all organisms are made of cells -...

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All Organisms are made of Cells

copyright cmassengale

Cell History 1.) First become aware of cells in the 1600s when Robert Hooke invented microscope, formed the term “cell”

2.) 10 years later, Anton van Leeuwenhoek used a microscope to view water from a pond

He discovered many living creatures in which he named “animalcules”

–Now we know them as single-celled organisms

CELL HISTORY

3) Matthias Schleiden 1838 – viewed plant cells Concluded… All PLANTS are

made up of cells 4) Theordor Schwann

1839 – viewed animal cells Concluded… All ANIMALS are made up of

cells 5) Rudolph Virchow

1855 – all cells must develop from other cells

Cell Theory

Cell Theory (Schleiden, Schwann, & Virchow)

– All living things are made of one or more cells

– Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms

– All cells arise from existing cells

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Facts About Cells Cells are the smallest living unit of an organism

All cells contain living material called cytoplasm

All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane that controls what enters & leaves the cell

All cells have ribosomes, which make proteins


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More Cell Facts Cells are complex & highly organized

Cells have parts called organelles that do different jobs

e.g. Chloroplasts in plants make sugars


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More Cell Facts The simplest cells are called Prokaryotes

These cells DO NOT have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

Bacteria are examples


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More Cell Facts More complex cells are called Eukaryotes

These cells DO have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Plants, animals, protists, & fungi are examples


Key Eukaryotic Cell Organelles

Nucleus- holds DNA, control center

Nucleolus- creates ribosomes

Mitochondrion(a)- power house, creates

energy

Endoplasmic Reticulum- transports

proteins from ribosomes to Golgi Body

Golgi Body/Apparatus- transports

proteins out of cell in vesicles copyright cmassengale 9

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Organisms are Grouped by their Number of Cells

Unicellular Organisms – Living Organism Made Up Of One

Cell

Multicellular Organisms – Living Organism Made Up Of

Many, Specialized Cells


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Cells Have a Genetic Code, DNA


DNA codes for the proteins that make up cells & do all the work

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Life is Organized on Several Levels


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Levels Atoms Molecules Organelles Cells – life starts here Tissues Organs System Organism


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Levels

Population

Community

Ecosystem

Biosphere


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all organisms are made of cells -...

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