alm216

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ALM216

Migrating SAP from Oracle to DB2

Andrew Juarez, Coca Cola Bottling Company Consolidated

October 15, 2009

© CCBCC 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 2

Agenda

1. About CCBCC

2. Why DB2?

3. Migration

4. Benefits

5. Post migration

6. Lessons learned along the way

7. Oracle vs DB2

8. Useful training, resources and info

9. Overall satisfaction

10. Contact information

2


About CCBCC

Industry: Consumer products

Revenue: US$1.4 billion

Employees: 6,000

Headquarters: Charlotte, NC

Web Site: www.cokeconsolidated.com

Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated,

the second-largest Coca-Cola bottler

in the United States, is a leader in the

manufacture and distribution of soft

drinks, primarily Coca-Cola products.

It has operations in 11 states and a

consumer base of 19 million people.


About CCBCC

R/3 4.7 Enterprise (7) MI/MAM NW2004 (5)

Solution Manager NW7.0 (2) BW 3.5 (6)

PI 7.1 (2) – installed with DB2 CE 7.1 (1) – installed with DB2

DEVR/3, BW, MI

TestR/3, BW, MI

DEVR/3, BW, MI

TESTR/3, BW, MI

ProdR/3, BW, MI

SandBoxR/3, BW

SolMan

7.0PI 7.1

CE 7.1

SAP landscape @ migration

http://www.cokeconsolidated.com/

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About CCBCC

Hardware @ migration

CI/DB’s run on IBM P560’s

with AIX5.3

Application Servers run on

Dell 2950 with SUSE 10

Linux

BW runs exclusively on Dell

and SUSE

EMC storage – All SAP

systems - 5 terabytes


Why DB2 ?

Technical Upgrades to R/3 & BW systems

required Oracle Upgrades. Also considered a

possible R/3 Unicode conversion as well.

Needed additional Oracle licenses for new SAP

systems.

Early 2008 we learned about the SAP/DB2

offering from KO

Included the cost for DB2 as part of the SAP

user license

This offering allowed us to avoid purchasing

new Oracle licenses

Allowed us to reduce our overall Oracle

licenses and maintenance costs

SAP 4.7

BW 3.5

ECC 6.0

BI 7.0

Oracle 9.2

????

4


Why DB2 ?

Hurdles with moving to DB2

Basis Team were Oracle experts.

Team Buy-in was key.

Getting a large enough outage window

Had no idea if DB2 would be more work in

the long run


Migration

Project started in February 2008

R/3 Landscape migrated by April (7)

BW Landscape migrated by Aug (6)

SolMan Landscape migrated by Aug (2)

MI Landscape migrated by December (5)

2/1/2008 12/31/2008

4/1/2008 7/1/2008 10/1/2008

3/16/2008 - 4/18/2008

R/3 migrations6/17/2008 - 8/22/2008

SolMan

10/6/2008 - 12/8/2008

MI

5/12/2008 - 8/8/2008

BW

3/11/2008

SAP DB2 training

6/9/2008

OS/DB certfied9/5/2008

DR test

11/10/2008

Advanced DB2 recovery

2/8/2008

Sandbox

Timeline for the project

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Migration

Migration partner

Talked to both SAP and IBM about our project

Selected IBM as our migration partner for R/3, BW and MI landscapes.

Only used IBM for R/3 landscape

Sent Lead Basis Technician to SAP migration class and had him certified

for migrations.

CCBCC Basis team performed all other migrations.


Migration

Migration of most systems

Recreated host on either a Virtual or Physical machine

If needed, performed Unicode pre-work 2 days prior to migration

Scheduled 3 day outage per system

Export overnight

Import next day

Finish installing SAP system

If needed, performed Post unicode work

If needed, export / import Java stack

Set database parameters

Backup system

Run stats

Run SGEN

Re-install any application servers

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Migration

Production migration process

Week before, failed HA cluster to

backup node and ran as a single node

cluster

Prepped the main node for DB2.

Unicode pre-work started 3 days prior to

migration

Scheduled 18 hour outage

Ran Export and Import at the same time.

Finish installing SAP system

Post UNICODE work

Set database parameters

Backup system

Run stats

Run SGEN twice (AIX, Linux)

Re-install application servers

PROD

(primary node)VIO

PROD

(HA)... VIO

HA-Cluster

SAP/OracleBCV copy

SAP/DB2BCV copy

Upgraded system Original system


Migration

Results of the migration

Actual migration was completed in 23 hrs

Had issues with DBTABLOG table

EDI40 cluster table took longer than expected

A few minor performance issues that were fixed with indexes.

Issues generating explain plans

No real unicode issues encountered

Issues with SAP license key

DB2 learning curve was easier than expected.

