altus net oil computer manual - emerson electric · altus™ net oil computer manual may 2000...

ALTUS™

Net Oil Computer Manual

May 2000

Netoil_1.bk Friday, May 12, 2000 11:02 AM

ALTUS™

Net Oil Computer Manual

For technical assistance, phone the Micro Motion Customer Service Department:• In the U.S.A., phone 1-800-522-6277, 24 hours• Outside the U.S.A., phone 303-530-8400, 24 hours• In Europe, phone +31 (0) 318 549 443• In Asia, phone (65) 770-8155

Copyright ©1998, Micro Motion, Inc. All rights reserved.

Micro Motion, ELITE, and BASIS are registered trademarks, and ALTUS is a trademark of Micro Motion, Inc., Boulder, Colorado. Hastelloy is a registered trademark of Haynes International, Inc., Kokomo Indiana. Inconel is a registered trademark of Inco Alloys International, Inc., Huntington, West Virginia. Teflon is a registered trademark of E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co., Inc., Wilmington, Delaware.


ALTUS™ Net Oil Computer Manual i

Contents

1 Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 About this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Application software described in this manual. . . . . . . 11.3 Introduction to the ALTUS™ NOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Replacing an older NOC and transmitter. . . . . . . . . . . 1Water cut determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1NOC capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2 Installation Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.1 Piping arrangement and ancillary equipment . . . . . . . 32.2 Sensor installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Sensor orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Avoiding inaccurate flow counts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

2.3 Flow direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3 Using the Person-Process Interface . . . . . . . . . . 93.1 Person-Process Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.2 Security button. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.3 Function buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.4 Cursor control buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

4 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.1 Recording the configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.2 Configuration sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Step 1 Configure well performance measurements . . . . . . . . 15

Mode of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Units of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Well data-densities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Compensations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Step 2 Configure system data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Step 3 Configure inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Flow variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Density inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Sensor calibration data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Sensor information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Step 4 Configure outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Discrete outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Milliamp outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Pulse output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

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ii ALTUS™ Net Oil Computer Manual

Contents continued

5 Using the View Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435.1 Accessing the view menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435.2 Well performance measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Continuous mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Well test mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

5.3 Process totalizers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455.4 Inventory totalizers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465.5 Active alarm log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475.6 LCD options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475.7 Diagnostic monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485.8 Applications list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485.9 Power outage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

6 Continuous Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496.1 Continuous mode configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496.2 Startup and display test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496.3 Process monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496.4 Accessing continuous mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496.5 Viewing production measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506.6 Quick view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526.7 Pause and resume. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526.8 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

7 Well Test Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557.1 Well test mode configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557.2 Startup and display test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557.3 Process monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557.4 Accessing well test mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557.5 Conducting a well test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567.6 Stopping and continuing a well test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587.7 Viewing performance measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607.8 Viewing performance measurements for the

current test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617.9 Viewing previous well tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

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ALTUS™ Net Oil Computer Manual iii

Contents continued

8 Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678.1 Alarm messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Responding to alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67NOC alarm messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Transmitter alarm messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Alarms that do not generate fault outputs . . . . . . . . . 69Fault outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Critical status fault alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Transmitter failure fault alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Fault alarms requiring troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . 75Active alarm log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

8.2 Customer service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 788.3 Setting outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Setting discrete outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Setting milliamp outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Setting the frequency output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

8.4 Density calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Density unit for calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Duplicating the factory calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Duplicating a previous calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Two-point density calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

9 Laboratory Determination of Dry Oil and Produced Water Densities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

9.1 Reasons for using live oil density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 879.2 Laboratory density measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Taking a sample from the flow line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Processing sample and measuring densities . . . . . . 91

10 In-Line Determination of Live Oil andProduced Water Densities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

10.1 Reasons for using live oil density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9310.2 In-line density determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Density determination procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Measuring and saving the water density . . . . . . . . . . 94Manually entering the water density . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99Measuring and saving the oil density . . . . . . . . . . . . 103Entering the water cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

11 Sensitivity Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10711.1 Error factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10711.2 Individual sensitivity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10711.3 Overall uncertainty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

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iv ALTUS™ Net Oil Computer Manual

Contents continued

12 Software Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11112.1 View menu in well test mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11112.2 View menu in continuous mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11212.3 Configuration menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11312.4 Maintenance menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

AppendixesAppendix A ALTUS™ NOC Software Configuration

Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Appendix B Return Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

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ALTUS™ Net Oil Computer Manual v

Contents continued

FiguresFigure 1-1 Water cut calculation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Figure 2-1 Typical installation, Micro Motion® sensor and

NOC with 3-phase separator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Figure 2-2 Typical installation, Micro Motion® sensor and

NOC with 2-phase separator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Figure 2-3 Sensor in horizontal pipe run,

tubes downward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Figure 2-4 Sensor in vertical pipe run. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Figure 3-1 Person-Process Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Figure 3-2 Pressing security button, security disabled . . . . . . . 10Figure 3-3 Pressing security button, security enabled . . . . . . . 10Figure 3-4 Function buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Figure 3-5 Cursor control buttons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Figure 4-1 Effect of transient bubbles on density . . . . . . . . . . . 22Figure 4-2 Holding at last measured density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Figure 4-3 Correction of density readings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Figure 4-4 Flow calibration values on sensor serial

number tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Figure 4-5 D1 and D2 on sensor serial number tag . . . . . . . . . 30Figure 4-6 K1 and K2 on sensor serial number tag . . . . . . . . . 31Figure 4-7 K1 and K2 values from comments section . . . . . . . 32Figure 4-8 K1 and K2 values from second page . . . . . . . . . . . 32Figure 4-9 FD and dens temp coeff on sensor serial

number tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Figure 5-1 Using buttons in the view menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Figure 6-1 Process monitor mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Figure 7-1 Process monitor mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Figure 8-1 Model 3500 sensor wiring terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Figure 8-2 Model 3700 sensor wiring terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Figure 9-1 Sample port for laboratory density

measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Figure 9-2 Laboratory sampling procedure using

water-filled cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Figure 9-3 Laboratory sampling procedure using

empty cylinder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90Figure 9-4 Laboratory density measurement system,

low pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Figure 9-5 Laboratory density measurement system,

high pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Figure 10-1 Stratification with no flow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Figure 10-2 Diameter and length of cylindrical vessel . . . . . . . . 97Figure 10-3 Taking a water sample from the separator . . . . . . . 101Figure 10-4 Using a hygrometer to measure water density . . . . 101Figure 10-5 Taking an oil sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

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vi ALTUS™ Net Oil Computer Manual

Contents continued

TablesTable 4-1 Densities and deviations for continuous mode . . . . 18Table 4-2 Well data for well test mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Table 4-3 Transient bubble remediation parameters . . . . . . . . 23Table 4-4 System parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Table 4-5 Flow variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Table 4-6 Density inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Table 4-7 Temperature inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Table 4-8 Flow calibration values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Table 4-9 D1 and D2 density values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Table 4-10 K1 and K2 tube period values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Table 4-11 FD and dens temp coeff values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Table 4-12 Nominal FD values for sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Table 4-13 Temperature calibration values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Table 4-14 Sensor information variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Table 4-15 Discrete output 1 power sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Table 4-16 Discrete output assignment variables . . . . . . . . . . . 36Table 4-17 Fault conditions and settings for

milliamp outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Table 4-18 Process variables for milliamp outputs . . . . . . . . . . 38Table 4-19 Calibration span variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Table 4-20 Pulse output variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Table 6-1 Continuous production measurements . . . . . . . . . . 51Table 7-1 Performance measurements for

current well test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Table 7-2 Performance measurements for

previous well tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Table 8-1 Using NOC alarms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Table 8-2 Using slug flow alarms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Table 8-3 Using output saturation alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Table 8-4 Using totalizer alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Table 8-5 Using calibration and trim alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Table 8-6 Using conditional status alarms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Table 8-7 Fault output levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Table 8-8 Configurations for fault outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Table 8-9 Using critical status fault alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Table 8-10 Using transmitter failure fault alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Table 8-11 Troubleshooting excessive drive gain . . . . . . . . . . . 75Table 8-12 Nominal resistance ranges for

flowmeter circuits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Table 8-13 Troubleshooting sensor error fault alarms . . . . . . . . 77Table 8-14 Density of air in grams per cubic centimeter . . . . . . 84Table 8-15 Maximum flow rates for high-density

calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Table 8-16 Density of water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Table 9-1 Laboratory equipment for determining live oil

and produced water densities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Table 10-1 Approximate capacity of cylindrical vessels. . . . . . 97Table 10-2 Approximate capacity of spherical ends . . . . . . . . 97Table 11-1 Uncertainty factors for percent water cut and

percent net oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

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ALTUS™ Net Oil Computer Manual 1

Configuration

Using the V

iew M

enuC

ontinuous Mode

Before You B

eginInstallation C

onsiderationsU

sing the Person-P

rocess Interface

1 Before You Begin

1.1 About this manual This manual explains how to configure, operate, and maintain the ALTUS™ Net Oil Computer (NOC). This manual does not explain installation or wiring. For information about installation and wiring, see the ALTUS Installation Manual.

1.2 Application software described in this manual

This manual pertains to software menus that enable operation, configuration, and maintenance of the NOC.• The ALTUS applications platform has software functions that do not

pertain to the NOC.• For information about software functions that are not described in

this manual, refer to the installation and detailed setup manuals for the applications platform.

1.3 Introduction to the ALTUS™ NOC

The ALTUS NOC works with a Micro Motion® sensor to produce real-time measurements of water cut, net oil volume flow, and net water volume flow. The NOC measures full-stream mass flow and volumetric flow at rates from a few barrels to more than 100,000 barrels per day.

Replacing an older NOC and transmitter

If an ALTUS NOC is installed as a replacement for an older Micro Motion Net Oil Computer and RFT9739 or RFT9712 transmitter, power-supply and output wiring does not need to be replaced. Because transmitter software is included with the ALTUS NOC, a transmitter is not required.

Water cut determination The NOC calculates water cut from the following equation:

Where:De = Emulsion densityDo = Oil densityDw = Water density

Figure 1-1 , page 2, shows how water cut is calculated by the NOC. The operator enters the oil and water densities at the reference temperature (60°F in Figure 1-1 ). The Micro Motion sensor measures the fluid temperature (100°F in Figure 1-1 ). The NOC extrapolates the densities to the operating temperature, using an API equation for oil and a Chevron Research equation for produced water. The water cut equation is solved at operating temperature, then referenced back to 60°F. Using water cut, mass flow rate, and net oil and water densities, the NOC calculates net oil, net water, and gross flow at reference temperature.

Water cutDe Do–

Dw Do–---------------------=

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2 ALTUS™ Net Oil Computer Manual

Before You Begin continued

Figure 1-1. Water cut calculation

NOC capabilities The NOC can operate in continuous mode or well test mode:• In continuous mode, the NOC can continuously monitor a well,

separator, or pipeline.• In well test mode, the NOC can perform a well test on any of up to 48

different wells. Well performance data for the test that is in progress or for previous tests can be viewed during the test.

The NOC nonvolatile memory archives data acquired during the last three well tests. The NOC resumes testing if a power failure or shutoff interrupts the test that is in progress. The last three power outages are recorded with power-on and power-off time/date stamps.

The NOC has three discrete outputs, two milliamp outputs, and a pulse output:• Discrete output 1 can be an alarm for transient bubble remediation.• Discrete output 2 indicates net oil. It produces 10 output pulses per

barrel or 10 output pulses per cubic meter of net oil.• Discrete output 3 indicates net water. It produces 10 output pulses

per barrel or 10 output pulses per cubic meter of net water.• Milliamp output 1 can indicate any measured variable.• Milliamp output 2 can indicate any measured variable.• The pulse output can represent a flow variable.

The NOC can remediate density readings to compensate for the presence of transient bubbles in the sensor. If erratic density resulting from transient bubbles causes sensor drive gain to exceed the programmed value, the NOC can be programmed to respond in one of three ways:• The NOC can hold the density value that was measured at a

specified time before transient bubbles were detected.• The NOC can produce an alarm indicating the presence of transient

bubbles. The alarm can be assigned to discrete output 1.• The NOC can stop the well test that is in progress.

Water cutDe Do–

Dw Do–---------------------=

Produced water density

Crude oil density

Temperature (°F)

60° 90° 100° 120° 150°

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

0.85

0.80

0.75

0.70

Den

sity

(g/

cc)

Produced water density entered in NOC

Crude oil density entered in NOC



Configuration

Using the V

iew M

enuC

ontinuous Mode

Before You B

eginInstallation C

onsiderationsU

sing the Person-P

rocess Interface

2 Installation Considerations

2.1 Piping arrangement and ancillary equipment

Figure 2-1 , page 4, shows a typical installation of a sensor and an NOC when a 3-phase test separator is used.

Figure 2-2 , page 4, shows a typical installation of a sensor and an NOC when a 2-phase test separator is used.

Adhere to the following general guidelines:• Design and size the test separator to ensure complete separation of

the entrained gas from the liquid phase.• Size the Coriolis sensor so that at maximum liquid flow, pressure

drop is less than 3 psi.• Install the sensor as far below the test separator as possible.• Install the sensor upstream from the dump valve .• Balance any sensor pressure drop with hydrostatic head, measured

from the lowest level in the separator down to the sensor inlet. Rule of thumb: pressure drop should be about 0.4 psi per foot.

• If the liquid temperature is significantly different from the ambient temperature, thermally insulate or heat trace the sensor and upstream pipe to minimize paraffin coating and transient temperature at the start of dumping periods.

• Install a meter proving loop, if required.• Install a static mixer and sampling port for calibration and verification

purposes. Locate the static mixer and sampling port downstream from the sensor and the proving loop connections.

• Make sure the dump valve is capable of regulating back pressure and controlling the liquid flow rate.



Installation Considerations continued

Figure 2-1. Typical installation, Micro Motion® sensor and NOC with 3-phase separator

Figure 2-2. Typical installation, Micro Motion® sensor and NOC with 2-phase separator




Configuration

Using the V

iew M

enuC

ontinuous Mode

Before You B

eginInstallation C

onsiderationsU

sing the Person-P

rocess Interface

2.2 Sensor installation Install the sensor according to the appropriate sensor instruction manual.

Sensor orientation If possible, mount the sensor with its flow tubes downward in a horizontal pipe run, as shown in Figure 2-3 .

If necessary to prevent sand or other solid particles from accumulating in the flow tubes, or to accommodate existing vertical piping, mount the sensor in a vertical pipe run, as shown in Figure 2-4 . The oil/water interface should flow upward through the pipeline.

Figure 2-3. Sensor in horizontal pipe run, tubes downward

Figure 2-4. Sensor in vertical pipe run

Flow direction

Flo

w d

irect

ion




Avoiding inaccurate flow counts

Because the crude oil in the separator is at an equilibrium condition, any pressure reduction can cause the solution gas (i.e., the light end components) to break out from the saturated crude oil.

Even a seemingly small amount of free gas in the liquid phase can result in substantial measurement errors in water cut and net oil. (See pages 107-109 to estimate the effect of free gas).

The amount of gas that is produced varies, and depends on the properties of the crude oil and the operating conditions.

To prevent formation of solution gas in the flowmeter, the following criterion should be followed:

Where:Pg = Static head pressure of liquid, measured from liquid level at

separator to sensor inletPp = Frictional pressure loss of flow line, from test separator to

sensor inletPm = Pressure drop across sensor

Detailed pressure drop calculations are strongly recommended during design and installation of the piping system.

CAUTION

Settling of the oil/water interface in a sensor can cause the flowmeter to indicate flow when there is no flow.

• To avoid inaccurate flow counts, program a low flow cutoff. To program a low flow cutoff, see page 25.

• Settling of the oil/water interface is more likely to occur if the sensor is mounted in a vertical pipe run than if the sensor is mounted in a horizontal pipe run.

Pg Pp Pm+>




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The following general guidelines are suggested:• To maximize the static head gain (Pg), install the sensor as far below

the test separator as possible.• Note that 1 psi (6.9 kPa) of static head gain results from 28 inches of

water column.• To minimize the frictional head loss (Pp), install the sensor as near as

possible to the test separator, and use larger-diameter connecting pipes. Minimize use of piping elements such as tees, elbows, and reducing unions.

• Install sampling ports, static mixer, proving connections, dump valve, back pressure regulator, or other flow-restricting devices downstream from the sensor. A full-port valve should be considered if a cutoff valve must be installed between the separator and the sensor.

• Whenever possible, frictional pressure loss should be less than 3 psi (20.7 kPa) at the maximum anticipated flow rate.

• To minimize pressure drop across the sensor (Pm), install a larger sensor. Pressure drop across the sensor should be less than 3 psi (20.7 kPa) at the maximum anticipated flow rate.

• In some environments, extremely tight emulsion occurs. Extremely tight emulsion can make removal of entrained gas difficult, even with a large separator. Using a suitable demulsifier chemical to break down the emulsion is a possible method of alleviating this problem.

If the sensor is installed directly at the wellhead, (i.e., if a test separator is not used), the line pressure at the sensor should be maintained above the crude oil bubble point pressure.

2.3 Flow direction The sensor measures accurately regardless of flow direction. The arrow on the sensor housing indicates normal forward flow direction. Refer to the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual for directions about setting the NOC to indicate forward flow, reverse flow, or forward and reverse flow.



