LOW) Bordeaux, Italy and CaliforniaBordeaux, Italy and California

Smoother and less tannicSmoother and less tannic

5.5. Gamay Beaujolais (gamGamay Beaujolais (gam--AY BOAY BO--zhazha--lay) orlay) or

Napa GamayNapa Gamay

Light, fresh and fruity red wine from GamayLight, fresh and fruity red wine from Gamay

grapegrape

Firstproduced in Beaujolais, FranceFirstproduced in Beaujolais, France


32/55


33/55

9.9. Tempranillo (TEMPTempranillo (TEMP--rahrah--NEENEE--yo)yo)

Main red grape ofSpainMain red grape ofSpain

10.10. Sangiovese (SANSangiovese (SAN--geegee--ohoh--VAYVAY--zee)zee)

Italian grapeItalian grape

makes Chianti (keemakes Chianti (kee--ONON--tee)tee)

Blended with Cabernet makesBlended with Cabernet makes Super TuscansSuper Tuscans

11.11. Nebbiolo (nebNebbiolo (neb--eeee--OHOH--loh)loh)

Italian grape from Piedmont regionItalian grape from Piedmont region

Blended to make Barolo and barbarescoBlended to make Barolo and barbaresco


34/55

ChiantiChianti


35/55


36/55


37/55

12.12. BarberaBarbera

Italian grapeItalian grape

13.13. Lambruscho (lamLambruscho (lam--BROOSBROOS--koe)koe)

Northerrn ItalyNortherrn Italy

Tastes like soft drink than wineTastes like soft drink than wine


38/55

White grape varietalsWhite grape varietals

1.1. Chardonnay (SHARChardonnay (SHAR--denden--NAY)NAY)

Produces dry wines strong body and disticntiveProduces dry wines strong body and disticntiveflavorflavor

Grown all over Europe, Australia and NewGrown all over Europe, Australia and NewZealandZealand

2.2. Sauvignon Blanc/Fume BlancSauvignon Blanc/Fume Blanc

Predominantwhite grape in Bordeaux FrancePredominantwhite grape in Bordeaux France

Used to make Graves, Sauternes, Sancerre andUsed to make Graves, Sauternes, Sancerre andPouilly Fume)Pouilly Fume)


39/55


40/55


41/55

3.3. SemillonSemillon

Used for blending with chardonnay, graves andUsed for blending with chardonnay, graves andsauternessauternes

4.4. ReislingReisling

Use to make sw

eeter Germanw

inesUse to make sw

eeter Germanw

ines Canproduce lateCanproduce late--harvest sweet winesharvest sweet wines

5.5. Chenin BlancChenin Blanc

Makes VouvrayMakes Vouvray


42/55


43/55

6.6. Gewurzttraminer ( geGewurzttraminer ( ge--VURTZVURTZ--tratra--meemee--ner)ner)

Spicy white grape of French Alsace region andSpicy white grape of French Alsace region andparts of Germanyparts of Germany

Canproduce lateCanproduce late--harvest sweet winesharvest sweet wines

7.7. Pinot BlancPinot Blanc From Alsace France, California and ItalyFrom Alsace France, California and Italy

For sparkling winesFor sparkling wines


44/55


45/55

Asti SpumanteAsti Spumante


46/55

Factors in wine makingFactors in wine making

GrapesGrapes

SoilSoil

WeatherWeather Warm weatherproduces ripe grapesWarm weatherproduces ripe grapes

Riper and sweeter grapes more alcoholicRiper and sweeter grapes more alcoholic

Cool weatherproduces lighterwinesCool weatherproduces lighterwines

WinemakerWinemaker


47/55

How Wine is MadeHow Wine is Made

CrushingCrushing

A mixture of grape pulp, skins, seeds, andA mixture of grape pulp, skins, seeds, and

stemsstems FermentingFermenting

A chemical process by which yeast acts onA chemical process by which yeast acts on

sugar to produce alcohol and carbon dioxidesugar to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide


48/55

FermentationFermentation

Ends when all sugar has been convertedEnds when all sugar has been converted

into alcohol or alcohol level reaches 15%into alcohol or alcohol level reaches 15%

which kills the yeastwhich kills the yeast Carbon dioxide dissipates except inCarbon dioxide dissipates except in

sparkling wine like champagnesparkling wine like champagne


49/55

Wine making (vinification)Wine making (vinification)

FermentationFermentation

Process by which grape juice turningProcess by which grape juice turning

into wineinto wineSugar + yeast =Sugar + yeast =

Alcohol + carbon dioxide (CO2)Alcohol + carbon dioxide (CO2)


50/55

How Wine is MadeHow Wine is Made

RackingRacking

MaturingMaturing

Aging a wineAging a wine FilteringFiltering

FiningFining

ClarifyingClarifying

BottlingBottling


51/55


52/55

Other ways to name wineOther ways to name wine

Broad general type (generic name)Broad general type (generic name)

Brand nameBrand name

Means of building an identityMeans of building an identity One belongs exclusively to a vineyard orOne belongs exclusively to a vineyard or

shipperwho produces the wine and takesshipperwho produces the wine and takes

resposibility of the qualityresposibility of the quality


53/55

Tasting wineTasting wine

Look at a wineLook at a wine

Swirl it aroundSwirl it around

Smell itSmell it


54/55

Relationship to FoodRelationship to Food

RelationshipRelationship

White WinesWhite Wines

Poultry, fish, and egg entreesPoultry, fish, and egg entrees

Red WinesRed Wines

Any game or red meatAny game or red meat

Sparkling WinesSparkling Wines

Any course, from dry to sweetAny course, from dry to sweet The heavier the food, the heavier the wineThe heavier the food, the heavier the wine


55/55

all about wines

Documents