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Benefits

Tangible and in-tangible benefits

An ROI of 8 months

DB2 is better integrated into SAP

DB2 requires less attention from the Basis DBA than Oracle

Experienced some performance gains on batch jobs

DB2 fixes are available for use immediately

Saved over 2 terabytes in storage

- Due to reorg and DB2 deep compression

- R/3 Production went from 950 GB to 575 GB even with the

Unicode conversion


Benefits

SAPPRD Database Growth

677

718 5

30

571

631

718

743

767

781

760

779

793

810

842

880

912

560

587

610

627

645

659

676

692

706

721

690

701

724

110

110

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1

1

1

1

1

1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1

1

1

208

208

206

207

202

203

199

205

198

194

349

348

3425

5

182

524

483

423

336

311

287

273

294

275

261

244

212

174

142 5

71

544

523

505

492

477

464

442

435

424

300

290

273

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

01/07

02/07

AIX

Mig

ratio

n

03/07

04/07

05/07

06/07

07/07

08/07

09/07

10/07

11/07

12/07

01/08

02/08

03/08

04/08

DB2

/Unico

de

05/08

06/08

07/08

08/08

09/08

10/08

11/08

12/08

01/09

02/09

ECC 6

.0 U

pgra

de

03/09

04/09

# G

IG

Free Filesystem Space

Free DB Space

Oracle Other used

PSAPPRD Used

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Post Migration

Post migration activities

Successfully completed two offsite DR tests (R/3, MI)

Completed SOX auditing

Migrated all DB2 9.1 DB2 9.5

Applied DB2 fixpacks to all systems

Recovered database after an EMC hardware issue from tape

Recovered database after a Data Center issue from DB2 backup

Completed technical upgrade to ECC 6.0 and BI 7.0


Post Migration

R/3 performance

Oracle

(11/25/07 –

1/13/08)

[ Non-Unicode ]

DB2

(8/17/08 –

12/28/08)

[ Unicode ]

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Post Migration

BW

performance

Oracle

(1/27/08 –

6/08/08)

[ Unicode ]

DB2

(8/10/08 –

12/21/08)

[ Unicode ]


MI performance

Oracle

(3/9/08 – 7/20/08)

[ Unicode ]

DB2

(12/07/08 – 4/19/09)

[ Unicode ]

Post Migration

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Lessons Learned Along the Way


Don’t confuse DB2 with DB2!

SAP Name Used for

DB2 Mainframe

DB4 iSeries

DB6 Linux, Unix,

Windows


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Archive anything that is easy to get to.

Table # records Export Import

DBTABLOG 151,868,251 Start: 2008-04-13 02:38

Ended: 2008-04-13 08:59

Elapsed: 7:21

Start: 2008-04-14 00:11

Ended: 2008-04-14 12:30

Elapsed: 12:19



Use virtualization to your advantage!

Allows you to quickly bring up a server

Can start all of the prep-work ahead of time

Allows you to test the export/import

Can quickly shift resources as needed

Leaves original system in tact for back out and reference


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Would have migrated to 9.5 during upgrade

Direct install to DB 9.5 was not supported for our version of SAP

Migration only takes about 30 minutes

DB2 9.5 improved the backup administration

Additional ―automatic‖ tuning parameters

Use the DB2 CLI driver client




Don’t forget to fix the transport systems as you go.

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Importing split tables

Choose appropriate import method

If using DB2 Load on import, then single thread imports!!

Benchmark your split table exports / imports

Type Option Lock type

DB2 LOAD -loadprocedure fast load Table lock

Insert -loadprocedure fast Row locks



EDI40 example (Total records – 7,631,961)


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Plan for Backup window

Switching DB2 into logmode puts database in backup-pending status

You CANNOT connect to database in this status

Perform backup of database to clear status or use DB2DART cmmd



Database hints

Check custom ABAP code for Oracle hints

Hints will not work

Fix or remove and test with DB2


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Check SAP data dictionary for custom indexes

Fix and transport changes prior to migration



Custom Tablespaces

Create custom tablespaces prior to export

If done after export then requires manually changing generated import files


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Plan for the running of R3szchk

Produces dbsize.xml file needed for import

Extremely long runtime

Benchmark the runtime

Can change the run option to significantly speed up



Verify database shutdown

Found cases where database did not shutdown for cold backup

Added extra ―dbstop force‖ to backup scripts


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Migrating Java stacks

Uses JLOAD to export / import

Required manual changes to fix paths pointing to Oracle software

Errors take considerable time to track down and fix

Recommend running complete export/import tests to shake out the issues.



Passwords

DB2 does not have user

accounts

Check password age settings

Must keep password

consistent on all CI/DB/App

servers for <sid>adm,

sap<sid> users.