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3 Using the Person-Process Interface

3.1 Person-Process Interface Figure 3-1 shows the Person-Process Interface. Use the interface to:• Configure the NOC• Monitor and control the application• Perform maintenance and diagnostic tasks

Figure 3-1. Person-Process Interface

Cursor control buttons

Security button

Backlitdisplay

Function buttons

DEVICE 1

Volume Flow4,352.33bpd

Volume Total56,485.88bbl

NEXT PRINT VIEW



Using the Person-Process Interface continued

3.2 Security button The security button is in the lower right of the interface, marked by an icon of a padlock.• If security is disabled, press the security button to access the main

menu. See Figure 3-2 .• If security has been enabled, you will be prompted to enter a

password. See Figure 3-3 .• To enable security, see the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual.

You can use the security button to return to the main menu or password entry screen. Press the security button once to return to:• The main menu, shown in Figure 3-2 , if security is disabled• The password entry screen, shown in Figure 3-3 , if security is

enabled

At the main menu or password entry screen, press EXIT to return to the operation screen.

Figure 3-2. Pressing security button, security disabled

Figure 3-3. Pressing security button, security enabled

DEVICE 1

Volume Flow

4,532.33bpd

Mass Total56,485.88bbl

NEXT PRINT VIEW

DEVICE 1

ConfigurationMaintenanceSecurityLanguage

SEL HELP EXIT

DEVICE 1

Volume Flow

4,532.33bpd

Mass Total56,485.88bbl

NEXT PRINT VIEW

Enter Password

SEL HELP EXIT




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3.3 Function buttons The pushbuttons below the display are the function buttons. The action each button performs appears on the display just above the button. Figure 3-4 reviews the functions that are assigned to each button.

Figure 3-4. Function buttons

DEVICE 1

ConfigurationMaintenanceSecurity

SEL HELP EXIT

VIEW Access the view menuACK Acknowledge an alarm messageEXIT Return to the previous screenNO Cancel action

START • Start well test• Start averaging oil or water densities

STOP • Stop well test• Stop averaging oil or water densities

CLEAR Clear all displayed valuesRESET Reset totalPAUSE • Pause counting of all displayed totals

• Pause performance measurementsRESUME • Resume counting of all displayed totals

• Resume production measurementsSEL Select the highlighted optionCHG Make a change to the highlighted optionSAVE Save a changeENTER Enter a passwordYES Proceed with actionOK Proceed with actionNEXT • Scroll to next screen

• At the last screen, scroll to the first screen• Test the next well in the sequence

RETURN Return to well test screenPGDN Page down to next help screen

HELP Show a help screenRESET Reset totalSTART Start a new well testVIEW View performance measurements for a

well that is being testedPRINT Send a ticket to a printerPGUP Page up to previous help screen

PPI.FM Page 11 Wednesday, June 7, 2000 9:21 AM



3.4 Cursor control buttons Actions performed by the function buttons apply to the item at the cursor.

Figure 3-5 , page 13, shows a typical configuration sequence involving both a menu item and a variable edit item. Pressing HELP produces a screen that has help for the item at the cursor.

MenusEach menu includes a list of items.• The cursor is a reverse-video highlight bar.• Use the up or down arrow buttons to locate the cursor at the menu

item you want to select or change.• After locating the cursor at the desired menu item, press CHG or the

right cursor button to select the item.

ItemsAfter a menu item has been selected, the cursor enables you to enter or change the selected item:• The cursor is an underscore character, which is located under a

character.• If the item has a value of Yes or No, all arrows toggle between the

two choices. Otherwise, press the up and down arrow buttons to increase or decrease the value of the character at the cursor.

• If the item has more than one digit or character (like the oil density in the example), press the left and right arrow buttons to move the cursor to the next or previous character.

• When the value is correct, press SAVE.• If you wish to cancel the change, press EXIT. The interface returns to

the previous screen without saving the changes.




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Figure 3-5. Cursor control buttons

Well Data-Densities↓

Oil Density0.9000 g/cc

Water Density1.1000 g/cc

Oil Deviation0.0005 g/cc

Water Deviation0.0005 g/cc

SAVE EXIT






CHG HELP EXIT

Move cursor up/Scroll up

Move cursor down/Scroll down

EXIT

Cursor is ahighlight bar

Increase value at cursor or toggle YES/NO

Decrease value at cursor or toggle YES/NO

Item

Indicates itemsavailable to scroll

Cursor is anunderscore

Menu

Move cursor to left or toggle YES/NO

Move cursor to right or toggle YES/NO

SELECT



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4 Configuration

4.1 Recording the configuration

While you are configuring the NOC, record configuration parameters in the NOC configuration record (Appendix A ).

4.2 Configuration sequence Failure to perform configuration tasks in the proper sequence could result in an incomplete or flawed configuration. Perform configuration tasks in the following sequence:1. Configure well performance measurements.2. Configure system data.3. Configure inputs.4. Configure outputs.

Step 1 Configure well performance measurements

Well performance measurements include the following parameters:• Mode of operation• Units of measurement• Well data – densities• Compensations

CAUTION

Selecting configuration will interrupt measurement and control functions. All outputs will go to their configured fault settings.

Set control devices for manual operation before accessing configuration menus.



Configuration continued

Mode of operation

To set the mode of operation:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Well Performance Meas.d. Select Mode of Operation.e. Select Continuous Mode or Well Test mode, then

press SAVE.

Units of measurement The units of measurement menu allows you to select a reference temperature for measuring net oil and net water.

To select a unit of temperature, see page 27.

To select a unit of volume flow, see page 25.

Mode of Operation

Continuous ModeWell Test Mode

SAVE EXIT

ConfigurationWell performance meas

Mode of operation

CAUTION

Changing the mode of operation will erase all stored test data.

To avoid erasing test data, do not change the mode of operation during a well test.

CAUTION

Changing reference temperature changes the indicated standard volumes and reference densities.

If the reference temperature is changed, change oil and water reference density values.




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To select the reference temperature:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Well Performance Meas.d. Select Units of Measurement.e. Select the desired reference temperature, then

press SAVE.

The reference temperature that is currently being used is always the one that is highlighted.

Well data-densities Continuous modeTo enter oil and water densities and deviations for continuous mode:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Well Performance Meas.d. Select Well Data-Densities.e. Use the function buttons and the cursor control

buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-1 , page 18.

Units of Measurement

60 degF15 degC20 degC

SAVE EXIT


Units of measurement






CHG HELP EXIT


Well data-densities




Oil and water densities, deviations, and duration averages are described in the chapter that explains density determination (pages 93-104).

Well Data-Densities↑



Oil Duration Ave5 sec

Water Duration Ave5 sec

CHG HELP EXIT

Table 4-1. Densities and deviations for continuous mode

Variable Default DescriptionOil density 0.9000 g/cc • If oil density at reference temperature is known, enter the density value

• If oil density at reference temperature is unknown, perform a density determination (see pages 93-104)

Water density 1.1000 g/cc • If water density at reference temperature is known, enter the density value• If water density at reference temperature is unknown, perform a density

determination (see pages 93-104)Oil deviation 0.0005 g/cc • Enter the maximum oil density deviation that will be allowed during density

determination (see pages 93-104)• If the difference between two consecutive density readings is greater than the

programmed deviation, the density average is restarted. The averaging is completed when the deviation is not exceeded during the averaging period

Water deviation 0.0005 g/cc • Enter the maximum water density deviation that will be allowed during density determination (see pages 93-104)

• If the difference between two consecutive density readings is greater than the programmed deviation, the density average is restarted. The averaging is completed when the deviation is not exceeded during the averaging period

Oil density ave 5 sec Enter the amount of time during which oil density will be averaged during density determination (see pages 93-104)

Water density ave 5 sec Enter the amount of time during which water density will be averaged during density determination (see pages 93-104)




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Well test modeTo enter well names, oil and water densities, deviations, and purge times for well test mode:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Well Performance Meas.d. Select Well Data-Densities.e. Select the menu item for the number of the well

that will be configured, then press CHG.

f. Select the well that will be configured, then press SAVE.

Well Data-Densities

Wells 1 to 12

Wells 13 to 24

Wells 25 to 36

Wells 37 to 48

CHG HELP EXIT


Well data-densities

Wells 1 to 12↓

01: Tinsley 22-14b02: N Cowden 24-17a03: R Dutton 36-13c04: B Olsen 23-15d05: 13-24-44-5E606: 08-11-23-6E207: 18-44-04-3W508: 12-28-36-6W7

SAVE EXIT




g. To enter a well name:• Begin entering characters at the far left

position• Enter up to 18 alphanumeric characters,

including spacesh. Use the function buttons and the cursor control

buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-2 .

Oil and water densities, deviations, and duration averages are described in the chapter that explains density determination (pages 93-104).

Well #1↓

Well Name:Tinsley 22-14b



Purge Time30 minutes

CHG HELP EXIT

Well #1↑



Oil Duration Ave5 sec

Water Duration Ave5 sec

CHG HELP EXIT




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Compensations The compensations menu allows you to configure the NOC to perform transient bubble remediation.

Transient bubble remediation (TBR) corrects density and water cut readings during brief periods when gas bubbles are passing through the sensor.• Figure 4-1 , page 22, illustrates the effect of

transient bubbles on measured density.• Figure 4-2 , page 22, illustrates how the NOC

holds the measured density at the time period before transient bubbles were detected, if hold last value is selected as the action taken.

• Figure 4-3 , page 22, illustrates how transient bubble remediation corrects density readings.

Table 4-2. Well data for well test mode

Variable Default Description

Well name Not applicable (none)

Beginning at the far left position, enter up to 18 alphanumeric characters, including spaces, that will serve as the name for the selected well

Oil density 0.8000 g/cc • If oil density at reference temperature is known, enter the density value• If oil density at reference temperature is unknown, perform a density

determination (see pages 93-104)Water density 1.0000 g/cc • If water density at reference temperature is known, enter the density value

• If water density at reference temperature is unknown, perform a density determination (see pages 93-104)

Purge time 30 minutes Enter the time during which, prior to a well test, measurements will not be recorded until separator contents from the previous test have been purged

Oil deviation 0.0005 g/cc • Enter the maximum oil density deviation that will be allowed during density determination (see pages 93-104)


Water deviation 0.0005 g/cc • Enter the maximum water density deviation that will be allowed during density determination (see pages 93-104)


Oil density ave 5 sec Enter the amount of time during which oil density will be averaged during density determination (see pages 93-104)

Water density ave 5 sec Enter the amount of time during which water density will be averaged during density determination (see pages 93-104)




Figure 4-1. Effect of transient bubbles on density

Figure 4-2. Holding at last measured density

Figure 4-3. Correction of density readings

15.00 V

10.00 V

5.00 V

0.00 V

Driv

e ga

in (

volts

)

1.0 g/cc

0.9 g/cc

0.8 g/cc

Density (g/cc)

Time

Drive gain (volts)

15.00 V

10.00 V

5.00 V

0.00 V

Driv

e ga

in (

volts

)

1.0 g/cc

0.9 g/cc

0.8 g/cc

Density (g/cc)

Time

Drive gain (volts)

Programmedtime period

(see Table 4-3)

Programmed drive gain level (see Table 4-3 )

15.00 V

10.00 V

5.00 V

0.00 V

Dri

ve g

ain

(vol

ts)

1.0 g/cc

0.9 g/cc

0.8 g/cc

Density (g/cc)

Time

Drive gain (volts)

Programmed drive gain level (see Table 4-3 )




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To set parameters for transient bubble remediation:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Well Performance Meas.d. Select Compensations.e. Select Transient Bubble Remd.f. Use the function buttons and the cursor control

buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-3 .Transient Bubble Remd

Drive Gain Level5.4 V

Action TakenHold Last Value

Time Period15 seconds

CHG HELP EXIT


CompensationsTransient bubble remd

Table 4-3. Transient bubble remediation parameters

Variable Default DefinitionDrive gain level 14.5 volts • Enter a value of 0.5 to 14.5 volts

• The entered value is the voltage above which the NOC will indicate transient bubbles• To determine the appropriate value, view the average and maximum values in the

view production measurements menu (see 50-51), the view current test menu (see pages 61-62), or the view well tests menu (see pages 63-65)

• Entering a value of 14.5 will disable transient bubble remediationAction taken Hold last value • Hold last value:

- The NOC will hold the measured density at the time period before transient bubbles were detected

- Transient bubbles can be indicated by discrete output 1 (see page 36)- This option requires configuration of a time period (see below)

• Stop well test:- The NOC will stop the well test if transient bubbles are detected- Transient bubbles can be indicated by discrete output 1 (see page 36)

• Alarm only: Transient bubbles will be indicated by discrete output 1 (see page 36)Time period 15 seconds If hold last value is selected as the action taken, enter the amount of time before

transient bubbles were detected that will be used to derive a density reading




Step 2 Configure system data

To configure system data:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select System.d. Use the function buttons and the cursor control


System

TagTimeDateMaster Reset

SEL HELP EXIT

ConfigurationSystem

Table 4-4. System parameters

Variable Default DescriptionTag Device 1 Enter up to 8 digits and/or characters that identify this NOC, well, or separatorTime Current time Enter a value of 0 to 23 for hours, a value of 00 to 59 for minutes, and a value of 00

to 59 for secondsDate Current date Enter 4 digits for the year, a character code for the month, and 2 digits for the day




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Step 3 Configure inputs

Flow variables To configure flow variables:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Inputs.d. Select Coriolis.e. Select Config Process Var.f. Select Flow Variables.g. Use the function buttons and the cursor control


Flow Variables↓

Flow Damping0.8 sec

Meter DirectionForward

Mass Unitsg/s

Mass Low Flow Cutoff0.00000 g/s

CHG HELP EXIT

ConfigurationInputs

CoriolisConfig process var

Flow variables

Table 4-5. Flow variables

Variable Default DescriptionFlow damping 0.8 sec • The selected value is the time required for flow outputs and displays to

achieve 63% of their new value in response to a step change at the input• Damping filters out noise or the effects of rapid changes in the flow rate

without affecting measurement accuracyMeter direction Forward • Select the direction in which process fluid will flow through the sensor

relative to the flow direction arrow on the sensor• The sensor can measure forward or backward flow

Mass units g/s • Select the desired unit of mass flow• Mass flow outputs and displays will indicate flow in the selected unit

Mass low flow cutoff 0.00000 g/s • Enter the mass flow rate below which mass flow outputs and displays will indicate zero flow

• The recommended flow cutoff is 0.02% of the flow rate that is represented by the milliamp output at 20 mA. For example, if an output of 20 mA represents 100 lb/min, the flow cutoff should 0.02 lb/min

• To set the calibration span for milliamp outputs, see page 39Volume units l/s • Select the desired unit of volume flow

• Volume flow outputs and displays will indicate flow in the selected unitVolume low flow cutoff 0.00000 l/s • Enter the volume flow rate below which volume flow outputs and displays will

indicate zero flow• The recommended flow cutoff is 0.02% of the flow rate that is represented

by the milliamp output at 20 mA. For example, if an output of 20 mA represents 100 l/min, the flow cutoff should 0.02 l/min

• To set the calibration span for milliamp outputs, see page 39




Density inputs To configure density inputs:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Inputs.d. Select Coriolis.e. Select Config Process Var.f. Select Density.g. Use the function buttons and the cursor control


Density↓

Density Unitsg/cc

Density Damping1.7 sec

Slug Low Limit0.000000 g/cc

Slug High Limit5.000000 g/cc

CHG HELP EXIT

ConfigurationInputs


Density

Table 4-6. Density inputs

Variable Default DescriptionDensity units g/cc • Select the desired unit of density

• Density outputs and displays will indicate density in the selected unitDensity damping 1.7 sec • The selected value is the time required for density outputs and displays to

achieve 63% of their new value in response to a step change at the input• Damping filters out noise or the effects of rapid changes in density without

affecting measurement accuracySlug low limit 0.000000 g/cc • Enter the desired low limit, in g/cc, for the fluid density. The recommended slug

low limit is 0.8 x the lowest density to be measured• The entered value is the density below which a slug flow alarm will be generated• The entered value should be lower than the density that will cause drive gain to

indicate the presence of transient bubbles in the sensor (see pages 21-23)• For more information about slug flow, see page 69

Slug high limit 5.000000 g/cc • Enter the desired high limit, in g/cc, for the fluid density. The recommended slug high limit is 1.4 g/cc

• The entered value is the density above which a slug flow alarm will be generated• The entered value should be higher than the density that will cause drive gain to

indicate the presence of transient bubbles in the sensor (see pages 21-23)• For more information about slug flow, see page 69

Slug time 1.0 sec • Enter the number of seconds for which flow outputs will hold their last measured flow rate while density is outside the range specified by the slug low limit and slug high limit

• If transient bubble remediation has been implemented, set slug time to 0.0 sec. If a value of 0.0 is entered, flow outputs will go to the level that indicates zero flow as soon as slug flow is detected

• The maximum slug time is 300 seconds• For more information about slug time, see page 69




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Temperature To configure temperature inputs:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Inputs.d. Select Coriolis.e. Select Config Process Var.f. Select Temperature.g. Use the function buttons and the cursor control


Temperature

Temperature UnitsdegC

Temp. Damping3.5 sec

CHG HELP EXIT

ConfigurationInputs


Temperature

Table 4-7. Temperature inputs

Variable Default DescriptionTemperature units degC • Select degrees Celsius, Fahrenheit, Rankine, or Kelvin

• Temperature outputs and displays will indicate temperature in the selected unitTemperature damping 3.5 sec • The selected value is the time required for temperature outputs and displays to

achieve 63% of their new value in response to a step change at the input• Damping filters out noise or the effects of rapid changes in temperature without

affecting measurement accuracy• If density determination will be performed, set temperature damping at 1.0 sec.

To perform a density determination, see pages 93-104




Sensor calibration data Sensor calibration data describe the sensor’s sensitivity to flow, density, and temperature.

