aluminum alloys reinforced by nano-particles

8/6/2019 Aluminum Alloys Reinforced by Nano-Particles

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REPORTDOCUMENTATIONPAGE AFRL-SR-AR-TR-10-0191Th epublicreportingburden(orhiscollectionofnformationsestimatedoaverage ourpe rresponse,ncludinghe im eftmaintaining he dataneeded,and completingan dreviewinghecollectionof informationend commentsregardinghisburdesuggestionsorreducinghe urden,oheDepartment fDefense.ExecutiveServiceDirectorate0704-0188)esponden.personshallbesubjectoan ypenaltyorfailingocomplywithacollectionofnformationf tdoesnot displayacurrentlyvalidOMDCUNUU.PLEASEDONOTRETURNYOURORMTOTHEABOVEORGANIZATION.

REPORTDATE(DD-MM-YYYY)17-03-2010 2.EPORTTYPE FINAL DATESCOVERED(FromTo )Sept2006toNov20094.ITLEANDSUBTITLEALUMINUM ALLOYSREINFORCEDBYNANO-PARTICLESDISPERSION

5a .ONTRACTNUMBERN/A

5b .RANTNUMBERFA9559-06-1-0524

5c . PROGRAMELEMENTNUMBERN/A

6.UTHOR(S)Dr .RobertoMartinezSanchez PrincipalInvestigator

5d PROJECTNUMBERN/A

5e .ASKNUMBERN/A

5f.ORKUNITNUMBERN/A

7.ERFORMINGORGANIZATIONNAME(S)ANDADDRESS(ES)CentrodeInvestigacionenMaterialesAvanzados,S.C.Miguelde Cervantes#120,ComplejoIndustrialChihuahua.Chiahuahua Chih..CP 31109.Mexico.

8.PERFORMINGORGANIZATIONREPORTNUMBER

N/A9. SPONSORING/MONITORINGAGENCYNAME(S)ANDADDRESS(ES) 10 .SPONSOR/MONITOR'SACRONYM(S)

N/A11 .SPONSOR/MONITOR'SREPORT

NUMBER(S)N/A

12 .DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITYSTATEMENTPublicdomain

13 .SUPPLEMENTARYNOTESN /A 2010060221714BSTRACTThesynthesisan dmechanical-microstructural characterization on nanocompositeswas the focusinthisproject.Nanoparticlesofdifferentnature(C an d silvernanoparticles)an dnanofiber (carbonnanotubes)wereusedasreinforcementphase.Inthe beginningpurealuminum matrixwas employedto producenanocomposites, attheen dwas exploredthe possibility toscalethisresultstoaluminum alloys(AA2024 an dAA7075).Nanoparticles (NPs)dispersion showed anincrementinmechanicalpropertiesasafunctionofthe NP content.GraphiteNP sfavortheformationofanapparentaluminum oxi-carbidewithamorphousstructure.Silvernanopanicles(AGC-NP)keptthemorphology afterallexperimentalprocess:thismeansthatAGC-NP wereno tdissolvedor deformedduringprocesses.I n the samecasetographiteNP .whenAGC-NPwereusedas reinforcing phase,anincrementinmechanicalpropertieswas observedasafunction ofAGC-NPcontent.Therear eseveralstrengthening mechanismsworkinginthesenanocomposites.Someofthem ar ecommentedanddiscussedinpublishedarticles. 15 .SUBJECTTERMSCompositematerials,nanoparticles.MET.MEB.XRD.Mechanicalproperties16 .SECURITYCLASSIFICATIONOF:a.EPORT b.ABSTRACT c.THISPAGE 17 .LIMITATIONOFABSTRACT 18 .NUMBEROFPAGES 19a.NAMEOFRESPONSIBLEPERSONDr.RobertoMartinezSanchez19b.TELEPHONENUMBER(Includeareacode)

011+52(614)493-1146StandardForm298(Rev.8/98)Prescribedby ANS IStd.Z3 918 AdobeProfessional .0


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(ctituuy^ ^ researchProposalfo rth eA ir ForceOfficeofScientificResearch(AFOSR)LatinAmericanInitiative

FinalReport2010

Aluminum AlloysReinforced byNano-ParticlesDispersion

PrincipalInvestigator:Dr.RobertoMartinez SanchezInstitution:CentrodeInvestigationenMaterialesAvanzados,S.C.Address: Migueleervantes 120,omplejo Industrialhihuahua,ChiahuahuaChili.,CP31109,Mexico.

