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TRANSCRIPT
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All information important for your note taking will be
highlighted in RED!!
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Your Goal:
I can explain how the various groups that have
ruled the middle east have changed.
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1. Geographic Importancea. Center of trade routes between Europe, Africa and Asiab. Great wealth
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2. Unique CharacterThe movement of conquering people through the regionMany groups have ruled the middle east throughout history.
Assyrians
Babylonians
Hitittes
Greeks Romans
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3. Mid 600’sa. The spread of Islam by Mohammed and his followers
b. Islam spread the Arabic language c. Allowed conquered people to practice their own religion
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4. The Ottoman Turks Rule 1293–1922 a. The Ottoman Turks Rule for 400 years
c. Allow Christians and Jews to practice their religions
Sultan Suleyman
b. Controlled trade
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Discontent and Rivalry 1700’sa. Different ethnic groups and religious groups want independence from Ottoman Turks
Bosnia Herzegovina
Bulgaria Armenia
Egypt
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The Sick Man of Europe 1800’s – 1900’s a. Europe tries to influence political change in Turkey
British French
Russians
All want Turkey
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The Ottomans choose Poorly… a. Turkey sides with the Central Powers
b. Germany Austria- Hungary Italy
And they lose!
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Secretsa. The Allies (Great Britain, France, and Russia)
make a secret deal to divide the Ottoman Empire
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Ottoman Turkey is Divided…a. The Arabs are given “most” of the Arabian peninsula and that’s it… b. Mandate – Land to be governed on behalf of the League of Nations until it was ready for independence.c. The boundaries we have today were drawnBritain – Israel, southern Iraq, KuwaitFrance – Syria, Lebanon, southern Turkey Russia – zippo…
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5. Mid 1940’s
IraqSyria
Jordan
Lebanon
independence was granted to…
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6. The dilemma…a. Two groups claim the land we call Israel
Arabs
Jews
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7. The Claims…
JewsArabs- Ancestors were the early settlers- Lived there for centuries
- Ancestors lived there 1900BC to 1700BC Hebrews
-Conquered by Babylonians 586BCSome remained, many moved out- 70AD Romans force Jews to leave
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8. ZionismIn late 1800’s and early 1900’s Jews from around the world began to return to Palestine. “Zion” is a hill in Jerusalem.The goal – create their own Jewish country
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Balfour DeclarationThe British divide Palestine into Jewish and Arab sections.
Purpose – To give the Jews a national home to enjoy rights and freedoms.
Arabs
Jews
Lord Balfour
Angry
Happy
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Self DeterminationThe right to decide your own political future. The Arabs believed Palestine would become part of a larger Arab country.
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The Rise of the Nazi’sThe Nazi’s with Hitler persecuted Jews Many Jews flee to Palestine The Holocaust occurs killing 6 million Jews
The world is outraged and support a homeland for Jews
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9. The United Nations ActsThe nation
Israel is created out of
Palestine in 1947.
70% of the population is Arab
More than half of the land…
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10. The Arabs ReactSurrounding Arab countries attack Israel
Israel defeats the Arab armies
and take more land
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The Results…Defeated Palestinian Arabs flee to neighboring countries.
Lebanon, Jordan, Syria, and Egypt
Several more wars are fought but the Israelis won them all.
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The P.L.O. formed to gain independence for Palestinians.
11. The Palestinian Liberation Organization
The P.L.O. fights for their own country .
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Today
Palestine is a recognized country in the area called Gaza
and parts of the West Bank.
Israel is a recognized country that
continues to fight for its freedom.
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12. Underlying IssuesControl of the Holy city Jerusalem
Instability remains and violence continues.
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Your Goal:
I can explain how the various
groups that have ruled the middle east have changed.