To configure sensor calibration data:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Inputs.d. Select Coriolis.e. Select Sensor Cal Data.f. Use the function buttons and the cursor control

buttons to configure sensor calibration data.• Sensor cal data should be entered from the

sensor serial number tag or factory calibration certificate.

• Tags and certificates vary in appearance, depending on the sensor model number and manufacturing date.

Flow calibration values include the flow factor and the flow calibration temperature coefficient. To configure flow calibration values, see page 29.

Density calibration values include D1 and D2 density values, K1 and K2 tube periods, the flowing density correction factor, and the density calibration temperature coefficient. To configure density calibration values, see pages 30-34.

Temperature calibration values include the temperature slope and the temperature offset. To configure temperature calibration values, see page 35.

Sensor Cal Data↓

Flow Factor1.00000

Flocal Temp Coef5.130

D10.000000

D21.000000

CHG HELP EXIT

ConfigurationInputs

CoriolisSensor cal data




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Flow calibration valuesFlow calibration values include the flow factor and the flow calibration temperature coefficient. To configure flow calibration values, see Table 4-8 and Figure 4-4 .

Figure 4-4. Flow calibration values on sensor serial number tag

Table 4-8. Flow calibration values


Flow factor 1.00000 g/sec • Enter the first 5 digits of the flow cal factor (see Figure 4-4 )• The entered value is the flow rate, in g/sec, that generates 1 µsec of time shift

between velocity signals from the sensorFlowcal temp coef 5.130 • Enter the last 3 digits of the flow cal factor (see Figure 4-4 )

• The entered value represents the percent change in the measured flow rate per 100°C change in temperature

Flow factor on newer tag Flow factor on older tag

19.0005.13

19.0005.13

Flocal temp coef on newer tag Flocal temp coef on older tag

19.0005.13

19.0005.13




Density calibration valuesDensity calibration values include D1 and D2 density values, K1 and K2 tube periods, the flowing density correction factor (FD), and the density calibration temperature coefficient (dens temp coeff).• To configure D1 and D2, see Table 4-9 and Figure 4-5 , below.• To configure K1 and K2, see Table 4-10 and Figure 4-6 , page 31.• To configure FD and the dens temp coeff, see Table 4-11 and

Figure 4-9 , page 33.

Figure 4-5. D1 and D2 on sensor serial number tag

Table 4-9. D1 and D2 density values


D1 0.000000 g/cc • If the sensor tag shows a D1 value, enter the D1 value (see Figure 4-5 )• If the sensor tag does not show a D1 value, enter the Dens A or D1 value from

the calibration certificate• The entered value is the density of the low-density calibration fluid (Micro Motion

uses air)D2 1.000000 g/cc • If the sensor tag shows a D2 value, enter the D2 value (see Figure 4-5 )

• If the sensor tag does not show a D2 value, enter the Dens B or D2 value from the calibration certificate

• The entered value is the density of the high-density calibration fluid (Micro Motion uses water)

D1 on newer tag D2 on newer tag

0.00100.9980




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Figure 4-6. K1 and K2 on sensor serial number tag

Table 4-10. K1 and K2 tube period values

NoteIf K1 and K2 values are being entered from a factory calibration certificate:• DO NOT enter values from the COMMENTS section on the first page (see Figure 4-7 , page 32)• DO enter values listed on the second page (see Figure 4-8 , page 32)

Variable Default DescriptionK1 5000.000 • If the sensor tag shows a K1 value, enter the K1 value (see Figure 4-6 , newer tag)

• If the sensor tag does not show a K1 value, enter the first 5 digits of the density calibration factor (see Figure 4-6 , older tag)

• The entered value represents the sensor flow tube period in µsec associated with D1, adjusted to 0°C

K2 50000.000 • If the sensor tag shows a K2 value, enter the K2 value (see Figure 4-6 , newer tag)• If the sensor tag does not show a K2 value, enter the second 5 digits of the density

calibration factor (see Figure 4-6 , older tag)• The entered value represents the sensor flow tube period in µsec associated with D2,

adjusted to 0°C

K2 on newer tag K2 on older tag

12500142864.44

12500142864.4414282.000

K1 on newer tag K1 on older tag

12500142864.44

12500142864.4412502.000




Figure 4-7. K1 and K2 values from comments section

Figure 4-8. K1 and K2 values from second page

Do not use theseK1 and K2 values

These K1 and K2 values can be used




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Figure 4-9. FD and dens temp coeff on sensor serial number tag

Table 4-11. FD and dens temp coeff values

Variable Default DescriptionFD 0.000 • If the sensor tag shows an FD value, enter the FD value (see Figure 4-9 )

• If the sensor tag does not show an FD value, enter the appropriate FD value from Table 4-12 , page 34

• The entered value adjusts density calculations for the effect of high flow rates on measured density

Dens temp coeff 4.440000 • If the sensor tag shows a TC value, enter the TC value (see Figure 4-9 , newer tag)• If the sensor tag does not show a TC value, enter the last 3 digits of the density

calibration factor (see Figure 4-9 , older tag)• The entered value represents the percent change in the measured density per 100°C

change in temperature

Dens temp coeff on newer tag Dens temp coeff on older tag

12500142864.44

12500142864.444.44000

FD on newer tag

310




Table 4-12. Nominal FD values for sensors

Sensor model Flow tube materialNominalFD value

ELITE® CMF010 standard pressure 316L stainless steel 140CMF010 standard pressure Inconel® 686 220CMF010 high pressure Inconel 686 760CMF025 standard pressure 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy® C-22 450CMF050 standard pressure 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 430CMF100 standard pressure 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 230CMF200 standard pressure 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 320CMF300 standard pressure 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 280

BASIS® F025S 316L stainless steel 0F050S 316L stainless steel 0F100S 316L stainless steel 0F200S 316L stainless steel 350

Model D DS006 standard pressure 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 450DS012 standard pressure 316L stainless steel 900DS012 standard pressure Hastelloy C-22 490DS025 standard pressure 316L stainless steel 110DS025 standard pressure Hastelloy C-22 330DS040 standard pressure 316L stainless steel 220DS040 standard pressure Hastelloy C-22 610DS065 standard pressure 316L stainless steel 310DS100 standard pressure 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 520DS150 standard pressure 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 480DS150 standard pressure 316L stainless steel with Tefzel® lining 640DS300 standard pressure 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 200DS300 standard pressure 316L stainless steel with Tefzel lining 260DS600 standard pressure 316L stainless steel 50

Model DH DH006 high pressure 316L stainless steel 0DH012 high pressure 316L stainless steel 0DH025 high pressure 316L stainless steel 0DH038 high pressure 316L stainless steel 0DS100 high pressure 316L stainless steel 0DH150 high pressure 316L stainless steel 0DH300 high pressure 316L stainless steel 0

Model DL DL065 316L stainless steel 210DL100 316L stainless steel 670DL200 316L stainless steel 150

Model DT DT065 Hastelloy C-22 550DT100 Hastelloy C-22 380DT150 Hastelloy C-22 130




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Temperature calibration valuesTemperature calibration values include the temperature slope and the temperature offset. To configure temperature calibration values, see Table 4-13 .

Sensor information Sensor information includes variables that serve as references without affecting calibration parameters, totalizers, or outputs.

To configure sensor information:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Inputs.d. Select Coriolis.e. Select Sensor Information.f. Use the function buttons and the cursor control


Table 4-13. Temperature calibration values


Temperature slope 1.000000 • Enter the temperature slope value provided by Micro Motion, or perform a temperature calibration

• To perform a temperature calibration, see the ALTUS Detailed Setup ManualTemperature offset 0.000000 • Enter the temperature offset value provided by Micro Motion, or perform a

temperature calibration• To perform a temperature calibration, see the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual

Sensor Information↓

Sensor Model No.CMF025

Sensor Serial No.000000

Sensor Material304 SS

Sensor End ConnectionANSI 150

CHG HELP EXIT

ConfigurationInputs

CoriolisSensor information

Table 4-14. Sensor information variables

Variable Default DescriptionSensor model no. Uninitialized Enter a description of the sensor model, such as "CMF300"Sensor serial no. 000000 Enter the serial number that is on the sensor serial number tagSensor material 304 SS Select the appropriate sensor flow tube material (304 SS, 316L SS, Hastelloy C,

Inconel, or Tantalum)Sensor end connection ANSI 150 Select the appropriate flange, union fitting, sanitary fitting, or wafer fittingSensor liner None Select the appropriate liner material for the sensor flow tubes (Tefzel or none)




Step 4 Configure outputs

Discrete outputs To configure discrete outputs:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Outputs.d. Select Discrete Outputs.e. Select Discrete Output 1, Discrete Output 2, or

Discrete Output 3.f. Use the function buttons and the cursor control

buttons to configure the power source and assignment for the selected discrete output.

Power sourceDiscrete outputs can be connected to factory-supplied or user-supplied relays.• To select the appropriate power source for

discrete output 1, see Table 4-15 , below.• The power source for discrete output 2 and

discrete output 3 cannot be configured.• For relay specifications and installation

instructions, see the ALTUS Installation Manual.

AssignmentDiscrete output 1 can be inactive or can indicate transient bubble remediation. See Table 4-16 .• Discrete output 2 represents net oil.• Discrete output 3 represents net water.

Discrete Output 1

Power SourceInternal

AssignmentNone

CHG HELP EXIT

ConfigurationOutputs

Discrete outputsDiscrete output 1Discrete output 2Discrete output 3

Table 4-15. Discrete output 1 power sources

NoteFor relay specifications and installation instructions, see the ALTUS Installation Manual

Relay type Default Power sourceFactory-supplied relays Internal Select internal powerUser-supplied relays Internal • Select internal power if relays are internally powered

• Select external power if relays are externally powered

Table 4-16. Discrete output assignment variables

Discrete output Variable Default DescriptionDiscrete output 1 Transient bubble

remediation eventNone Discrete output 1 will indicate high drive gain

None Discrete output 1 will be inactiveDiscrete output 2 Net oil Cannot be

re-assignedDiscrete output 2 will produce 10 output pulses per barrel or 10 output pulses per cubic meter of net oil

Discrete output 3 Net water Cannot be re-assigned

Discrete output 3 will produce 10 output pulses per barrel or 10 output pulses per cubic meter of net water




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Milliamp outputs Configuring milliamp outputs includes the following procedures:• Configuring fault indication• Assigning a process variable to the output• Configuring the calibration span

Fault indicationTo configure fault indication for milliamp outputs:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Outputs.d. Select Milliamp Outputs.e. Select Milliamp Output 1 or Milliamp Output 2.f. Select Fault Indication.g. Use the function buttons and the cursor control

buttons to configure the condition and setting of fault indicators for the selected milliamp output.• Condition: Milliamp outputs can produce

downscale, upscale, last measured value, or internal zero fault indicators. See Table 4-17 . The default condition is downscale.

• Setting: If downscale or upscale is selected as the fault condition, the setting determines the amount of current that indicates a fault. See Table 4-17 .

Fault Indication

ConditionDownscale

Setting3.60 mA

CHG HELP EXIT


Milliamp outputsMilliamp output 1

Fault indicationMilliamp output 2

Fault indication

CAUTION

Using last measured value or internal zero may hamper identification of fault outputs.

To make sure fault outputs can be identified, select downscale or upscale.

Table 4-17. Fault conditions and settings for milliamp outputs

Note

The default condition for fault indication is downscale

Condition DescriptionDefault setting

Downscale Can be configured from 1.0 to 3.6 mA 3.6 mAUpscale Can be configured from 21.0 to 24.0 mA 22.0 mALast measured value • Holds at the mA value that represents the last measured value for the process

variable before the fault occurred• Apparent lack of variation in the process variable could indicate a fault

Not applicable

Internal zero • Goes to the mA value that represents a value of 0.0 for the process variable• An apparent value of 0.0 for the process variable could indicate a fault

Not applicable




Process variableTo configure process variables for milliamp outputs:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Outputs.d. Select Milliamp Outputs.e. Select Milliamp Output 1 or Milliamp Output 2.f. Select Variable Assignment.g. Press CHG to access the process variable menu.h. Use the function buttons and the cursor control

buttons to select one of the process variables listed in Table 4-18 .Process Variable

↓NoneFrequency InputUnc Oil RateUnc Water CutUnc Water RateNet Oil RateWater CutGross Flow RateNet Water RateAve Unc Oil Rate

SAVE EXIT



Variable assignmentMilliamp output 2

Variable assignment

Table 4-18. Process variables for milliamp outputs

Variable Default Description (what the output will represent)Frequency input Mass flow Process variable that is represented by the frequency inputUnc oil rate Uncorrected flow rate of oilUnc water cut Uncorrected water cutUnc water rate Uncorrected flow rate of waterBackflow rate Real-time reverse flow rateNet oil rate Real-time net flow rate of oil at reference temperatureWater cut Real-time water cut at reference temperatureGross flow rate Real-time flow rate of oil and waterNet water rate Real-time net flow rate of water at reference temperatureAve unc oil rate Average uncorrected flow rate of oilAve unc water cut Average uncorrected water cutAve unc gross flow Uncorrected average flow rate of oil and waterAve unc water rate Uncorrected average flow rate of waterAve net oil rate Average net flow rate of oil at reference temperatureAve water cut Average water cut at reference temperatureAve gross flow rate Average flow rate of oil and waterAve net water rate Average net flow rate of oil at reference temperatureTemperature TemperatureMass flow rate Mass flow rateMass flow live zero Flow rate when it drops below the mass low flow cutoffDensity Density of oil and waterVol. flow rate Volume flow rate of oil and waterDrive gain Drive gain voltage

CONFIG.FM Page 38 Wednesday, June 7, 2000 9:21 AM



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Calibration spanTo configure the calibration span for milliamp outputs:a. Press the security button on the display face.b. Select Configuration.c. Select Outputs.d. Select Milliamp Outputs.e. Select Milliamp Output 1 or Milliamp Output 2.f. Select Calibration Span.

• The calibration span menu item appears only after a process variable has been assigned to the output.

• To assign process variables to milliamp outputs, see page 38.

g. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-19 .

Calibration Span↓

20.0mA0.00 g/s

4.0mA0.000 g/s

Low Flow Cutoff0.00 g/s

Damping Seconds0

CHG HELP EXIT



Calibration spanMilliamp output 2

Calibration span

Table 4-19. Calibration span variables

Notes• The calibration span menu item appears only after a process variable has been assigned to the output• To assign process variables to milliamp outputs, see page 38• Some values are dependent on sensor calibration data. To configure sensor calibration data, see pages 18-26

Variable Default Description20 mA Sensor upper limit • Enter the value the output will represent at 20.0 mA

• The entered value must be greater than the 4.0 mA value4 mA Sensor lower limit • Enter the value the output will represent at 4.0 mA

• The entered value must be less than the 20.0 mA valueLow flow cutoff 0 for all variables If a flow variable is assigned to the output, the low flow cutoff is the flow rate below

which the output will indicate zero flowDamping seconds 0 sec • Select the amount of added damping for the milliamp output

• The selected value is the amount of time that is added to damping on flow, density, or temperature

4.0 mA minimum Not applicable(read-only)

The lowest value that can be represented by the output20.0 mA maximum The highest value that can be represented by the outputMinimum span • The smallest allowable difference between the value represented at 4.0 mA and

the value represented at 20.0 mA• The 20.0 mA value must be greater than the 4.0 mA value




Pulse output To configure the pulse output:1. Press the security button on the display face.2. Select Configuration.3. Select Outputs.4. Select Frequency Output.5. Use the function buttons and the cursor control

buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-20 .Frequency Output

↓Flow Source

NoneFlow Units

kg/minScaling Method

Frequency = FlowFrequency

1000.000 Hz

CHG HELP EXIT


Frequency output

CAUTION



Table 4-20. Pulse output variables

Variable Default DescriptionFlow source Mass flow Select none, frequency input, uncorrected oil volume, uncorrected water

volume, backflow volume, net oil volume, gross volume, net water volume, mass, or volume

Scaling method Frequency = flow • Select frequency = flow, pulses/unit, or units/pulse• The frequency output has a range of 0 to 12,500 Hz

Frequency 1000.000 Hz • If frequency = flow is selected as the scaling method, enter the frequency (or pulse rate), in Hz, that represents the configured flow rate

• To scale the pulse output, see the example on page 41Flow 16,666 g/sec • If frequency = flow is selected as the scaling method, enter the flow rate

that is represented by the configured frequency• To scale the pulse output, see the example on page 41

Pulses 60.00 pulses • If pulses/unit is selected as the scaling method, enter the number of output pulses that represent one mass or volume unit

• To scale the pulse output, see the example on page 41Units 16.667 g • If units/pulse is selected as the scaling method, enter the number of

mass or volume units that are represented by one output pulse• To scale the pulse output, see the example on page 41

Maximum pulse width 511 ms • The pulse width can be configured for output frequencies below 500 Hz• Enter the desired pulse width in milliseconds

Power Active Select active or passive operation for the frequency output• Voltage is 24 VDC nominal for active operation, 20 VDC applied

maximum for passive operation• Sourcing current is 10 mA at 3 VDC for active operation• Sinking current is 500 mA for active or passive operation

Fault indication Downscale • Downscale: Output goes to 0 Hz• Upscale: Output goes to 15,000 Hz• Last measured value:

- Output holds at the frequency that represents the last measured flow rate before the fault occurred

- Apparent lack of variation in the flow rate could indicate a fault• Internal zero:

- Output goes to 0 Hz- An apparent no-flow condition could indicate a fault




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Example: Scale the pulse output so 10,000 pulses represent one barrel of actual liquid. This would be a common setting for a volumetric proving application.

a. Select volume as the flow source. Remember that gross volume is temperature-corrected, and volume is actual volume at line conditions.

b. Select bbl/day as the flow unit.

c. Select pulses per unit as the scaling method.

d. Change the frequency to 10,000 Hz.

