als holiday homework/semester 1/grade 9/2017-18

ALS Holiday Homework/Semester 1/Grade 9/2017-18

Pathways World School, Aravali, December 2017



Q1. Multiple Choice Questions:

1. Which best describes what happens to the particles of water vapour when it condenses?

a) They lose energy and lose freedom to move about

b) They gain energy and gain freedom to move about

c) They lose energy and are closer and less free to move around

d) They gain energy and increase their freedom to move without significant attraction.

2. Natural gas is also called

a) crude oil

b) coal

c) methane

d) petroleum

3. A scalar quantity a) always has mass b) is a quantity that is completely specified y its magnitude c) shows direction d) does not have units



4. A vector quantity

a.) Can be a dimensionless quantity

b) Specifies only magnitude

c) Specifies only direction

d) Specifies both a magnitude and a direction

5. Number of valence electrons in aluminum a) 1 e- b) 2 e- c) 3 e- 6. Change in electrons for octet a) lose 3e- b) gain 3 e- c) gain 5 e- 7. Ionic charge of aluminum a) 3- b) 5- c) 3+ 8. The enzyme present in human saliva digests:

a) Cellulose

b) Protein

c) Starch

d) Sucrose



9. Carbon is an element which has an atomic number of 6. How many

protons does it have?

a) 7

b) 5

c) 6

d) 10

10. Which list contains three typical properties of metals?

a) Good conductor of heat, brittle, low melting point

a) Poor conductor of heat, strong, high melting point

b) Good conductor of electricity, strong, high, melting point

c) Poor conductor of electricity, weak, low melting point

11. The atomic number of oxygen (8) indicates that there are eight:

a) Protons in the nucleus of the atom

b) Electrons in the outer shell

c) Neutrons in the nucleus of the atom

d) Electrons in the oxide ion

12. Copper, iron and chlorine are all

a) Sodium

b) Mixture

c) Elements

d) Metals



13. Air is a mixture of many gases, some of which are elements,

some of which are compounds. Which of the following pairs are

both elements?

a) Nitrogen and water vapour

b) Oxygen and carbon dioxides

c) Carbon dioxide and water vapour

d) Oxygen and nitrogen

Q2. A. Complete the names of the following ions: Ba2+ Al3+ K+ _________ __________ _________

N3 O2 F _________ __________ _________

P3 S2 Cl _________ __________ _________ B. Describe each in your own words

a) Oxidation

b) Reduction

c) Oxidizing agent

d) Reducing agent

Q3. A. Categorize the following physical quantities as fundamental and derived and write appropriate S.I. units of each:

S.

No

PHYSICAL

QUANTITY

FUNDAMENTAL /

DERIVED

UNIT WITH

SYMBOL

a. Temperature

b. Volume

c. Mass



B. Identify the action and reaction force in each of the following

situations. The first one is done for you.

Example Action Reaction

The baseball pushes the bat to the left (an action).

The bat pushes the ball to the right (the reaction).

Baseball pushes glove to the left.

Bowling ball pushes pin to the left.

d. Weight

e. Density



Enclosed air particles push the wall of the balloon outwards.

Q4. A. Complete the following -: Formula Ions Name Cation anion 1. NaCl 2. K2S 3. MgO 4.CaI2

5. Al2O3 B. Write down the formulae of the following ionic compounds. (Hint: remember to put the cation first, to balance the charges and to use bracket if required around a polyatomic ion.)

(i) sodium hydroxide

(ii) sodium nitrate

(iii) sodium sulphate

(iv) sodium phosphate

(v) magnesium hydroxide

(vi) magnesium nitrate



(vii) ammonium hydroxide

(viii) ammonium sulphate

C. Classify each of the following substances as metallic, ionic,

covalent molecular or covalent network. Give reasons to

support your classification.

a. Water

b. Copper (II) oxide

c. Methane

d. Rutile

e. Iron

f. Silicon dioxide

g. Rust on an iron nail

Q 5. Write your answers in the blanks below

1. Mg is _-------------------------____________

2. F is _----------------------------____________

3. Aluminium is _-------------------____________

4. Silicon is ------------------------__________

5. Fe is _----------------------------____________

6. H is __---------------------------___________

7. Cu is _---------------------------____________

8. N is _------------------------------_________________________

9. C is __----------------------------___________

10. Helium is ------------------------_____________

11. Oxygen is _---------------------____________

12. Copper is _--------------------____________

13. Calcium is ----------------------_____________

14. Iron is _-------------------------____________

15.