System will lock up if the

password does not match

what is stored in dscdb6.conf

Central

Instance /

Database

server

Application

Server

Application

Server

dscdb6.conf

<sid>adm

sap<sid>


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DB2 Backup parameters

Issue getting one of the parameters to work correctly

Backup administration easier with DB2 9.5



DB2 backup compression

Recommend using compression with backups

Averaging about 66% compression

Compression actually reduces run time

Type Size Time

uncompressed 715gb 7 hrs

compressed 241gb 5 hrs


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1) Connect to DB

2) Issue write suspend

3) Split mirror

4) Issue write resume

Database

Mirror

copy

Using split mirrors backups

Must issue write suspend / resume



VS

Oracle vs DB2

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Terminology

Oracle DB2

Instance Instance

Database Database

initSID.ora OR

SPFILE

DBM CFG and DB CFG

Table spaces Table spaces

Data Blocks Pages

Data Files Containers

Redo Log Files Transaction Log Files

SGA Database Manager and

Database Shared memory

Data Dictionary Catalog

SYSTEM table

space

SYSCATSPACE table

space

Oracle vs DB2


Putting database into logmode

Database Procedure

Oracle Startup mount

Alter database archive log

Alter database open

DB2 db2start

Update db cfg for <sid> using logarchmeth1 disk:<dest>

Caution: DB2 goes into “backup-pending state” and will

not open until state is cleared.

db2 backup database <SID> to /dev/null

or db2dart <SID> /CHST /WHAT DBBP OFF

db2 activate db <SID>

Oracle vs DB2

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Growing out the database

Avoid rebalancing

Database Procedure

Oracle Add disk space at OS level to existing sapdata’s

Alter tablespace <tbsp> resize …

or

Create new sapdata’s at OS level

Alter tablespace <tbsp> add datafile <location> size …

DB2 Add disk space UNIFORMLY to all sapdata’s at OS level

or

Create new sapdata’s at OS level

Create new strip-set across the new sapdata’s to avoid

rebalance

Oracle vs DB2


Native backup / restore utilities

Database backups restore Status

Oracle Rman> backup database Rman> restore database

Rman> recover database

Database

views

DB2 Db2 backup database <sid>

to …

Db2 recover database <sid>

….

Db2 list utils

Oracle vs DB2

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Connecting to the databases

Database Differences

Oracle Configure lisenter.ora, sqlnet.ora, tnsnames.ora

Lsnrctl start

Install oracle client software on all app servers

DB2 Add port to /etc/services file

Db2 catalog database cmmds

Install DB2 CLI and share to all app servers

or

Install DB2 runtime client on each app server

Oracle vs DB2


User administration

Database Differences

Oracle User id’s are stored in the database

Use Oracle cmmds to maintain users

SAP uses ops$<user> to connect

DB2 Users maintained at OS level

SAP uses sap<sid> to connect

Oracle vs DB2

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Differences in starting and stopping the databases

Database Start Stop

Oracle Sqlplus /nolog

Connect / as sysdba

Startup

Sqlplus /nolog

Connect / as sysdba

Shutdown

DB2 Db2start

Db2 Connect to <dbid>

or

Db2 activate db <dbsid>

Db2shut

Oracle vs DB2


SAP Database administration and tools

Database Tools

Oracle Brtools

SQLplus

EM console

Toad for Oracle

DB2 /nDBACOCKPIT

DB2

Db2cc

Toad for db2

Oracle vs DB2

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Can centrally administer DB2 from one SAP system

Add entry to /etc/services

Oracle vs DB2


Restoring database from offline or split mirror backup

Database Offline Split Mirror

Oracle Restore files

Start database

Restore files

Start database

DB2 Restore files

Start database

Db2 activate db <sid>

Restore files

Start database

Db2inidb cmmd

Db2 activate db <sid>

Oracle vs DB2

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Lock escalations Too many row locks on a table can cause an escalation which results

in the table being locked.

Oracle vs DB2


CCBCC write ups

SAP write up of DB2 migration

IBM write up of DB2 migration

Resources

DB2 Version 9.5 for Linux, Unix, and Windows

SAP SDN for DB6

Note 1086130 - DB6: DB2 V9.5 Standard Parameter Settings

Training

TADM56 – SAP Web AS DB operations (DB2 LUW)

IBM sponsored DB2 for Oracle DBA’s workshop

IBM DB2 9 for LUW Advanced Database Recovery

Useful Training, Resources and Info

http://download.sap.com/solutions/business-suite/erp/customers/download.epd?context=6F19F9C312F550526BAADB8088520393ED8117061C46B30631BCF42E2514F76363FFDA3BE7C441AD020885B6D8AC63C9114D22B239592AC8

http://www-01.ibm.com/software/success/cssdb.nsf/CS/STRD-7N5MJB?OpenDocument&Site=default&cty=en_us

http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/db2luw/v9r5/index.jsp

http://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/db6

https://service.sap.com/sap/support/notes/1086130




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27

Contact

Andrew Juarez, Coca Cola Bottling Company Consolidated

Email: [email protected]

Contact information

Thank You!

28

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