The output pulses are now configured for 10,000 pulses per barrel.



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5 Using the View Menu

5.1 Accessing the view menu When you press VIEW at the operation screen, the view menu is displayed. Figure 5-1 shows the functions performed by the function buttons and cursor control buttons in the view menu.

Figure 5-1. Using buttons in the view menu

VIEW MENU

Well Performance MeasProcess TotalizersActive Alarm LogLCD OptionsDiagnostic MonitorApplications ListPower Outage

SEL HELP EXIT

Move cursor upward

Move cursor downward

EXITIf SEL has been pressed, move cursor toward left

SELECTIf SEL has been pressed, move cursor toward right

VIEW Access the view menuACK Acknowledge an alarm messageEXIT Return to the previous screenNO Cancel action

HELP Show a help screenRESET Reset totalSTART Start a new well testVIEW View performance measurements for a

well that is being testedPRINT Send a ticket to a printerPGUP Page up to previous help screen

START • Start well test• Start averaging oil or water densities

STOP • Stop well test• Stop averaging oil or water densities

CLEAR Clear all displayed valuesRESET Reset totalPAUSE • Pause counting of all displayed totals

• Pause performance measurementsRESUME • Resume counting of all displayed totals

• Resume production measurementsSEL Select the highlighted optionCHG Make a change to the highlighted optionSAVE Save a changeENTER Enter a passwordYES Proceed with actionOK Proceed with actionNEXT • Scroll to next screen

• At the last screen, scroll to the first screen• Test the next well in the sequence

RETURN Return to well test screenPGDN Page down to next help screen



Using the View Menu continued

5.2 Well performance measurements The tasks you can perform in the well performance measurements menu depend on the operation mode.

Continuous mode To set the NOC to operate in continuous mode, see page 16. To use the NOC in continuous mode, see pages 49-54.

In continuous mode, the well performance measurements menu includes the following items:• View Production Meas• Quick View• Pause/Resume• Reset

Well test mode To set the NOC to operate in well test mode, see page 16. To use the NOC in well test mode, see pages 55-65.

In well test mode, the items in the well performance measurements menu depend on whether or not a well test is in progress.

If a well test is not in progressIf a well test is not in progress, the well performance measurements menu includes the following items:• Start Well Test• View Well Tests

Well Performance Meas

View Production MeasQuick ViewPause / ResumeReset

SEL HELP EXIT

ViewWell performance meas


Start Well TestView Well Tests

SEL EXIT





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If a well test is in progressIf a well test is in progress, the well performance measurements menu includes the following items:• Return to Well Test• Start Well Test• View Current Test

5.3 Process totalizers In the view menu, you can monitor or reset process totals, and pause and resume counting of displayed totals.

The volume that is displayed in the process totalizers menu is the measured mass divided by the measured density. Temperature compensation and reference oil and water densities are not used in this calculation. The displayed total is the actual gross volume of fluid.


Return To Well TestView Well TestsView Current Test

SEL EXIT


Process↓↑

Mass769.9 lb

Volume56,485.88 bbl

Freq Input Rollover9999999999.99 lb

Mass Rollover9999999999.99 lb

PAUSE RESET EXIT

ViewProcess totalizers

Process

CAUTION

If counting has been paused, pressing RESET will cause the total to reset to a non-zero value.

To make sure the total resets to zero, press RESET before pressing PAUSE.




To reset a process totalizer, or to pause and resume counting of the displayed totals:1. At the operation screen, press VIEW.2. Select Process Totalizers.3. Select Process.4. Select the desired process totalizer.

• To reset the selected totalizer, press RESET. Pressing reset does not affect a well test that is in progress.

• To pause counting of all displayed totals, press PAUSE.

• To resume counting of all displayed totals, press RESUME.

5. Press EXIT repeatedly to return to the operation screen.

The value to which the process total resets depends on whether or not counting has been paused.• If you press RESET without pressing PAUSE, the

total resets to zero.• If you press PAUSE, then press RESET, the total

resets to the amount that accumulated from the time counting was paused to the time the total was reset. For example, if counting was paused at 500 barrels, then 25 barrels were counted before the total was reset, the total resets to 25 barrels.

The display shows rollover values for each totalizer. The rollover value is the maximum total that can be achieved before the totalizer rolls over to zero.

5.4 Inventory totalizers To monitor inventory totalizers:1. At the operation screen, press VIEW.2. Select Process Totalizers.3. Select Inventory.4. Press EXIT repeatedly to return to the operation

screen.

The volume that is displayed in the inventory totalizers menu is the measured mass divided by the measured density. Temperature compensation and reference oil and water densities are not used in this calculation. The displayed total is the actual gross volume of fluid.

The display shows rollover values for each totalizer. The rollover value is the maximum inventory that can be achieved before the inventory rolls over to zero.

Inventory↓↑

Mass769.9 lb

Volume56,485.88 bbl

Freq Input Rollover9999999999.99 lb

Mass Rollover9999999999.99 lb

EXIT

ViewProcess totalizers

Inventory




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5.5 Active alarm log The NOC performs self-diagnostics during operation. If the NOC detects certain events or conditions, an alarm message appears in the highlight bar at the top of the screen.

If the condition that caused an alarm is present, the alarm is listed in the active alarm log.• Each alarm is time/date stamped.• The first alarm listed is the most recent.

For information about responding to alarm messages, see pages 67-78.

The active alarm log is also accessible via the maintenance menu (see page 78).

5.6 LCD options Display contrast can be adjusted for operator preference. After selecting LCD Options from the View menu:• Select Contrast to adjust the screen contrast• Select LCD Backlight to turn screen backlighting

on or off

ViewActive alarm log

Active Alarm Log

Density Alarm17-JUL-98 8:30

Temperature Alarm10-JUL-98 9:04

Alarm-Meas Paused10-JUL-98 5:10

HELP EXIT

LCD Options

ContrastLCD Backlight

SEL HELP EXIT

ViewLCD options




5.7 Diagnostic monitor The diagnostic monitor shows real-time values for drive gain, sensor flow tube frequency, and live zero.• Drive gain is useful for indicating transient

bubbles in the sensor flow tubes. To configure the NOC for transient bubble remediation, see pages 21-23.

• Tube frequency is useful for troubleshooting fault alarms. To troubleshoot fault alarms, see pages 75-77.

• Live zero is useful for monitoring the indicated flow rate when it drops below the mass low flow cutoff, or when there is no flow. To configure the mass low flow cutoff, see page 25.

5.8 Applications list The applications list shows all applications that are installed and the software revision for each. Refer to this screen if you need to know the software revision number to report problems.

5.9 Power outage The power outage menu enables you to view the power off and power on times and dates for the last three power outages that lasted more than 30 seconds.

To clear times and dates, press CLEAR.

Diagnostic Monitor

Drive Gain2.580 V

Tube Frequency89.23 Hz

Live Zero0.01 lb/min

EXIT

ViewDiagnostic monitor

Power Outage↓

#3 Power Off At06:00 28 OCT 1998

#3 Power On At06:30 28 OCT 1998

#2 Power Off At08:02 2 AUG 1998

#2 Power On At08:05 2 AUG 1998

CLEAR EXIT

ViewPower outage



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6 Continuous Mode

6.1 Continuous mode configuration

To configure the NOC to operate in continuous mode, see page 16.

6.2 Startup and display test At startup, the transmitter automatically tests its display. During display testing, all pixels darken for approximately five seconds. After the display test is completed:1. The Micro Motion® logo appears.2. An application list appears.3. The transmitter enters the operation mode, as shown in Figure 6-1 .

6.3 Process monitor The process monitor is the default operation mode. See Figure 6-1 .

6.4 Accessing continuous mode

To access the continuous mode, press VIEW.

Figure 6-1. Process monitor mode


Security button

Backlitdisplay

Function buttons

DEVICE 1

Volume Flow4,352.33bpd

Volume Total56,485.88bbl

NEXT PRINT VIEW

CONTINUE.FM Page 49 Friday, May 12, 2000 11:13 AM


Continuous Mode continued

6.5 Viewing production measurements To view production measurements:1. At the operation screen, press VIEW.2. Select Well Performance Meas.3. Select View Production Meas.

4. Select any of the production measurements that are listed in Table 6-1 , page 51.

• For net oil, water cut, net water, density, temperature, mass flow, and uncorrected flow, the display indicates the actual value, the average value, the minimum and maximum values, the time and date when minimum and maximum values were achieved, and the time and date of the last reset.

• For drive gain and back flow, the display indicates the actual value, the average value, the maximum value, the time and date when the maximum value was achieved, and the time and date of the last reset.



SEL HELP EXIT


View Production Meas

Net OilWater CutGross FlowNet WaterDrive GainDensityTemperatureBack FlowMass FlowUncorrected Flow

SEL EXIT

Net Oil↓

Actual Rate13,110 bpd

Average Rate13,050 bpd

Minimum Flow12,111 bpd

Minimum Time/Date08:23 28 SEPT 98

EXIT




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Drive gain, density, temperature, and back flow menus have an individual RESET button for each, which enables resetting of these individual values in the menu.

Drive gain, density, temperature, and back flow are also reset when well performance measurements are reset (see page 54).

Temperature↓

Actual Temperature123.4 degF

Average Temperature122.7 degF

Minimum Temperature112.6 degF


RESET EXIT


View production measTemperature

Table 6-1. Continuous production measurements

Note• For net oil, water cut, net water, density, temperature, mass flow, and uncorrected flow, the NOC indicates the actual value, the

average value, the minimum and maximum values, the time and date when minimum and maximum values were achieved, and the time and date of the last reset

• For drive gain and back flow, the NOC indicates the actual value, the average value, the maximum value, the time and date when the maximum value was achieved, and the time and date of the last reset

Production measurement DefinitionNet oil • Net oil, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60°F, 15°C, or 20°C

• Net oil cannot be reset in this menuWater cut • Water cut as 0% to 100% at 60°F, 15°C, or 20°C

• Water cut cannot be reset in this menuGross flow • Flow rate of oil and water, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60°F, 15°C, or 20°C

• Gross flow cannot be reset in this menuNet water • Net water, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60°F, 15°C, or 20°C

• Net water cannot be reset in this menuDrive gain • Sensor drive gain in volts

• Recorded drive gain can be reset individuallyDensity • Fluid density, in density unit selected during configuration

• During transient bubble remediation, the density at which the measurement is being held, if hold last value was selected as the action taken (see pages 21-23)

• Density can be reset individuallyTemperature • Fluid temperature, in temperature unit selected during configuration

• Temperature can be reset individuallyBack flow • Actual volume flow rate in reverse direction

• Back flow can be reset individuallyMass flow • Mass flow rate of all fluid

• Mass flow cannot be reset in this menuUncorrected flow • Select any of these production measurements that are not corrected for temperature:

- Uncorrected oil- Uncorrected water- Uncorrected water cut- Uncorrected gross

• Uncorrected flow cannot be reset in these menus




6.6 Quick view The quick view menu allows you to view the following values:• Average net oil rate• Net oil total• Average water cut• Average gross rate• Gross total• Average/total since last reset• Test time elapsed

To access the quick view menu:1. At the operation screen, press VIEW.2. Select Well Performance Meas.3. Select Quick View.

6.7 Pause and resume To pause or resume the accumulation of production measurements:1. At the operation screen, press VIEW.2. Select Well Performance Meas.3. Select Pause / Resume.

Quick View↓

Average Net Oil Rate30,110.98 bpd

Net Oil Total7,654,321.89 bbl

Average Water Cut12.11 %

Average Gross Rate724.29 bpd

EXIT


Quick view



SEL HELP EXIT


Pause / resume




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4. To pause accumulation of production measurements, press PAUSE.

5. To resume accumulation of production measurements, press RESUME.

Fifteen minutes after measurements have been paused, the transmitter produces an alarm message that reads, "Meas Paused."• Press ACK to acknowledge the alarm.• The "Meas Paused" alarm will be produced every

15 minutes until measurements are resumed.

Pause / Resume

Production MeasResumed

PAUSE EXIT

DEVICE 1Production Measure-ments are on

Pause

Paused Time0:08 hrs:min

RESUME EXIT

Alarm-Meas PausedNet Oil

↓Actual Rate

13,110 bpdAverage Rate

13,050 bpdMinimum Flow

12,111 bpdMinimum Time/Date

08:23 28 SEPT 98

ACK




6.8 Reset To reset performance measurements:1. At the operation screen, press VIEW.2. Select Well Performance Meas.3. Select Reset.4. When the warning screen appears, select YES to

continue to with the reset.

The display shows the time and date of the last reset, the total amount of time well performance measurements have been paused since the last reset, and the elapsed test time since the last reset.



SEL HELP EXIT


Reset

WARNING

Selecting reset will reset all of the performance measurement totals, averages, minimums, and maximums at once.

Set control devices for manual operation before selecting reset.

Reset

Last Reset All19:07 28 SEPT 1998

Paused Time0:00 hrs:min

Test Time Elapsed22:52 hrs:min

RESET EXIT



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7 Well Test Mode

7.1 Well test mode configuration

To configure the NOC to operate in the well test mode, see page 16.

7.2 Startup and display test At startup, the transmitter automatically tests its display. During display testing, all pixels darken for approximately five seconds. After the display test is completed:1. The Micro Motion® logo appears.2. An application list appears.3. The transmitter enters the operation mode, as shown in Figure 7-1 .

7.3 Process monitor The process monitor is the default operation mode. See Figure 7-1 .

7.4 Accessing well test mode To access the well test mode, press VIEW.

Figure 7-1. Process monitor mode


Security button

Backlitdisplay

Function buttons

DEVICE 1

Volume Flow352.33

bpdVolume Total

485.88bbl

NEXT PRINT VIEW



Well Test Mode continued

7.5 Conducting a well test To conduct a well test:1. At the operation screen, press VIEW.2. Select Well Performance Meas.3. Select Start Well Test.

4. Select the menu item for the number of the well that will be tested, then press CHG.

5. Select the well that will be tested, then press SAVE.



SEL EXIT


Start Well Test

Wells 1 to 12

Wells 13 to 24

Wells 25 to 36

Wells 37 to 48

CHG EXIT

Wells 1 to 12↓


SAVE EXIT




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6. Press START to start the well test.

• If purge time is zero, the NOC first indicates test time as zero, then begins counting.

• If purge time is not zero, the NOC counts downward and indicates the purge time. When the purge is completed, the elapsed test time is displayed, and continues increasing throughout the test.

• To monitor performance measurements while the test is in progress, press VIEW. For more information, see page 60.

• To stop the test, press STOP. For more information, see pages 58-59.

When the purge is complete, the NOC indicates the start time and elapsed time for the test. The Test Started time is the time when the purge was completed and the well test began.

Well #1

Well NameTinsley 22-14b

Last Test09:32 21 OCT 1998

START EXIT

DEVICE 101: Tinsley

On Test

Purge Time Remaining26:31

STOP VIEW EXIT

DEVICE 101: Tinsley

On TestTest Started

14:33 28 OCT 1998Test Time Elapsed

2:30:13

STOP VIEW EXIT




7.6 Stopping and continuing a well test To stop a well test, press STOP.

• To stop the test, press YES.• To continue the test, press NO.

• To test the next well in the sequence, press NEXT.• To start a new test on the same well, press

START.

DEVICE 101: Tinsley

On TestTest Started


2:30:13

STOP VIEW EXIT

01: Tinsley

Stop Well Test?

YES NO

DEVICE 101: Tinsley

Test StopTest Started


2:30:13

NEXT START EXIT




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If a well test has been stopped, then NEXT has been pressed as explained on page 58, the next well in the sequence can be tested.

• To test the same well again after a test has been stopped as explained on page 58, press YES.

• To return to the well selection screen that is illustrated at step 5 (page 56), press NO.

• To purge the well again, press YES.• To start a test without purging the well, press NO.

Well #2

Well NameN. Cowden 24-17a

Last Test14:30 22 OCT 1998

START EXIT

Well #1

Test this well again?

YES NO

Well #1

Purge this wellagain?

YES NO




7.7 Viewing performance measurements During a well test, you can view on-line values of performance measurements by pressing VIEW.

The NOC indicates the following performance measurements:• Actual net oil flow rate• Average net oil flow rate• Actual water cut• Average water cut• Actual gross flow rate• Average gross flow rate• Actual fluid density. During transient bubble

remediation, the density at which the measurement is being held, if hold last value was selected as the action taken (see pages 21-23)

• Actual fluid temperature

To view detailed performance measurements for a well that is being tested, see pages 61-62.

DEVICE 101: Tinsley

On TestTest Started


2:30:13

STOP VIEW EXIT

Well #1↓

Actual Net Oil Rate14,223.88 bpd

Average Net Oil Rate14,010.99 bpd

Actual Water Cut12.01 %

Average Water Cut11.89 %

RETURN HELP EXIT




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7.8 Viewing performance measurements for the current test

To view detailed performance measurements for the well that is being tested:1. At the operation screen, press VIEW.2. Select Well Performance Meas.3. Select View Current Test. This menu item

appears only while a well test is in progress.