This element is present in bleach ----------------------

16. This element is the basis for semiconductors in computers ----------------------

17. The most expensive element is -------------------_____________

18. Salt is made up of what two elements? ----------------------

19. Balloons that float are filled with __----------------------

20. Pins used in skeletal surgery are made of this metal --------------

21. Iron nails to be used outdoors are coated with this to prevent the iron from rusting -----------------------

22. The two most common gases in air are _--------------------__

23. Rust is made up of _-----------------------------------____________

24. You would drink soda pop from this type of can --------------------_____________

25. This element helps give plants the energy they need to grow _---------------------------

26. Which of these gives farts their bad smell? ------------------------_

27. Pennies are made of ----------------------____________

28. Before 1965, American dimes and quarters were made of ----------------------

29. The liquid metal sometimes used in thermometers is -----------------

30. Tungsten is ------------------------------------ _____________

Q6. A. Draw a picture of an atom for first four elements

and write the number of valence electrons.

1. Hydrogen V.E. _____ 2. Helium V.E. _____

3. Lithium V.E. _____ 4. Beryllium V.E.



B. Balance the following equations:

a) H2O H2 + O2

b) Fe + H2O H2 + Fe3O4

c) CuSO4 .5 H2O CuSO4 + H2O

d) Fe2O3 + H2 Fe + H2O

e) CaCO3 CaO + CO2

f) H2S + KOH H2O + K2S

C. Given below is the diagram showing electroplating:

Write ionic equations for the reactions taking place at (a) Anode (b) Cathode



Q7. Write the symbols and charges for the atoms given below and

then identify it as anion/cation and metal/non-metal…

element symbol and charge

metal or non-metal

anion or cation

calcium

Ca+2

metal

cation

bromine

Br -1

non-metal

anion

nitrogen

iron (III)

tin (II)

fluorine

cesium

iodine

phosphorus

copper (I)

lithium

aluminium

sulphur

manganese(IV)

chlorine

oxygen



Q8. Apply your knowledge of inheritance to answer the following

questions:

a) One cat carries heterozygous, long tail trait (Tt), and

its mate carries homozygous short tail trait (tt). Use a

Punnett square to determine the probability their

offsprings to have long tail.

b) In a certain species of plant, the colour purple (P) is

dominant to the colour white (p). If a homozygous purple is

crossed with a heterozygous purple then state the

probability of getting white coloured plants. Show your work

of punnett square.



Q9. A. Energy Transformations

Energy transformation or energy conversion is the process of

changing one form of energy to another. In physics, the

term energy describes the capacity to produce certain changes within a

system, without regard to limitations in transformation imposed.

Create your own energy transformations using as many different

transformations as possible from your daily life.

Kinetic Energy Potential Energy

Examples

Examples



B) An object with a mass of 3.0 kg has a force of 9.0 Newtons applied to

it. What is the resulting acceleration of the object?

C) What acceleration will result when a 12 N net force applied to a 3

kg object?

Q10. Use your knowledge about cell division and label the following:

A.__________________

B__________________

C__________________

D _______________



Q11. Law of Conservation of Energy:

Fill in the blanks with words from the box.

bottom change conservation created destroyed heat kinetic motion potential sound stored top

The law of _________________of energy states that energy cannot be

_________________ or _________________, but can only

_________________ forms. There are many different forms of energy. Two

important forms of energy are _________________ energy and

_________________ energy. Potential energy is _________________

energy and kinetic energy is the energy of _________________. Take for

example the motion of a roller coaster on its tracks: at the _____________

of the loop, the roller coaster has high

potential energy. At the

_________________ of the loop, it has

high kinetic energy. If energy is

conserved why does the roller coaster

eventually slow down and stop at the

bottom of the roller? That’s because the

force of friction changes the kinetic

energy into _________________ and

_________________ energy,

especially when the brakes are applied.

