alternative water supplies in texas central texas water conservation symposium jorge a. arroyo, pe...
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Alternative Water Supplies in Texas
Central Texas Water Conservation Symposium
Jorge A. Arroyo, PEWater Management Consultant
February 2014
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ALTERNATIVE…. TO WHAT?
…WHEN IS AN ALTERNATIVE NO LONGER AN ALTERNATIVE?
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NOT AN ALTERNATIVE TO WATER CONSERVATION
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Alternative Water Supplies
• Rain collection systems• Water reuse• Managed aquifer recharge• Desalination
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Rain Collection Systems
Source: Texas Water Development Board
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Rain Collection Systems: Sole Source
• Volume of rain• Water use• Storage• Treatment• Operation and maintenance
Kight Residence RWH System- Boerne
Source: Texas Water Development Board
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Rainwater Harvesting
Indoor demand Irrigation Total
demandAverage rainfall
Collection surface size
Gallons/ft2 collection coefficient
Efficiency factor
Rainfall collected
(85% efficiency)
End of month
storage (*)
January 3,000 0.0 3,000 2.12 2,500 0.62 0.85 2,792 0February 3,000 0.0 3,000 2.41 2,500 0.62 0.85 3,179 0March 3,000 150.0 3,150 2.23 2,500 0.62 0.85 2,941 0April 3,000 150.0 3,150 2.97 2,500 0.62 0.85 3,907 519May 3,000 150.0 3,150 4.02 2,500 0.62 0.85 5,294 2,664June 3,000 150.0 3,150 3.39 2,500 0.62 0.85 4,460 3,974July 3,000 150.0 3,150 1.96 2,500 0.62 0.85 2,578 3,402August 3,000 150.0 3,150 2.21 2,500 0.62 0.85 2,907 3,159September 3,000 150.0 3,150 3.17 2,500 0.62 0.85 4,175 4,184October 3,000 150.0 3,150 3.44 2,500 0.62 0.85 4,528 5,562November 3,000 0.0 3,000 2.68 2,500 0.62 0.85 3,536 6,099December 3,000 0.0 3,000 2.35 2,500 0.62 0.85 3,099 6,198
Change to fit your conditions
Catchment Area (sq. ft.) 2,500Monthly Indoor Demand (gals) 3,000Outdoor Demand (gals) 150Water in Storage to Begin (gal) 0Tank Size (gal) 10,000
(*) starting with water in storage
RWH System Sizing Calculator
http://www.twdb.texas.gov/innovativewater/rainwater/resources.asp
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Rain Collection Systems – Institutional
Redbud Center - Lower Colorado River Authority, Austin
Source: Texas Water Development Board
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Rain Collection Systems: Subdivision
• Subdivision-Scale Rainwater Harvesting Systems as a Water Supply Strategy– The Meadows Center for Water and the
Environment: Texas State University, San Marcos– Feasibility, facility design and management
protocol, backup supply – Texas Hill Country.
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Indirect Water Reuse
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Direct Water Reuse
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2012 State Water PlanRecommended Water Management Strategies
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060
Acr
e-fe
et/y
r
New Major Reservoirs Conservation Other Surface Water Reuse Desalination Conjunctive use ASR Other Groundwater
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13
Reuse to be added in the next 17 years*
Region 2010 decade 2020 decade
C 1,937 229,825 E - 4,312 F - 12,380 G 18,723 21,610 H 168 33,813 I - 2,872 K 54,311 8,765 L 21,666 4,380 M 3,537 7,474 N 250 - O - 2,240
Total 100,592 327,671 * 2012 State Water Plan-DB12
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Managed Aquifer Recharge
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Aquifer Storage and Recovery
In operation• Kerrville• El Paso*• San Antonio
Potential• Eastern Kerr County• New Braunfels• Guadalupe Blanco River
Authority (Lulling)• Barton Springs Edwards
Aquifer District
• Legislation filed to facilitate ASR projects• 83rd Texas Legislature – HB 3013
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Desalination of Ocean and Brackish Groundwater Sources
367 miles of coastline Availability of sites Proximity to demand
centers
Texas has an estimated 2.7 billion acre-feet of brackish groundwater
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Saline Water Desalinated Water
Concentrate and power
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Brackish Groundwater Desalination
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• 120 million gallons per day
• 44 facilities [25,000 gpd or more]
• El Paso’s Kay Bailey Hutchison Brackish Groundwater Desalination: 27.5 MGD
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Innovation in water supply
• Increase water supply efficiency• Sustainable use of sources• Cost of innovation– Research– Demonstration Jorge A. Arroyo
Water Management Consultant
512-497-0474
Jorge A. Arroyo
Water Management Consultant
512-497-0474