4. Select any of the performance measurements that are listed in Table 7-1 , page 62.


Return to Well TestView Well TestsView Current Test

SEL EXIT


01: Tinsley

Net OilWater CutGross FlowNet WaterDrive GainDensityTemperatureBack FlowMass FlowUncorrected FlowTest Times

SEL EXIT




For each performance measure except test times, the NOC indicates the actual value, the average value, the minimum and maximum values, and the time and date when minimum and maximum values were achieved.Net Oil

↓Actual Rate

13,110.87 bpdAverage Rate

13,050.09 bpdMinimum Flow

12.111.07 bpdMinimum Time/Date

08:23 28 SEPT 1998

EXIT

Table 7-1. Performance measurements for current well test

NoteFor each performance measurement except test times, the NOC indicates the actual value, the average value, the minimum and maximum values, and the time and date when minimum and maximum values were achieved

Performance measure DefinitionNet oil Net oil, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60°F, 15°C, or 20°CWater cut Water cut as 0% to 100% at 60°F, 15°C, or 20°CGross flow Volume flow of oil and water, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60°F, 15°C, or 20°CNet water Net water, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60°F, 15°C, or 20°CDrive gain Sensor drive gain in voltsDensity Fluid density, in density unit selected during configurationTemperature Fluid temperature, in temperature unit selected during configurationBack flow Reverse flow rate of all fluidMass flow Mass flow rate of all fluidUncorrected flow Select any of these performance measurements that are not corrected for temperature:

• Uncorrected oil• Uncorrected water• Uncorrected water cut• Uncorrected gross

Test times View the following times:• Test started• Test time elapsed• Transient bubble time




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7.9 Viewing previous well tests To view performance measurements for well tests that have been completed:1. At the operation screen, press VIEW.2. Select Well Performance Meas.3. Select View Well Tests.

4. Select the menu item for the number of the well that has been tested, then press CHG.

5. Select a well that has already been tested, then press SAVE.



SEL EXIT


Start Well Test

Wells 1 to 12

Wells 13 to 24

Wells 25 to 36

Wells 37 to 48

CHG EXIT

Wells 1 to 12↓


SAVE EXIT




6. Select the time and date of the test for which performance measurements will be viewed. The listed time is the time when the purge was completed and the well test began.

7. Select any of the performance measurements that are listed in Table 7-2 , page 65.

For each performance measure except test times, the NOC indicates the average value, the minimum and maximum values, and the time and date when minimum and maximum values were achieved.

Well #1

01:42 14 OCT 199810:12 13 SEP 199809:04 14 AUG 1998

SEL HELP EXIT

01: Tinsley

Net OilWater CutGross FlowNet WaterDrive GainDensityTemperatureBack FlowMass FlowUncorrected FlowTest Times

SEL EXIT

01: Tinsley↓

Average Rate13,050.09 bpd

Minimum Flow12.111.07 bpd


Maximum Flow14,097.45 bpd

EXIT




Configuration

Using the V

iew M

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ontinuous Mode

Before You B

eginInstallation C

onsiderationsU

sing the Person-P

rocess Interface

Table 7-2. Performance measurements for previous well tests

NoteFor each performance measurement except test times, the NOC indicates the average value, the minimum and maximum values, and the time and date when minimum and maximum values were achieved

Performance measure DefinitionNet oil Net oil, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60°F, 15°C, or 20°CWater cut Water cut as 0% to 100% at 60°F, 15°C, or 20°CGross flow Volume flow of oil and water, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60°F, 15°C, or 20°CNet water Net water, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60°F, 15°C, or 20°CDrive gain Sensor drive gain in voltsDensity Fluid density, in density unit selected during configurationTemperature Fluid temperature, in temperature unit selected during configurationBack flow Reverse flow rate of all fluidMass flow Mass flow rate of all fluidUncorrected flow Select any of these performance measurements that are not corrected for temperature:

• Uncorrected oil• Uncorrected water• Uncorrected water cut• Uncorrected gross

Test times View the following times:• Test started• Test time elapsed• Transient bubble time



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8 Maintenance

8.1 Alarm messages The NOC performs self-diagnostics during operation. If the NOC detects certain events or conditions, an alarm message appears in the highlight bar at the top of the screen.

If the alarm condition must be acknowledged, press ACK to acknowledge the alarm.

Responding to alarms To respond to an alarm, press HELP, then follow the instructions on the screen.• The help screen explains what the alarm means.• The help screen will tell you what to do. You may

be advised to perform an action, or to contact someone.

• If the help occupies more than one screen, you can read all the help screens by pressing PGDN (page down) or PGUP (page up).

Temperature AlarmNet Oil

↓Actual Rate

13,110.87 bpdAverage Rate

13,050.09 bpdMinimum Flow

12.111.07 bpdMinimum Time/Date

08:23 28 SEPT 1998

HELP ACK

Temperature Alarm

Sensor temperature isoutside the range ofcalculation accuracyfor the NOC applica-tion. This range is0 to 302 degF or -18to 150 degC.

EXIT



Maintenance continued

NOC alarm messages The NOC produces alarm messages in the following situations:• Drive gain indicates transient bubbles in the Coriolis sensor.• Process temperature or density goes outside the acceptable range

for the application.• Production measures have been paused for more than 15 minutes in

the continuous operation mode.

Table 8-1 summarizes NOC alarms and lists corrective actions.

Transmitter alarm messages

The ALTUS transmitter produces several types of alarm messages.

The following types of alarms do not drive outputs to fault levels:• Slug flow and output saturation alarms• Totalizer alarms• Calibration and trim alarms• Conditional status alarms

The following types of alarms drive outputs to fault levels:• Critical status fault alarms• Transmitter failure fault alarms• Sensor error fault alarms

Table 8-1. Using NOC alarms

Notes• To get help troubleshooting an alarm message, press HELP, then follow the instructions• To acknowledge an alarm message, press ACK

Alarm message Cause ActionTBR Alarm Transient bubbles in Coriolis sensor • Check for cavitation, flashing, or bubble carry-under

• Monitor density• If desired, increase drive gain above which presence of

transient bubbles will be indicated (see page 23)• If desired, configure NOC to stop the well test if

transient bubbles are detected (see page 23)• If desired, configure NOC to hold last value (see

page 23)Density Alarm Density has gone below 0.6100 g/cc or

has gone above 1.1400 g/cc• Check drive gain to see if gas has caused low density• Check drive gain to see if sediment has caused high

densityTemperature Alarm Temperature has gone below 0°F

(–18°C) or above 302°F (150°C)• Bring temperature within acceptable limits• Temperature is outside the specified accuracy range,

but production is still being measuredPause Alarm Production measurements have been

paused for more than 15 minutes in continuous mode

• Acknowledge alarm• Resume accumulation of production measurements




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Alarms that do not generate fault outputs

Slug flow alarmsConditions such as slug flow (large gas bubbles in a liquid flow stream) adversely affect sensor performance by causing erratic vibration of the flow tubes, which in turn causes the transmitter to produce inaccurate flow signals. If you program slug limits, a slug flow condition causes the transmitter to produce slug flow alarms.

The "Slug Flow" alarm indicates slug flow has occurred for less than the amount of time that is configured for the slug time. Outputs indicating the flow rate remain at the last measured flow rate before the slug flow condition occurred.

The "Slug Timeout" alarm indicates slug flow has occurred for more than the amount of time that is configured for the slug time. If the "Slug Timeout" alarm occurs, outputs indicating the flow rate go to the level that represents zero flow.• All outputs other than flow rate outputs continue to indicate the

measured value for the process variable.• The flowmeter resumes normal operation when density stabilizes

within the programmed slug flow limits.• Slug time can be up to 300 seconds.• If slug time is configured for 0.0 seconds, outputs indicating the flow

rate will go to the level that represents zero flow as soon as slug flow is detected.

Table 8-2 summarizes slug flow alarms and lists corrective actions.

Table 8-2. Using slug flow alarms


Alarm message Cause ActionSlug Flow • Gas bubbles are causing density to go

below low slug flow limit• Solids are causing process density to

exceed high slug flow limit

• Check process for cavitation, flashing, or leaks• Monitor density• If desired, enter new slug flow limits (see page 26)• If desired, increase slug time (see page 26)

Slug Timeout Slug flow has occurred for more than amount of time configured for slug time




Output saturation alarmsIf an output variable exceeds the upper range limit or goes below the lower range limit, the transmitter produces an output saturation alarm. The alarm can mean the output variable is outside appropriate limits for the process, or can mean measurement units need to be changed.

Table 8-3 summarizes output saturation alarms and lists corrective actions.

Totalizer alarmsIf the totalizers are operating, the transmitter produces totalizer alarms. Table 8-4 summarizes totalizer alarms and lists corrective actions.

Table 8-3. Using output saturation alarms

Notes

• To get help troubleshooting an alarm message, press HELP, then follow the instructions• To acknowledge an alarm message, press ACK

Alarm message Cause ActionFreq. Out Saturated Frequency output has exceeded 12,500 Hz • Alter fluid process

• Change flow unit (see page 40)• Change frequency and flow values, pulses per unit,

or units per pulse (see pages 40-41)mA Out 1 High Sat Milliamp output 1 has exceeded 20.5 mA • Alter fluid process

• Increase value of variable represented by milliamp output 1 at 20 mA (see page 39)

mA Out 1 Low Sat Milliamp output 1 has gone below 3.8 mA • Alter fluid process• Decrease value of variable represented by

milliamp output 1 at 4 mA (see page 39)mA Out 2 High Sat Milliamp output 2 has exceeded 20.5 mA • Alter fluid process

• Increase value of variable represented by milliamp output 2 at 20 mA (see page 39)

mA Out 2 Low Sat Milliamp output 2 has gone below 3.8 mA • Alter fluid process• Decrease value of variable represented by

milliamp output 2 at 4 mA (see page 39)Drive Overrange • Severely erratic or complete cessation of

flow tube vibration• Plugged flow tube

• Fill sensor with process fluid• Bring flow rate within sensor limit• Purge flow tubes

Table 8-4. Using totalizer alarms


Alarm message Cause ActionInventory 1 RolloverInventory 2 RolloverInventory 3 Rollover

Inventory totalizer has exceeded rollover value and has rolled over to zero

Press ACK to acknowledge alarm

Totalizer 1 RolloverTotalizer 2 RolloverTotalizer 3 Rollover

Process totalizer has exceeded rollover value and has rolled over to zero




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Calibration and trim alarmsCalibration and trim alarms indicate the following conditions:• An output state or value has been set in the diagnostics menu• Calibration or output trim is in progress• Calibration was aborted by the operator• Calibration is complete

Table 8-5 summarizes calibration and trim alarms and lists corrective actions.

Table 8-5. Using calibration and trim alarms


Alarm message Cause ActionmA Out 1 Fixed Milliamp output 1 trim or simulation in progress Exit diagnostics menumA Out 2 Fixed Milliamp output 2 trim or simulation in progressFreq. Out Fixed Frequency output trim or simulation in progressCal In Progress • Sensor zero calibration in progress

• Density calibration in progress• Temperature calibration in progress

• If "Calibration Complete" replaces "Cal In Progress", no action

• If "Calibration Failure" replaces "Cal In Progress" and sensor zero was performed, rezero after:- Eliminating mechanical noise, if possible- Completely shutting off flow- Ensuring interior of sensor junction box is

completely dry• If "Calibration Failure" replaces "Cal in Progress"

and density or temperature calibration was performed, recalibrate for density or temperature

Calibration Complete • Sensor zero calibration complete• Density calibration complete• Temperature calibration complete


Calibration Aborted • User aborted sensor zero calibration• User aborted density calibration• User aborted temperature calibration

• Re-initiate calibration procedure• Existing calibration values will remain unchanged




Conditional status alarmsConditional status alarms occur in the following situations:• During normal startup• During normal operation• After power to the transmitter has been cycled• After a master reset has been performed

Table 8-6 summarizes conditional status alarms and lists corrective actions.

Table 8-6. Using conditional status alarms


Alarm message Cause ActionPower Reset • Power failure

• Brownout• Power cycle

Check accuracy of totalizers

Master Reset • Master reset has been performed• Software configuration contains default values

• Configure sensor calibration data (see pages 28-35)

• Do not operate transmitter until configuration has been verified

EEPROM Initialized • EEPROM has been cleared and software upgrade has been downloaded

• Software configuration contains default valuesPPI Fault Person-Process Interface failed • Adjust screen contrast (see page 47)

• If problem persists, phone Micro Motion Customer Service (see page 78 for phone numbers)

EEPROM Corrupt EEPROM has temporarily failed or been corrupted If problem persists, phone Micro Motion Customer Service (see page 78 for phone numbers)

EEPROM Error




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Fault outputs Outputs go to fault levels if a fault is detected. The transmitter also produces fault outputs when you perform configuration, calibration, or diagnostic tasks. See Table 8-7 .

The transmitter can be configured to produce downscale, upscale, last measured value, or internal zero fault outputs. See Table 8-8 .• To configure fault outputs, see page 37 and page 40.• The default configuration for fault outputs is downscale.

Table 8-7. Fault output levels

Software mode Output levelsConfiguration Fault levelDiagnostics Fault levelCalibration Active (outputs indicate measured values)Output simulation Active (outputs indicate values at which they are set)

CAUTION



Table 8-8. Configurations for fault outputs

Fault limit Fault valueDownscale • Milliamp outputs can be configured from 1.0 to 3.6 mA;

default is 3.6 mA• Pulse output goes to 0 Hz

Upscale • Milliamp outputs can be configured from 21.0 to 24.0 mA; default is 22.0 mA

• Pulse output goes to 15,000 HzLast measured value Outputs hold at mA value or frequency that represents the

last measured value for the process variable before the fault occurred

Internal zero • Milliamp outputs go to mA value that represents 0.0 for the process variable

• Pulse output goes to 0 Hz




Critical status fault alarms Critical status fault alarms occur in the same situations in which conditional status alarms occur (see page 72); however, critical status fault alarms drive outputs to fault levels.

Table 8-9 summarizes critical fault alarms and lists corrective actions.

Transmitter failure fault alarms

When a software or hardware failure occurs, the transmitter produces one of the fault alarms listed in Table 8-10 .

If any of the fault alarm messages listed in Table 8-10 appears on the screen, phone one of the Micro Motion Customer Service telephone numbers listed in Customer service, page 78.

Table 8-9. Using critical status fault alarms


Alarm message Cause ActionWarming Up • Transmitter is performing self-test

• Outputs remain at fault levels until self-test is complete


Calibration Failure • Sensor zero calibration failed• Density calibration failed• Temperature calibration failed• Outputs remain at fault levels until calibration

has been successfully completed

• If sensor zero calibration was performed, rezero after:- Eliminating mechanical noise, if possible- Completely shutting off flow- Ensuring interior of sensor junction box is

completely dry• If density or temperature calibration was performed,

recalibrate for density or temperatureCharize Required • Master reset has been performed

• Software configuration contains default values• Outputs remain at fault levels until transmitter

has been configured

• Configure sensor calibration data (see pages 28-35)• Do not operate transmitter until configuration has

been verified

CAUTION

Transmitter failure fault alarms are critical, and could result in measurement error.

The transmitter does not have any parts that are serviceable by the user. If a transmitter failure is indicated, phone Micro Motion Customer Service (see page 78 for phone numbers).

Table 8-10. Using transmitter failure fault alarms

Alarm message Cause ActionHardware Failure Hardware has failed Phone Micro Motion Customer Service (see

page 78 for phone numbers)EEPROM Failure EEPROM has failed or been corrupted




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Fault alarms requiring troubleshooting Some fault alarms require troubleshooting to isolate the problem that caused fault outputs to be produced. Fault alarms that require troubleshooting include:• Sensor Failure• Density Failure• Temperature Failure• Temperature Overrange• RTD Failure

If the transmitter produces fault outputs and any of the alarm messages listed at the top of this page appears on the screen, follow these steps to troubleshoot the problem:1. Press ACK, repeatedly if necessary, to clear all

the messages.2. Press VIEW to access the view menu.3. Select Diagnostic Monitor.4. Read the voltage for the drive gain:

a. If drive gain exceeds 8.0 volts or is unstable, see Table 8-11 .

b. If drive gain is less than 8.0 volts, go to step 5, page 76.

CAUTION

During troubleshooting the flowmeter could produce inaccurate output signals, resulting in measurement error.

Set control devices for manual operation before troubleshooting the flowmeter.

Diagnostic Monitor

Drive Gain8.401 V

Tube Frequency100.759 Hz

Live Zero0.010 lb/min

EXIT

ViewDiagnostic monitor

Table 8-11. Troubleshooting excessive drive gain

Symptom Cause Corrective actionDrive gain exceeds 8.0 V or is unstable

Cavitation, flashing, or bubble carry-under • If possible, increase inlet pressure and/or back pressure• If pump is mounted upstream from sensor, increase

distance between pump and sensorPlugged flow tube Purge flow tubes• Drive board failure• Sensor imbalance

Phone Micro Motion Customer Service (see page 78 for phone numbers)

• Sensor failure See step 6, page 77




5. Unplug sensor wiring terminal blocks at the transmitter.• Figure 8-1 illustrates Model 3500 sensor wiring terminals.• Figure 8-2 illustrates Model 3700 sensor wiring terminals.

Figure 8-1. Model 3500 sensor wiring terminals

Figure 8-2. Model 3700 sensor wiring terminals

Model 3500 with I/O cable(Terminal block attached to DIN rail)

Model 3500 with screw-type or solder-tail wiring connectors

(Middle terminal block on back panel)

red

black (drains)orangewhitegray

brown

yellowvioletgreen

blue

Connect outer braidof shielded or

armored cable here

brown

red

orange

yellow

green

blue

violet

gray

white

black (drains)

Model 3700 wiring terminals(Blue terminal block)

red

brown

yellow

black (drains)

violet

orange

green

white

blue

gray




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6. Measure ohms of resistance between the three wire pairs and wire triplet at the sensor junction box.a. If all measured resistance values are within the ranges listed in

Table 8-12 , the sensor cable is faulty or improperly connected. Repair or replace the cable, or reconnect it according to the 9-Wire Cable Preparation and Installation Instruction Manual.

b. If open or short circuits are found, the sensor case or junction box contains moisture, or the sensor is damaged. See Table 8-13 .