As the roller coaster moves around

the track, its potential and kinetic

energy change back and forth.



a) Law of conservation of energy-

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

b) Use a battery as an example to explain the law of

conservation of energy.

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

Q12. Identify the different types of forces in the given diagrams and explain their importance in our real life.



a) Magnetic force _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

b) Buoyant force _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

c) Spring force

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



13. Use the table and your knowledge or energy resources to answer the following questions.

NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES

Such things as fossil fuels (oil, coal, gas) and minerals cannot be reproduced and therefore can be used up.*

These are called non-renewable resources.

Humans are using up natural resources at a

great rate and at a great cost to the health of the natural environment and

life on Earth

RENEWABLE RESOURCES

Resources such as trees, fish, oxygen,

and fresh water are generally

considered to be renewable resources

as they can be continually

reproduced. Fresh water from the

Earth's recycling process, fresh air from

the oxygen produced by plants and

trees, and trees and fish which can

reproduce themselves.

Humans need to think of "renewable" as replenishable only in the right circumstances and within

the laws of the balance of nature

Words to know and remember as you consider what resources

are renewable

Infinite No limits

Extending indefinitely

Finite Limited

Having a limited existence

1. What are three fossil fuels?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. (Make connections) Where does the name fossil fuel come from? Explain how the cartoon of the dinosaur relates to non-renewable resources. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Why the fossil fuels are considered non-renewable?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What are three renewable resources? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Are renewable resources always renewable? Comment on the statement.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



Q14. Compare and Contrast Infrasonic sound and Ultrasonic

sound?



Q 15.



Q16.There are two images in front of you. Differentiate between the

two in terms of its elemental properties. (at least 4 points)

https://in.images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt

https://in.images.sea

rch.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A2oKiHPULUJWc0IAcBcO9olQ;

https://in.images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt

https://in.images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A2oKiHPULUJWc0IAcBcO9olQ

https://in.images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A2oKiHPULUJWc0IAcBcO9olQ



Q17. Lobes of the Brain

Label the diagram in the spaces provided with the correct name of each

lobe of the brain.

Word Bank

Frontal Lobe

Occipital Lobe

Parietal Lobe

Temporal Lobe

I. Describe the functions of the:

Frontal lobe- _________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

Occipital lobe – _________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________



Parietal lobe --

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Temporal lobe –

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________



Q18. Label the following parts on the diagram of the human

endocrine system.



Q19. Use the words from the list below to label the following diagram of a neuron in the lines provided.

Word Bank

Axon - Cell Body - Dendrites - Myelin Sheet Node of Ranvier - Nucleus



Q 20. Below is a list of different parts of a neuron. On the lines following each word, write out what that structure does for the neuron (its function) and where it is located on the neuron.

Axon:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Cell Body:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Dendrites:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Myelin sheath:

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



Q 21.

1 A plant pigment that absorbs sunlight. (11)

4 The links between the energy that carnivores get from eating to the

energy captured by photosynthesis. (4,5)

7 Chlorophyll absorbs every color of sunlight except this. (5)

8 A compound needed for photosynthesis. (6,7)

10 The product of photosynthesis. (5)



Down

2 The process by which plants and some bacteria use the energy from

sunlight to produce sugar. (14)

3 Part of the plant where photosynthesis generally occurs. (6)

5 A compound needed for photosynthesis. (5)

6 An animal that eats plants. (9)

9 A by-product of photosynthesis. (6)

10 Number of molecules of oxygen produced along with one molecule of

sugar. (3)

Q22. A. Answer the following using the words in the text box.

i. Plants use CO2 in the process of ___________________ to make

___________ and oxygen.

ii. Animals use oxygen in the process of _______________ and make

more CO2.

iii. The ____________ is the main regulator of CO2 in the atmosphere

because CO2 dissolves easily in it.

iv. In the past, huge deposits of carbon were stored as dead

__________ plants and animals.

v. Today these deposits are burned as fossil fuels, which include

_____________, _______________, and ______________.

vi. More CO2 is released in the atmosphere today than in the past

because of _________ ___________________ .

vii. Another natural source for CO2 is __________________.