Table 8-12. Nominal resistance ranges for flowmeter circuits

Notes

• Resistance values increase 0.38675 ohms per °C increase in temperature• Nominal resistance values will vary 40% per 100°C. However, confirming an open coil or shorted coil is more important than

any slight deviation from the resistance values presented below• Resistance across blue and gray wires (right pickoff circuit) should be within 10% of resistance across green and white wires

(left pickoff circuit)• Actual resistance values depend on the sensor model and date of manufacture• Readings across wire pairs should be stable. If they are unstable, see Table 8-13

Circuit Wire colorsSensor junction box wiring terminals Nominal resistance range

Drive coil Brown to red 1 to 2 8 to 2650 ΩLeft pickoff Green to white 5 to 9 15.9 to 300 ΩRight pickoff Blue to gray 6 to 8 15.9 to 300 ΩLead length compensator Orange to yellow 3 to 4 Approximately 0 to 1 ΩTemperature sensor Yellow to violet 4 to 7 100 Ω at 0°C + 0.38675 Ω per °C

Table 8-13. Troubleshooting sensor error fault alarms


Resistance at sensor junction box Cause Alarm message ActionAll resistance values are within the ranges listed in Table 8-12

• Sensor cable is faulty• Sensor cable is improperly

connected

Sensor FailureDensity FailureTemperature FailureRTD FailureTemperature Overrange

• Repair or replace cable• Reconnect cable according to

the 9-Wire Cable Preparation and Installation Instruction Manual

Open or short from green to white (terminal 5 to terminal 9)

• Moisture in sensor case or junction box

• Open or short left pickoff

Sensor FailureDensity Failure

• If sensor case or junction box contains moisture, check for leaking junction box, conduit, or conduit seals

• If sensor case or junction box does not contain moisture, return sensor to Micro Motion

Open or short from blue to gray (terminal 6 to terminal 8)


• Open or short right pickoffOpen or short from red to brown (terminal 2 to terminal 1)


• Open or short drive coilOpen or short from orange to yellow (terminal 3 to terminal 4)


• Open or short lead length compensator

Temperature FailureTemperature Overrange

Open or short from yellow to violet (terminal 4 to terminal 7)


• Open or short RTD

RTD FailureTemperature Overrange




Active alarm log If the condition that caused an alarm is present, the alarm is listed in the active alarm log.• Each alarm is time/date stamped.• The first alarm listed is the most recent.

The active alarm log can be accessed from the maintenance menu or the view menu.

To access the log from the maintenance menu:1. At the operation screen, press the security button.2. Select Maintenance.3. Select Active Alarm Log.

To access the log from the view menu:1. At the operation screen, press VIEW.2. Select Active Alarm Log.

8.2 Customer service For Customer Service, phone the Micro Motion Customer Service Department:• In the U.S.A., phone 1-800-522-6277, 24 hours.• Outside the U.S.A., phone 303-530-8400,

24 hours.• In Europe, phone +31 (0) 318 549 443.• In Asia, phone (65) 770-8155.

8.3 Setting outputs The software allows you to set the states of discrete outputs or the values of milliamp outputs or the pulse output.

ALARMSActive Alarm Log

Density Alarm17-JUL-98 8:30

Temperature Alarm10-JUL-98 9:04

Alarm-Meas Paused10-JUL-98 5:10

HELP EXIT

CAUTION

While diagnostic tasks are being performed outputs go to their configured settings, resulting in measurement error.

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Setting discrete outputs To set the state of a discrete output:1. Press the security button on the display face.2. Select Maintenance.3. Select Diagnostics.4. Select Simulate Outputs.5. Select Discrete Outputs.6. Select the discrete output to be set.7. Press CHG.8. Use the cursor control buttons to toggle the

output on or off.• YES indicates the output is on.• NO indicates the output is off.

9. Press SAVE to set the state of the output.

When you return to the operation mode, the states of the outputs are released and are again controlled by the application.

Setting milliamp outputs To set the value of a milliamp output:1. Press the security button on the display face.2. Select Maintenance.3. Select Diagnostics.4. Select Simulate Outputs.5. Select Milliamp Outputs.6. Select the milliamp output to be set.7. Press CHG.8. Use the cursor control buttons to change the

output value.9. Press SAVE to set the value.

When you exit to the simulate outputs screen, the output goes to its configured fault setting.

When you return to the operation mode, the values of the outputs are released and are again controlled by the application.

ALARMSDiscrete Outputs

Discrete Output 1YES

Discrete Output 2NO

Discrete Output 3NO

SAVE EXIT

MaintenanceDiagnostics

Simulate outputsDiscrete outputs

ALARMSMilliamp Outputs

Milliamp Output 112.578 mA

Milliamp Output 28.994 mA

SAVE EXIT


Simulate outputsMilliamp outputs




Setting the frequency output To set the value of the frequency output:1. Press the security button on the display face.2. Select Maintenance.3. Select Diagnostics.4. Select Simulate Outputs.5. Select Frequency Output.6. Press CHG.7. Use the cursor control buttons to change the

output value.8. Press SAVE to set the value.

When you exit to the simulate outputs screen, the output goes to its configured fault setting.

When you return to the operation mode, the value of the output is released and is again controlled by the application.

8.4 Density calibration At the factory, Micro Motion calibrates each NOC to work with a specific sensor. The NOC requires a field density calibration in the following situations:• The sensor flow tubes have become permanently

coated.• The sensor flow tubes have eroded.

If density calibration is necessary, use any of the following methods to calibrate the NOC:• Duplicate the factory calibration, as instructed on

page 81.• Duplicate a previous field calibration, as

instructed on page 82.• Use two fluids with known densities to perform a

density calibration, as instructed on pages 83-86.

Density unit for calibration Density calibration requires reading and entering density values in grams per cubic centimeter.

ALARMSFrequency Output

Frequency Output5,258 Hz

SAVE EXIT


Simulate outputsFrequency output

CAUTION






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To change the density unit:1. Press the security button on the display face.2. Select Configuration.3. Select Inputs.4. Select Coriolis.5. Select Config Process Var.6. Select Density.7. At the density menu:

a. Select Density Units.b. Press CHG.c. Select g/cc, then press SAVE.

Duplicating the factory calibration To duplicate the factory calibration:1. Press the security button on the display face.2. Select Configuration.3. Select Inputs.4. Select Coriolis.5. Select Sensor Cal Data.6. Use the function buttons and the cursor control

buttons to configure density calibration values.• Density calibration values include D1 and D2

density values, K1 and K2 tube periods, the flowing density correction factor, and the density calibration temperature coefficient.

• To configure density calibration values, see pages 30-34.

• Density calibration values should be entered from the sensor serial number tag or factory calibration certificate.

• Tags and certificates vary in appearance, depending on the sensor model number and manufacturing date. See pages 30-33.

Density↓

Density Unitsg/cc

Density Damping1.7 sec

Slug Low Limit0.000000 g/cc

Slug High Limit1.000000 g/cc

CHG HELP EXIT

ConfigurationInputs


Density

Sensor Cal Data↓↑

D10.000000

D21.000000

K15000.000

K250000.000

CHG HELP EXIT

ConfigurationInputs





Duplicating a previous calibration

To duplicate a previous calibration, refer to the density factors that are recorded in the NOC configuration record (Appendix A ), then follow these steps:1. Press the security button on the display face.2. Select Configuration.3. Select Inputs.4. Select Coriolis.5. Select Sensor Cal Data.6. Use the function buttons and the cursor control

buttons to enter D1, D2, K1, K2, FD, and dens temp coeff values from the worksheet.

CAUTION



Sensor Cal Data↓↑

D10.000000

D21.000000

K15000.000

K250000.000

CHG HELP EXIT

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Two-point density calibration

During 2-point density calibration, you command the transmitter to measure the sensor tube period when the flow tubes contain a fluid with a reference low density (usually air) and when the flow tubes contain a fluid with a reference high density (usually water).

Two-point density calibration is preferably performed under zero flow conditions. The calibration procedure includes a low-density calibration and a high-density calibration. If necessary, you can perform only the high-density calibration.

To prepare for the density calibration:1. Use produced water to flush the flow line.2. Remove the sensor from the flow line.3. Drain the fluid from the sensor.4. Rinse the sensor tubes with toluene at least twice, then rinse the

tubes with acetone at least twice. Use another oil solvent if toluene or acetone is not available.

5. Use compressed air to blow the sensor dry until residual acetone or other solvent has been completely evaporated.

6. If sensor wiring was disconnected at step 2, reconnect the wiring and cycle power off, then on.

7. Wait approximately 5 minutes for the sensor flow tubes to achieve the ambient air temperature.

CAUTION

Selecting calibration will interrupt control functions. All control outputs will go to their configured idle settings.

Set control devices for manual operation before accessing calibration menus.




To perform the low-density calibration:1. Prepare the sensor for density calibration as

instructed on page 83.2. Fill the sensor with a low-density fluid, such as air.3. Use any established method to derive an

accurate density, in grams per cubic centimeter, for the fluid at line conditions. If air is the low-density calibration fluid, a value from Table 8-14 can be used for the density. (Specific gravity x 0.9991 = grams per cubic centimeter.)

4. Press the security button on the display face.5. Select Maintenance.6. Select Calibration.7. Select Density.8. Select Low Density.9. At the low density menu:10.Select Density D1, then press CHG.11.Enter the line-condition density in grams per

cubic centimeter , then press SAVE.12.Select Calibrate Density, then press CHG.13.After calibration is complete, an alarm message

appears at the top of the screen. Press ACK to acknowledge the alarm.

14.Press SAVE to save the calibration.15.Perform the high-density calibration as instructed

on pages 85-86.

ALARMSLow Density

Density D10.000000 g/cc

Calibrate Density

CHG HELP EXIT

MaintenanceCalibration

DensityLow density

Table 8-14. Density of air in grams per cubic centimeter

Pressure in millibar (inches of mercury)

Temperature in °C and °F10°C50°F

15°C59°F

20°C68°F

25°C77°F

30°C86°F

35°C95°F

40°C104°F

45°C113°F

50°C122°F

850 (25.14) .0010 .0010 .0010 .0010 .0010 .0010 .0009 .0009 .0009900 (26.62) .0011 .0011 .0011 .0010 .0010 .0010 .0010 .0010 .0009950 (28.10) .0012 .0011 .0011 .0011 .0011 .0011 .0010 .0010 .00101000 (29.57) .0012 .0012 .0012 .0012 .0011 .0011 .0011 .0011 .00111050 (31.06) .0013 .0013 .0012 .0012 .0012 .0012 .0012 .0011 .0011

If the actual atmospheric pressure is not known, use the following equation:

Air density in g/cc 0.0012 1 0.000032 Elevation in feet×( )–[ ]×=




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To perform the high-density calibration:1. Perform the low-density calibration as instructed on page 84.2. Press EXIT to return to the density menu.3. Fill the sensor with a high-density fluid, such as tap water or distilled

water.4. If possible, shut off the flow. Otherwise, pump the fluid through the

sensor at the lowest flow rate allowed by the process. The flow rate must be less than rate listed in Table 8-15 , or the calibration will fail.

Table 8-15. Maximum flow rates for high-density calibration

Maximum flow rate

Sensor model lb/min kg/hELITE® CMF010 1 27

CMF025 20 545CMF050 62 1700CMF100 250 6800CMF200 800 21,775CMF300 2500 68,040

BASIS® F025 10 272F050 31 850F100 125 3400F200 400 10,887

Model D D6 0.5 13D12 1 33D25 6 170D40 11 306D65 75 2040D100 200 5445D150 700 19,050D300 1750 47,625D600 6250 170,100

Model DH DH6 0.5 13DH12 1 33DH25 6 170DH38 12 340DH100 200 5445DH150 700 19,050DH300 1750 47,625

Model DL DL65 62 1695DL100 200 5445DL200 875 23,812

Model DT DT65 75 2040DT100 200 5445DT150 350 9525




5. To ensure stable density, make sure the fluid in the flow tubes remains completely free of gas bubbles during the calibration. Using a rubber hammer, tap on the sensor case to dislodge any air bubbles that might be clinging to the flow tubes.

6. Wait approximately five minutes for the sensor tubes to achieve the same temperature as the high-density calibration fluid.

7. Use any established method to derive an accurate density, in grams per cubic centimeter, for the fluid at line conditions. If tap water is the high-density calibration fluid, a value from Table 8-16 can be used for the density. (Specific gravity x 0.9991 = grams per cubic centimeter.)

8. Select High Density.9. At the high density menu:10.Select Density D2, then press CHG.11.Enter the line-condition density in grams per

cubic centimeter , then press SAVE.12.Select Calibrate Density, then press CHG.13.After calibration is complete, an alarm message

appears at the top of the screen. Press ACK to acknowledge the alarm.

14.Press SAVE to save the calibration.

ALARMSHigh Density

Density D20.100000 g/cc

Calibrate Density

CHG HELP EXIT


DensityHigh density

Table 8-16. Density of water

Temperature Densityin g/cc

Temperature Densityin g/cc°F °C °F °C

323334353637383940

0.00.61.11.72.22.83.33.94.4

0.99980.99980.99990.99990.99990.99990.99991.00001.0000

596061626364656667

15.015.616.116.717.217.818.318.919.4

0.99910.99910.99890.99890.99880.99870.99860.99840.9983

414243444546474849

5.05.66.16.77.27.88.38.99.4

0.99990.99990.99990.99990.99990.99990.99980.99980.9998

686970717273747576

20.020.621.121.722.222.823.323.924.4

0.99820.99810.99800.99800.99790.99770.99750.99730.9972

505152535455565758

10.010.611.111.712.212.813.313.914.4

0.99970.99960.99960.99950.99950.99940.99940.99920.9992

77787980818283848586

25.025.626.126.727.227.828.328.929.430.0

0.99700.99690.99680.99660.99640.99630.99610.99600.99580.9956



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9 Laboratory Determination ofDry Oil and ProducedWater Densities

9.1 Reasons for using live oil density

To enable the most accurate possible water cut and net oil measurements, "live oil" density rather than "dead oil" density should be programmed into the NOC. "Live oil" refers to the crude oil at line conditions. Reducing the operating pressure to atmospheric pressure causes the live oil to lose its solution gas or light-end components and become a dead oil at a greater density than when it was under pressure.

The difference between the density of live oil and the density of dead oil can be quite significant, depending on the gas-to-oil (GOR) ratio and the separator pressure and temperature. If dead oil density is used, water cut measurements will be too low, and net oil will be too high.

This chapter describes the laboratory method for measuring dry oil and produced water densities.• The method involves using a precision density meter to determine

the density of a liquid sample taken from the flow line.• The method requires correcting measured densities of dry oil and

produced water to 60°F.

To obtain an IBM-compatible software program for computing corrected crude oil and produced water densities, phone the Micro Motion Customer Service Department:• In the U.S.A., phone 1-800-522-6277, 24 hours.• Outside the U.S.A., phone 303-530-8400, 24 hours.• In Europe, phone +31 (0) 318 549 443.• In Asia, phone (65) 770-8155.

9.2 Laboratory density measurement

The laboratory method requires the equipment listed in Table 9-1 .

Table 9-1. Laboratory equipment for determining live oil and produced water densities

Equipment Suggested supplier Model numberPrecision lab density meter (0.0001 g/cc accuracy) Anton Paar DMA48*Pressure adaptor for density meter (80 psig or lower)High-pressure density measuring cell (80 psig or higher) DMA512Thermostating circulating water bath Neslab RTE-1000Stainless steel sample cylinders (500 ml capacity) Whitey 316L-HDF4-500Stainless steel ¼-inch valve SS-33VM4-S4Stainless steel ¼-inch tubing No specific supplierNitrogen cylinder equipped with pressure regulatorPressure gauges*The standard Anton Paar density meter measures liquid density at atmospheric pressure. When fitted with a pressure adaptor, the meter can operate up to 80 psig. When coupled with an external stainless steel measuring cell such as the Model DMA512, the DMA48 can measure liquid density up to 5500 psig.



Laboratory Determination of Dry Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

Taking a sample from the flow line

Locate the sample port downstream from the sensor, as shown in Figure 9-1 . The sampling port should protrude into the flow line, with the probe opening situated near the center of the flow pipe. To ensure a representative sampling, install a static mixer immediately upstream from the sample port.

Use one of the following sampling procedures:• Method 1 involves using a water-filled sample cylinder if separator

pressure is higher than 80 psig, or where flexible stainless steel tubing is not available.

• Method 2 involves using an empty sample cylinder if separator pressure is less than 80 psig, or where flexible stainless steel tubing is available.

Figure 9-1. Sample port for laboratory density measurement




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Method 1Use a water-filled sample cylinder if separator pressure is higher than 80 psig, or when flexible stainless steel tubing is not available.1. Fill the clean sample cylinder with produced water, preferably the

water from the well being tested or water with similar salinity. Pressurizing the sample cylinder is not necessary.

2. Connect the sample cylinder to the sampling port as shown in Figure 9-2 . Close V-1, V-2, V-3, and V-4.

3. Open V-1, then open V-4 to purge the connecting lines briefly. Close V-4 and open V-2 to equalize the pressure in the sample cylinder.

4. Slowly open V-3 to draw liquid into the sample cylinder and to displace the water in the sample cylinder.

5. Close V-3 when a trace of oil appears at the drain port.6. Wait for a few minutes to allow the free water to settle in the sample

cylinder. The wait time varies, depending on whether the oil and water are readily separable.

7. Slowly open V-3 to drain the free water from the bottom drain port and to allow additional liquid sample to flow into the sample cylinder. Close V-3 when a trace of oil appears at the drain port.

8. Repeat steps 6 and 7 several times until the amount of free water drained is less than 50 ml. This indicates that a sufficient amount of oil/water emulsion has been collected in the sample cylinder.

9. Close V-1, V-2, and V-3. Open V-4 to depressurize the sample line.10. Remove the sample cylinder. Record well I.D., sample pressure, and

sample temperature.

Figure 9-2. Laboratory sampling procedure using water-filled cylinder




Method 2Use an empty sample cylinder if separator pressure is less than 80 psig, or where flexible stainless steel tubing is available.1. Connect an empty sample cylinder to the sampling port as shown in

Figure 9-3(A) , with V-1, V-2, V-3 and V-4 closed. The outlet port should point upward at about 75 degrees from horizontal.

2. Open V-1, then open V-2.3. Slowly open V-3 to withdraw liquid sample into the sample cylinder

and purge the air out of the sample cylinder. Close V-3 when a trace of liquid appears at the outlet port.

4. Secure the sample cylinder to a support base as shown inFigure 9-3(B) . Outlet V-3 should point downward.

5. Wait for a few minutes to allow the free water to separate in the sample cylinder. The wait time varies, depending on whether oil and water are readily separable.

6. Slowly open V-3 slowly to drain the free water from V-3 and withdraw oil/water mixture into the sample cylinder. Close V-3 when a trace of oil appears at the outlet port.

7. Repeat steps 5 and 6 several times until the amount of free water drained is less than about 50 ml. This indicates that a sufficient amount of oil/water emulsion has been collected in the sample cylinder.

8. Close V-1, V-2, and V-3. Open V-4 to depressurize the sample lines.9. Remove the sample cylinder. Record well I.D., sample pressure, and

temperature.

Figure 9-3. Laboratory sampling procedure using empty cylinder




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Processing sample and measuring densities

1. Secure the sample cylinder in an upright position for a sufficient period of time (overnight, for example) to allow additional free water to settle. If the emulsion is very tight, place the entire sample cylinder in a heated oven or hot bath, or use a temperature-regulated heating tape to enhance oil-water separation.

2. If the sample cylinder is heated, allow it to cool to ambient temperature before proceeding.

3. Connect the sample cylinder between the nitrogen cylinder and a high precision laboratory density meter.• If operating pressure is lower than 80 psig, use the setup shown

in Figure 9-4 , page 92.• If operating pressure is higher than 80 psig, use the setup

shown in Figure 9-5 , page 92.4. Close all valves (V-1 through V-6).5. Set nitrogen pressure at 10 psi higher than the separator pressure.6. Calibrate the laboratory density meter in accordance with

manufacturer's instruction. To prevent flashing of solution gas in the crude oil, set the temperature of the density meter at least 10°F below the separator temperature.

7. Slowly open V-1 and V-2 to equalize the pressure in the sample cylinder. Leave V-1 and V-2 open throughout the entire density determination process.

8. Open V-3, then slowly open V-4 to drain the free water into a beaker. Save about 20 ml of clean water for later use.

9. Continue to drain the remaining free water from the sample cylinder until a trace of crude oil appears in the outlet port. Continue to drain and discard about 10 ml of oil water mixture. Close V-4.

10. Slowly open V-5 to equalize the pressure in the density meter.11. Slowly open V-6 downstream from the density meter to allow a few

milliliters of crude oil to flow through the density meter. Turn on the compartment light of the density meter to make sure no gas bubbles are present in the density meter tube.

12. Turn off the compartment light of the density meter. Wait a few minutes for the displayed density reading to stabilize.

13. Repeat steps 11 and 12 several times until the difference between the two consecutive density readings is less than or equal to 0.0002 g/cc.

14. Slowly open V-6 and drain about 60 to 70 ml of the sample into a separate container.

15. Record the density of the sample remaining in the density meter. Record the density reading as "emulsion" density (Det).

16. Use a centrifuge method or another acceptable method (distillation, Karl-Fischer, etc.) to determine the water cut of the oil/water mixture sample collected in step 14. Report the water cut value as Xw, in volume fraction.

17. If the low-pressure setup in Figure 9-4 is used, disassemble the pressure adaptor from the density meter and use a proper solvent to clean the density meter.

18. Using a plastic-tip hypodermic syringe, inject the produced water obtained at step 8 into the density meter. Report the reading as Dwta ("a" stands for atmospheric pressure).




19. Apply a small compressibility term to correct the water density from atmospheric to separator pressure, as follows:

Figure 9-4. Laboratory density measurement system, low pressure

Figure 9-5. Laboratory density measurement system, high pressure

Dwt Dwta 0.000003 Ps×+=



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10 In-Line Determination ofLive Oil and ProducedWater Densities

10.1 Reasons for using live oil density

To enable the most accurate possible water cut and net oil measurements, "live oil" density rather than "dead oil" density should be programmed into the NOC. "Live oil" refers to the crude oil at line conditions. Reducing the operating pressure to atmospheric pressure causes the live oil to lose its solution gas or light-end components and become a dead oil at a greater density than when it was under pressure.

The difference between the density of live oil and the density of dead oil can be quite significant, depending on the gas-to-oil (GOR) ratio and the separator pressure and temperature. If dead oil density is used, water cut measurements will be too low, and net oil will be too high.

This chapter describes the in-line method for measuring dry oil and produced water densities, using the density determination software in the ALTUS™ NOC.

10.2 In-line density determination

Use the in-line method for determining dry oil and produced water densities in situations where dry oil or a stable emulsion can be obtained under separator conditions.

Density determination procedures

Density determination involves the following procedures:• Measuring and saving or manually entering the water density.

(Manual entry is usually done when water cut is low. Obtain a water sample from the water trap or drain cock on the separator.)

• Measuring and saving the oil density.• Entering the water cut.

CAUTION

Selecting calibration will interrupt control functions. All control outputs will go to their configured idle settings.

Set control devices for manual operation before accessing calibration menus.



In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

Measuring and saving the water density To determine water density by measuring and saving density and temperature values:1. Press the security button on the display face.2. Select Maintenance.3. Select Calibration.4. Select Density Determination.5. If the NOC is configured to operate in well test

mode, select the number of the well that will be determined, then press CHG. If the NOC is configured to operate in continuous mode, skip to step 8.

6. Select the well that will be determined, then press SAVE.

7. Switch in the well to be determined, making sure the production fluid from the previous well has been completely purged. This can be done by leaving the well flowing into the separator for a sufficient length of time, or draining the test separator completely before switching the well.

Which Well?

Wells 1 to 12

Wells 13 to 24

Wells 25 to 36

Wells 37 to 48

CHG EXIT


Density determination

Wells 1 to 12↓


SAVE EXIT




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8. The display indicates the time and date of the last water density and oil density determination. Press YES to continue the density determination procedure.

9. Select Water Density.

10. Select Measure & Save.11. Switch out the well that is connected to the test

separator.12. Close the outlet valve (the one located

downstream from the sensor). Wait for the phases to separate in the separator. The separation usually requires 5 to 15 minutes. See Figure 10-1 .

Well #1

Last Water Density09:32 21 OCT 1998

Last Oil Density10:15 21 OCT 1998

Continue?

YES EXIT

Density Determination

Water DensityOil DensityEnter Water Cut

SEL HELP EXIT

Water Density

Manually EnterMeasure & Save

SEL HELP EXIT




13. Press RESET to reset the volume total to 0. Resetting the volume total enables you to monitor the amount of fluid that remains in the separator, if the separator volume is known. To approximate the amount of fluid in the separator, see pages 97-98.

14. Open the outlet valve to allow the free water accumulated in the separator to flow through the sensor.

15. Monitor the density and temperature, watching for readings to stabilize.

Figure 10-1. Stratification with no flow

Measure & Save

Actual Water Density1.0123 g/cc


Volume0.2 bbl

Actual Rate352.2 bbl/day

START RESET EXIT

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Outlet valveWater

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Figure 10-2. Diameter and length of cylindrical vessel

Table 10-1. Approximate capacity of cylindrical vessels

NoteWhen measurements are in feet:

Level in tank Value of P100% 190% 0.94880% 0.857770% 0.747760% 0.626550% 0.540% 0.373530% 0.252320% 0.142310% 0.052

Table 10-2. Approximate capacity of spherical ends

NoteFor vessels with spherical ends, add the following amounts in gallons:

Tank diameter in feet

Level in tank 4 6 8 10100% 256 864 2048 400090% 249 840 1991 388880% 229 774 1835 358470% 201 677 1606 313660% 166 560 1327 259250% 128 432 1024 200040% 90 304 721 140830% 55 187 442 86420% 27 90 213 41610% 7 24 57 112

Gallons of liquid in tank P D D L 5.875××××=

/#

'




16. When density and temperature readings stabilize, press START.• The NOC averages water density and

temperature values for the amount of time programmed for the water density average (see page 18 or page 21).

• If you wish to stop the procedure while the water density and temperature are being averaged, press STOP.

Example: Find the approximate number of gallons of liquid in a horizontal vessel with spherical ends if the vessel has a diameter of 4 feet, a length of 10 feet, and a liquid level at 2 feet, 9 inches.

A liquid level of 2 feet, 9 inches is approximately 70% of the capacity of a tank with a 4-foot diameter:

0.7477 x D x D x 10 x 5.875 = 702.8 gallons, or approximately 703 gallons.

Add 201 gallons to 703 gallons for the spherical ends.

The approximate amount of liquid in the tank is 904 gallons, or 21 barrels.

2.75 feet4 feet

----------------------- 68% full=

Measure & Save

Actual Water Density1.0123 g/cc


Volume0.2 bbl


START RESET EXIT




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17. After the NOC has averaged the water density and temperature for the programmed amount of time, the screen at left appears.

18. Compare the average water density at reference temperature (Av Watr Density @ Ref) to the water density that is currently being used (Current Dens @ Ref).• To save the averaged water density at the

reference temperature, press SAVE.• To continue using the water density that is

currently being used, press EXIT.• To average the water density again, repeat

steps 1-16.

Manually entering the water density If the separator does not contain enough water to determine a stable flowing density, use the manual entry method to determine water density and temperature.

To determine water density by manually entering density and temperature values:1. Press the security button on the display face.2. Select Maintenance.3. Select Calibration.4. Select Density Determination.5. If the NOC is configured to operate in well test

mode, select the number of the well that will be determined, then press CHG. If the NOC is configured to operate in continuous mode, skip to step 8.

Measure & Save

Av Watr Density @ Ref1.0124 g/cc

Av Water Density at10:15 29 OCT 1998

Current Dens @ Ref1.0125 g/cc

Current Dens Saved10:54 3 MAR 1998

SAVE HELP EXIT

Which Well?

Wells 1 to 12

Wells 13 to 24

Wells 25 to 36

Wells 37 to 48

CHG EXIT


Density determination




6. Select the well that will be determined, then press SAVE.

7. Switch in the well to be tested, making sure the production fluid from the previous well has been completely purged. This can be done by leaving the well flowing into the separator for a sufficient length of time, or draining the test separator completely before switching the well.

8. The display indicates the time and date of the last water density and oil density determination. Press YES to continue the density determination procedure.

9. Select Water Density.

Wells 1 to 12↓


SAVE EXIT

Well #1

Last Water Density09:32 21 OCT 1998

Last Oil Density10:15 21 OCT 1998

Continue?

YES EXIT



SEL HELP EXIT




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10. Select Manually Enter.11. Switch out the well that is connected to the test

separator.12. Close the outlet valve (the one located

downstream from the sensor). Wait for the phases to separate in the separator. The separation usually requires 5 to 15 minutes.

13. Take a water sample from the bottom of the test separator or the water trap. See Figure 10-3 .

14. Place a lid on the sample container and allow the sample to cool to near-ambient temperature.

15. Use a hygrometer to measure the water density and a thermometer to measure the water temperature. See Figure 10-4 .

Figure 10-3. Taking a water sample from the separator

Figure 10-4. Using a hygrometer to measure water density

Water Density

Manually EnterMeasure & Save

SEL HELP EXIT

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Outlet valveEmulsion layer

Water sample container

Water sample container

Hygrometer




16. The display indicates the water density and reference temperature that are currently being used.

17. At the water density screen:a. Enter the water sample density that was

measured at step 15. (Specific gravity x 0.9991 = grams per cubic centimeter.)

b. Enter the water sample temperature that was measured at step 15.

c. Select Calculate at Ref, then press CHG. The NOC then calculates the water density at the reference temperature.

18. Compare the entered water density at reference temperature (Watr Density @ Ref) to the water density that is currently being used (Current Dens @ Ref).• To save the entered water density at the

reference temperature, press SAVE.• To continue using the water density that is

currently being used, press EXIT.

Water Density


Water Temperature60.00 degF

Calculate at Ref

CHG HELP EXIT

Water Density


Water Temperature98.61 degF

Calculate at Ref

CHG HELP EXIT

Manually Enter

Watr Density @ Ref1.0087 g/cc

Water Density at10:15 29 OCT 1998



SAVE HELP EXIT




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Measuring and saving the oil density To measure and save the oil density:1. Allow the fluid level in the separator to drop by

continuing to drain water from the bottom of the shut-in separator, through the outlet valve

2. At the density determination screen, select Oil Density.

3. Monitor the density until it stabilizes at a density value that indicates live oil is flowing through the sensor.

4. Press START.• The NOC averages oil density and

temperature values for the amount of time programmed for the oil density average (see page 18 or page 21).

• If you wish to stop the procedure while the oil density and temperature are being averaged, press STOP.

5. While oil density and temperature are being averaged, take a sample for use in entering the water cut. See Figure 10-5 . (To enter the water cut, see pages 104-105.)

Figure 10-5. Taking an oil sample



SEL HELP EXIT

Oil Density

Actual Oil Density0.8765 g/cc


Volume2.6 bbl


START RESET EXIT

SensorOutlet valve

Oil pad

Oil sample for use in measuring water cut (see pages 104-105)




6. After the NOC has averaged the oil density and temperature for the programmed amount of time, the screen depicted at left appears.• To save the averaged oil density and

temperature, press SAVE. See below to enter the water cut.

• To continue using the oil density that is currently being used, press EXIT.

• To average the oil density again, press EXIT, then press START.

The NOC will not begin using the most recently averaged oil density until a water cut value has been entered as instructed below.

Entering the water cut After the average oil density has been saved, the display returns to the density determination screen. To enter the water cut:1. After taking an oil sample as instructed at step 5,

page 103, use a standard procedure (centrifuge, distillation, Karl-Fischer, etc.) to measure the water cut in volume percent.

2. Select Enter Water Cut.

Oil Density

Av Oil Density0.8765 g/cc

Average Temperature123.4 degF

Volume2.9 bbl


SAVE HELP EXIT



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3. Select Water Cut, then press CHG.4. Enter the water cut that was measured at step 1,

then press SAVE.5. Select Calculate at Ref, then press CHG. The

NOC calculates the oil density at the reference temperature.

6. After the oil density at reference temperature has been calculated, compare the calculated density to the density that is currently being used.• To save the calculated density, press SAVE.• If you want the NOC to continue using the

previously calculated density (Current Dens @ Ref), press EXIT.

7. At the Warning screen:• Select Yes to use the most recently

determined density for calculating net oil and water cut

• Select No to use the previously determined density for calculating net oil and water cut

Enter Water Cut

Water Cut3.2%

Apply to Sample Taken10:33 29 OCT 1998

Calculate at Ref

SAVE HELP EXIT

Oil Density @ Ref

Oil Density @ Ref0.8968 g/cc

Oil Density At10:33 29 OCT 1998



SAVE HELP EXIT

--Warning--

Saving this valuewill result in theuse of this densityin all future calcu-lations of net oil &water cut for thiswell, separator, orpipeline.CONTINUE?

YES NO



In-Line Density

Determ

inationS

ensitivity Analysis

Softw

are Diagram

sW

ell Test Mode

Maintenance

Laboratory Density

Determ

ination

11 Sensitivity Analysis

11.1 Error factors The accuracy of water cut and net oil measurements obtained by the NOC is sensitive to the accuracy of the following parameters:• Density of dry crude oil (input to NOC)• Density of produced water (input to NOC)• Density of oil/water mixture (measured by mass flowmeter)• Mass flow rate (measured by mass flowmeter)• Presence of free gas (system upset)

11.2 Individual sensitivity Table 11-1 lists formulas for calculating the uncertainty of water cut and net oil volume caused by the uncertainty of each of the independent parameters listed above.

Table 11-1. Uncertainty factors for percent water cut and percent net oil

Variable % water cut uncertainty 1 % net oil uncertainty 2

Dry crude oil density (Do)3

Water density (Dw)3

Mixture density (De)3

Mass flow rate (Me)4 No effect

Free gas content5

1 The water cut uncertainty is defined as: (Indicated water cut – True water cut) X 100%2 The net oil volume uncertainty is defined as: (Indicated oil volume – True oil volume) ÷ (True oil volume) X 100%3 Do, Dw, and De refer to, respectively, density (in g/cc) of crude oil, produced water, and oil/water mixture.