Coal Oil Natural Gas burning of fossil fuels volcanoes

Photosynthesis Respiration ocean sugar Greenhouse decayed



viii. Too much CO2 in the atmosphere may be responsible for the

_______________ effect.

B. Why is decay important for our survival? Justify your answer.

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

Q23. Distinguish between ionic and covalent bond by ticking the

correct option in the table.

Comparison chart

Nature Covalent Bonds Ionic Bonds

Valence electrons

bond by

Transfer/ sharing Transfer/ sharing

Shape

Definite/ Not definite

Definite/ Not definite

Formation Between

Metal – Non –

metal

Metal – metal

Non-metal- Non

metal

Metal – Non –

metal

Metal – metal

Non-metal- Non

metal

Melting point

High/ Low High/ Low

Examples (write three

examples each)

a.

b.

c.

a.

b.

c.



State at room temperature

Solid/ liquid or gaseous

Solid/ liquid or gaseous

Q24. Observe the images below and describe what type of reaction it depicts. Exemplify with a balanced chemical equation.

a. Type of

Reaction:______________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

Example:

_________________________________________________________

b. Type of

Reaction:______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

Example

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________



c. Type of

Reaction:______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

Example

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

Q25.Read the following passage and answer the questions that

follow.

What’s in Your Cells?

Source: adapted from - k12reader.com

The cell is the basic unit of life. All cells are surrounded by a cell

membrane. Plant cells have an additional layer surrounding them called

the cell wall. The cell wall is made of non-living material called cellulose.

The cell membrane is semip ermeable.

All cells have a control center called a nucleus. The nucleus stores a

special molecule called DNA. The organism’s traits are controlled by the

coding found in its DNA. The nucleus controls many of the functions of

the cell (by controlling protein synthesis). Both plant and animal cells



have double membranes and their own DNA. The nucleus is surrounded

by the nuclear membrane. The centrosome is a small body located near

the nucleus. The centrosome is where microtubules are made. Only

animal cells have centrosomes.

Cytoplasm is the jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the

organelles float. All cells, even prokaryotes contain small bodies called

ribosomes. Proteins are made here by a process called protein

synthesis.

The endoplasmic reticulum, or ER, is a system of tubes and passages

for transporting materials. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) is a

vast system of interconnected, membranous located in the cell's

cytoplasm. Rough ER is covered with ribosomes that give it a rough

appearance. The Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex is a flattened,

layered, sac-like organelle that looks like a stack of pancakes. The Golgi

body modifies & packages proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-

bound vesicles for "export" from the cell. Smooth ER does NOT have

ribosomes on its surface. It makes proteins and lipids that will be

exported by the cell. It also controls the Calcium level in muscles and

detoxifies poisons, alcohol, and drugs.

Lysosomes, which are found mostly in animal cells, break apart nutrients.

They also contain digestive enzymes. Nutrients are digested by the cell

here, as well as, old cell organelles that are going to be recycled.

Vacuoles are like bags of fluid that cells use to store things until they are

needed or until they can be disposed of. The vacuole fills with food being

digested and waste material that is on its way out of the cell.

Chloroplasts, which are found only in plants, allow food to be made using

sunlight and carbon dioxide. Mitochondria generate energy for the cell.

The mitochondrion converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP. All



the organelles work together to make sure that the cells, and ultimately

the living organism, can do all the things that are necessary for survival.

a. What surrounds all cells?

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

b. What is meant by semipermeable?

________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

c. Where is DNA found inside a cell?

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

d. State two functions of smooth ER.

i. _____________________________________________________

ii. ____________________________________________________

iii. _____________________________________________________

e. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

________________________________________________________

f. What pigment traps the solar energy?

_________________________________________________________

g. Food, water, and wastes are stored inside

_________________________________________________________

h. What organelle breaks down and recycles worn out cells?

_________________________________________________________

als holiday homework/semester 1/grade 9/2017-18

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