δDo, δDw, and δDe refer to, respectively, uncertainty of density (in g/cc) of crude oil, produced water and oil/water mixture4 Me denotes mass flow rate of the mixture, δMe denotes uncertainty of mass flow rate5 Xw denotes water cut, and δXg denotes free gas content, both in volume fraction

100 1 Xw–( )×–Dw Do–( )

------------------------------------------ δDo( )× 100Dw Do–( )

--------------------------- δDo( )×

100 Xw×–Dw Do–( )

---------------------------- δDw( )× 100 Xw×Dw Do–( ) 1 Xw–( )×

--------------------------------------------------------- δDw( )×

100Dw Do–( )

--------------------------- δDe( )× 100Dw Do–( ) 1 Xw–( )×

--------------------------------------------------------- δDe( )×

100Me---------- δMe( )×

100 Do×–Dw Do–( )

--------------------------- δXg( )× 100 Do×Dw Do–( ) 1 Xw–( )×

--------------------------------------------------------- δXg( )×



Sensitivity Analysis continued

11.3 Overall uncertainty Use the following formula to estimate the overall uncertainty:

Where:δDo = Dry oil density uncertainty δDw = Produced water density uncertaintyδDe = Mixture density uncertaintyδMe = Mass flow rate uncertaintyδXg = Free gas content

Overall uncertainty = δDo2 δDw2 δDe2 δMe2 δXg2+ + + +( )

0.5

Example 1: No free gas in liquid stream.

Given:Metering temperature, tDry crude oil density, DoProduced water density, DwMeasured mixture Density, DeWater cut, Xw

Dry oil density uncertainty, δDoProduced water density uncertainty, δDwMixture density uncertainty, δDeMass flow rate uncertainty, δMe/MeFree gas content, δXg

= 60°F= 0.8600 g/cc= 1.0350 g/cc= 0.9913 g/cc= 0.75 (75%)

= 0.0005 g/cc= 0.0005 g/cc= 0.0005 g/cc= 0.0015 g/cc= 0.00 (0.00%)

Effect of dry oil density variation:

Over-estimating dry oil density would cause water cut to read low, net oil volume to read high.

Effect of produced water density variation:

Over-estimating produced water density would cause water cut to read low, net oil volume to read high.

δ water cut 100– 1 0.75–( )×1.0350 0.8600–( )----------------------------------------------- 0.0005× 0.07%–= =

δ net oil 1001.0350 0.8600–( )----------------------------------------------- 0.0005× 0.29%= =

δ water cut 100– 0.75×1.0350 0.8600–( )----------------------------------------------- 0.0005× 0.21%–= =

δ net oil 100 0.75×1.0350 0.8600–( ) 1 0.75–( )×------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.0005× 0.86%= =



Sensitivity Analysis continued

In-Line Density

Determ

inationS

ensitivity Analysis

Softw

are Diagram

sW

ell Test Mode

Maintenance

Laboratory Density

Determ

ination

Example 1 (continued): Effect of accuracy of measured mixture density:

Over-estimating mixture density would cause water cut to read high, net oil volume to read low.

Effect of accuracy of measured mass flow rate:

Overall effect from all variables:

δ water cut 1001.0350 0.8600–( )

----------------------------------------------- 0.0005× 0.29%= =

δ net oil 100–1.0350 0.8600–( ) 1 0.75–( )×

------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.0005× 1.16%–= =

δ water cut 0% (no effect)=

δ net oil 0.15%=

δ water cut 0.07%–( )2 0.21–( )2 0.29( )2+ +[ ]

0.50.36%= =

δ net oil 0.29( )2 0.86( )2 1.16–( )2 0.15( )2+ + +[ ]

0.51.48%= =

Example 2: Free gas in liquid stream.

Given:Metering temperature, tDry crude oil density, DoProduced water density, DwMeasured mixture Density, DeWater Cut, Xw

Free gas content, Xg

= 60°F= 0.8600 g/cc= 1.0350 g/cc= 0.9913 g/cc= 0.75 (75%)

= 0.005 (0.5%)

Free gas in the liquid stream causes water cut to read low, net oil to read high.

δ water cut 100– 0.8600×1.0350 0.8600–( )----------------------------------------------- 0.005× 2.46%–= =

δ net oil 100 0.8600×1.0350 0.8600–( ) 1 0.75–( )×------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.005× 9.83%= =


ALT

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™ N

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Software Diagrams continued

12.2 View menu in continuous modeWell performance meas View performance meas Net oil

Water cut

Gross flow

Net water

Drive gain

Density

Temperature

Back flow

Mass flow

Uncorrected flow Uncorrected oil

Uncorrected waterQuick view Average net oil rate

Uncorrected water cutNet oil total

Uncorrected grossAverage water cut

Average gross rate

Gross total

Average/total since

Elapsed time

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Pause/resume

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Process totalizers Process

InventoryActive alarm log

LCD options

Diagnostic monitor

Application list

Power outage


ALT

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Software Diagrams continued

Configuration menu (continued)Well performance meas See page 113 Flow source Forward

Flow direction ReverseSystem See page 113

Absolute val. FWD/REV

Inputs See page 113 Subtractive FWD/REV

Measurements Totalizers Totalizer 1 Reset source None

Totalizer 2 Inhibit source Discrete input 1

Totalizer 3 Label Discrete input 2

TBR event

Outputs Discrete outputs Discrete output 1 Power source Internal

External

Assignment None

Discrete input 1Discrete output 2 Net oil

Discrete input 2

Discrete output 3 Net water TRB event

Milliamp outputs Milliamp output 1 Fault indication Downscale

Milliamp output 2 Variable assignment Upscale

Last measured value

Frequency output Flow source Internal zero

Flow rate unitsCalibration span 20 mA

4 mAScaling method Frequency = flow

Low flow cutoff 4

Frequency 1 Pulses/unitDamping seconds

Flow 1 Units/pulse

Pulses 2

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Maximum pulse width Active

Power Passive

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Last measured value

Internal zero

Digital comm Configure printer Printer select Epson TM-U295

Printer test Header line 1 Digitec 6610A

Header line 2 Generic

Footer

Baud rate

Parity

Data bits

Start bits

Stop bits

1If frequency = flow is selected as the scaling method2If pulses/unit is selected as the scaling method3If units/pulse is selected as the scaling method4If a flow variable is assigned under variable assignment


ALT

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Net

oil_

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k P

age

115

Fri

day,

Ma

y 12

, 200

0 1

1:02

AM


Appendix A ALTUS™ NOC SoftwareConfiguration Record

Mode of operation Step 1:Configure well performance measurements

Continuous mode Well test mode

Units of measurement

60 degrees Fahrenheit 15 degrees Celsius 20 degrees Celsius

Well data – densities

Well name1 ________________________________ Oil deviation ____________________________ g/cc

Oil density _____________________________ g/cc Water deviation _________________________ g/cc

Water density __________________________ g/cc Oil density average ___________________ seconds

Purge time1 ________________________________ Water density average ________________ seconds

1Only if well test mode is selected.

Compensations

Drive gain level _________________________ volts Time period2 ________________________ seconds

Action taken Hold last value Stop well test Alarm only

2Only if hold last value is selected.

System Step 2:Configuresystem data

Tag __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ Date _______________________ (Day Month Year)

(8 characters maximum) Time ____________________ (Hour:Minute:Second)



ALTUS™ NOC Software Configuration Record continued

Flow variables Step 3:Configure inputsFlow damping _______________________ seconds Mass low flow cutoff _________________________

Flow direction Forward Backward Volume unit ________________________________

Mass unit _________________________________ Volume low flow cutoff ________________________

Density inputs

Density unit ________________________________ Slug low limit _______________________________

Density damping _____________________ seconds Slug hiigh limit ______________________________

Slug time ___________________________ seconds

Temperature

Temperature unit ____________________________ Temperature damping _________________ seconds

Sensor calibration data

Flow factor _________________________________ FD _________________

Flowcal temp coef ___________________________ Dens temp coeff _____________________________

D1 ________________ D2 ________________ Temperature slope ___________________________

K1 ________________ K2 ________________ Temperature offset ___________________________

Sensor information

Sensor model no. ____________________________ Sensor serial no. ____________________________

Sensor material 304 SS 316L SS Hastelloy C Inconel Tantalum

Sensor end connection _______________________ Sensor liner None Tefzel

Measurements Step 4:Configure totalizers

Totalizer 1 Flow source Frequency input

Flow direction Forward Reverse

Absolute val. FWD/REV Subtractive FWD/REV

Reset source Discrete input 1 Discrete input 2 TBR event None

Inhibit source Discrete input 1 Discrete input 2 TBR event None

Totalizer 2 Flow source Mass





Totalizer 3 Flow source Volume







ALTUS™ NOC Software Configuration Record continued

Discrete outputs Step 5:Configure outputs

Power Assignment

Discrete output 1 Internal External __________________________________________

Milliamp outputs

Milliamp output 1 Fault Indication Process variable

Downscale __________________________________________

Upscale Calibration span

Last Measured Value 4 mA _____________________________________

Internal Zero 20 mA ____________________________________

Setting Low flow cutoff _____________________________

_________________ mA Damping ___________________________ seconds

Milliamp output 2 Fault Indication Process variable

Downscale __________________________________________

Upscale Calibration span

Last Measured Value 4 mA _____________________________________

Internal Zero 20 mA ____________________________________

Setting Low flow cutoff _____________________________

_________________ mA Damping ___________________________ seconds

Frequency output

Flow source Frequency input Mass flow rate Volume flow rate

Flow unit _______________________________

Scaling Method Frequency = Flow

Frequency __________________ Hz = Flow __________________________ units

Pulses/Unit Units/Pulse

Pulses ____________________ / unit Units ________________________ / pulse

Pulse width _______________________________

Power Active Passive

Fault indication Downscale Upscale

Last measured value Internal zero

APPEND_A.FM Page 119 Wednesday, June 7, 2000 9:24 AM


Appendix B Return Policy

General guidelines Micro Motion return procedures must be followed for you to meet the legal requirements of applicable U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations. They also help us provide a safe working environment for our employees. Failure to follow these requirements will result in your equipment being refused delivery.

To return equipment, contact the Micro Motion Customer Service Department for information on the return procedures and required documentation forms:• In the U.S.A., phone 1-800-522-6277 or 1-303-530-8422 between

6:00 a.m. and 5:30 p.m. (Mountain Standard Time), Monday through Friday, except holidays.

• In Europe, phone +31 (0) 318 549 549 or your local sales representative.

• In Asia, phone 65-777-8211 or your local sales representative.

Information on return procedures and forms are also available online at www.micromotion.com.

New and unused equipment Only equipment that has not been removed from the original shipping package will be considered new and unused. New and unused equipment includes sensors, transmitters, or peripheral devices which:• Were shipped as requested by the customer but are not needed, or• Were shipped incorrectly by Micro Motion.

Used equipment All other equipment is considered used. This equipment must be completely decontaminated and cleaned before being returned. Document all foreign substances that have come in contact with the equipment.


Domestic shipping and billing addresses

Within the U.S.A., return equipment to the following address:Attn: RMA# _____________Chemical Waste ManagementSensor Department9131 East 96 AvenueHenderson CO 80640

Address all billing and correspondence to:Micro Motion Inc7070 Winchester CircleBoulder, CO 80301Attn: Repairs

International shipping and billing addresses

From outside the U.S.A., consult your local Micro Motion or Fisher-Rosemount office for return address. To return equipment to our facility in the United States, ship to the following address:

Attn: RMA# _____________Micro Motion Incc/o Chemical Waste ManagementSensor Department9131 East 96 AvenueHenderson CO 80640

Address all billing and correspondence to:Micro Motion Inc7070 Winchester CircleBoulder CO 80301Attn: Repairs



Page numbers in bold indicate illustrations.

Index

A

About this manual 1Active alarm log. See Maintenance, View menuAlarm messages. See MaintenanceALTUS NOC software configuration record 117–119Application software

described in this manual 1not described in this manual 1

C

Configurationcompensations 21–23density calibration values 30–34density inputs 26discrete outputs 36flow calibration values 29flow variables 25inputs 25–35milliamp outputs 37–39mode of operation 16outputs 36–41pulse output 40–41recording 15sensor calibration data 28–35sensor information 35sequence 15system data 24temperature 27temperature calibration values 35units of measurement 16–17well data-densities

continuous mode 17–18well test mode 19–21

well performance measurements 15–23Configuration menu. See Software diagramsContinuous mode

accessing 49configuration for 49pause and resume 52–53process monitor 49quick view 52reset 54startup and display test 49viewing production measurements 50–51

Cursor control buttons. See Person-Process InterfaceCustomer service 78

D

Decontamination and return goods policy 121Density calibration. See MaintenanceDetermination of live oil and produced water densities

in-line methods 93–105laboratory methods 87–92

F

Fault outputs. See MaintenanceFunction buttons. See Person-Process Interface

I

Illustrationscorrection of density readings 22cursor control buttons 13D1 and D2 on sensor serial number tag 30diameter and length of cylindrical vessels 97effect of transient bubbles on density 22FD and dens temp coeff on sensor serial number tag 33flow calibration values on sensor serial number tag 29function buttons 11holding at last measured density 22K1 and K2 on sensor serial number tag 31K1 and K2 values from comments section 32K1 and K2 values from second page 32laboratory density measurement system

high pressure 92low pressure 92

laboratory sampling procedureusing empty cylinder 90using water-filled cylinder 89

model 3500 sensor wiring terminals 76model 3700 sensor wiring terminals 76Person-Process Interface 9pressing security button

security disabled 10security enabled 10

process monitor mode 49, 55sample port for laboratory density measurement 88sensor in horizontal pipe run, tubes downward 5sensor in vertical pipe run 5stratification with no flow 96taking a water sample from the separator 101taking an oil sample 103typical installation

sensor and NOC with 2-phase separator 4sensor and NOC with 3-phase separator 4

using a hygrometer to measure water density 101using buttons in the view menu 43water cut calculation 2

In-line density determination 93–105entering water cut 104–105manually entering water density 99–102measuring and saving oil density 103–104measuring and saving water density 94–99procedures 93



Index continued

Installation considerationsavoiding inaccurate flow counts 6–7flow direction 7piping arrangement and ancillary equipment 3sensor installation 5sensor orientation 5sensor, NOC, and separator 4

Introduction to the ALTUS NOC 1–2

L

Laboratory density measurement 87–92processing sample and measuring densities 91–92separator pressure higher than 80 psig 89separator pressure less than 80 psig 90taking sample from flow line 88

M

Maintenanceactive alarm log 78alarm messages 67–77

calibration and trim 71conditional status 72critical status fault 74fault alarms requiring troubleshooting 75–77NOC 68output saturation 70responding to 67slug flow 69totalizer 70transmitter failure fault 74

density calibration 80–86density unit for 80–81duplicating factory 81duplicating previous 82two-point 83–86

fault outputs 73setting discrete outputs 79setting frequency output 80setting milliamp outputs 79

Maintenance menu. See Software diagramsMeasurement uncertainty. See Sensitivity analysis

N

NOC capabilities 2

P

Person-Process Interfacecursor control buttons 12function buttons 11security button 10using 9–13

R

Reasons for using live oil density 87, 93Replacing an older NOC and transmitter 1

S

Security button. See Person-Process InterfaceSensitivity analysis 107–109

error factors 107individual sensitivity 107overall uncertainty 108

Setting outputs 78–80

Software diagramsconfiguration menu 113–114maintenance menu 115view menu

in continuous mode 112in well test mode 111

T

Tablesapproximate capacity of cylindrical vessels 97approximate capacity of spherical ends 97calibration span variables 39configurations for fault outputs 73continuous production measurements 51D1 and D2 values 30densities and deviations for continuous mode 18density inputs 26density of air in grams per cubic centimeter 84density of water 86discrete output 1 power sources 36discrete output assignment variables 36fault conditions and settings for milliamp outputs 37fault output levels 73FD and dens temp coeff values 33flow calibration values 29flow variables 25K1 and K2 tube period values 31laboratory equipement for determining live oil and

produced water densities 87maximum flow rates for high-density calibration 85nominal FD values for sensors 34nominal resistance ranges for flowmeter circuits 77performance measurements for current well test 62performance measurements for previous well tests 65process variables for milliamp outputs 38pulse output variables 40sensor information variables 35system parameters 24temperature calibration values 35temperature inputs 27transient buble remediation parameters 23troubleshooting excessive drive gain 75troubleshooting sensor error fault alarms 77uncertainty factors for percent water cut and

percent net oil 107using calibration and trim alarms 71using conditional status alarms 72using critical status fault alarms 74using NOC alarms 68using output saturation alarms 70using slug flow alarms 69using totalizer alarms 70using transmitter failure fault alarms 74well data for well test mode 21

Totalizersinventory 46process 45–46

Troubleshooting 75–77

V



Index continued

View menuaccessing 43active alarm log 47applications list 48diagnostic monitor 48in continuous mode 112in well test mode 111inventory totalizers 46LCD options 47power outage 48process totalizers 45–46using buttons in 43well performance measurements 44–45

W

Water cutcalculation 2determination 1entering 104–105

Well performance measurementscontinuous mode 44well test mode 44–45

Well test modeaccessing 55conducting a well test 56–57configuration of 55process monitor 55startup and display test 55stopping and continuing a well test 58–59viewing performance measurements 60viewing performance measurements for

the current test 61–62viewing previous well tests 63–65


recycled paper

Micro Motion Inc. USAWorldwide Headquarters7070 Winchester CircleBoulder, Colorado 80301Tel (303) 530-8400

(800) 522-6277Fax (303) 530-8459

Micro Motion EuropeGroeneveldselaan 63903 AZ VeenendaalThe NetherlandsTel +31 (0) 318 549 549Fax +31 (0) 318 549 559

Micro Motion Asia1 Pandan CrescentSingapore 128461Republic of SingaporeTel (65) 777-8211Fax (65) 770-8003

Visit us on the Internet at www.micromotion.com

©1998, 2000, Micro Motion, Inc.All rights reservedP/N 3300833, Rev. B


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