AgreementnumberFA9559-06-1-0524.


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AbstractThesynthesisandmechanical-microstructuralcharacterizationonnanocompositesw ashefocusnhisroject.anoparticlesfdifferentatureCndilveranoparticles)nd nanofibercarbonanotubes)eresedseinforcementhase.nheeginningurealuminummatrixw asemployedoproducenanocomposites,atheendw asexploredhepossibilityoscalehisesultsoaluminumalloysAA2024ndAA7075).anoparticles(NPs)ispersionhowednncrementnmechanicalroperties s unctionofth eP content.raphitePsavorheormationfnpparentluminumxi-carbideith amorphoustructure.ilveranoarticlesAGc-NP)eptheorphologyfterll experimentalrocess;hiseanshatGc-NPereotissolvedreformeduringprocesses.Inth esamecaseto graphiteNP,whenAGc-NPwe r eusedasreinforcingphase,anincrementinmechanicalpropertiesw asobserved asafunctionofAGc-NPcontent .Thereareseveraltrengtheningechanismsorkingnheseanocomposites.omefhemr ecommentedanddiscussedinpublishedarticles.2.-Objective:Ourresearchobjectiveisto increaseth emechanicalresistanceofaluminummatrices(focusedinaluminumalloysromeries2XXX ,XXX ndpurealuminum)producedbyowderMetallurgyprocesseswithoutalteringth enaturalductilityanddensityvaluesofth ealloys.ThereinforcedAlalloyscanbeusedsatisfactorilyinapplicationsrelatedtoaeronauticalan d aerospaceindustries,aswe l lasotherrelatedindustr ies.3.-StatusofeffortConsiderabledvancesaveeeneachednheluminumatrixeinforcementynanoparticlesdispersion,mainfocusofthisproject .Nanoparticles(andnanofiber)ofdifferentnatureaseentudiedseinforcementispersoids.esultsfluminum-GraphitenanoparticlesGNP) ,luminum-SilveranoparticlesAg-NP)ndluminum-CarbonnanotubesCNT)compositesarencludednhepresentreport .Additionally,nalloysthatca nbestrengthenedbyprecipitationthermaltreatment(aging),orexampleseries7XXXor 2XXX,th efirstexperimentsarerunning,howevertheseresultsarenotreported(published)atthist ime.Hasbeenfoundanmportanteffectofsolutiontreatmentonmechanicalpropertiesinnanocomposites,w eexpecthatafterprecipitationreatmentTemperT6),obtainbettermechanicalpropertiesthatth enitialaluminumalloy7XXXor2XXX).Atth een dof thisprojectwerepublishedseveralscientificarticles,includesin th enumber6(Publications).4.-Accomplishments/NewFindingsThemainobjectiveof th epresentresearchsth eeinforcementofaluminummatrixbyNP andanofiberCNT)ispersion.nhisield,nmportantncrementnechanicalproperties(tensile,compressionandhardnesstest)byNPandCNTdispersionw asobserved.Theariationsnensitybservedereotmportant .resencefPelaysherecrystalizationnotxtrudedluminumasedanocompositesomparedithurealuminumaftersamehottreatment.Inhebeginning,purealuminumascompositematrixw asused;however,heexperimentalprocedurew as shiftedto aluminumalloy,mainlyinAl-Cu( 2XXXseries)andAl-Zn(7XXXseries). Workwithaluminumalloys(series2XXX &7XXX )stillinth ebeginningstep.Howeve r ,th enewesultsr eptimisticndromissory,heechanicalndicrostructuralcharacterizationfterheatreatment reeingcaringut;heuestionsre,hatsheinteractionof nanoparticleswithth eprecipitates,is thereaneffectofnanoparticlesdispersion


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inth eprecipitationsequence?,sthereaneffectofnanoparticles(orCNT)nth eprecipitatessize?.Andoneofth emostimportantquestions,how isth einteractionofdislocationswithth enanoparticlesornanofibersCNT)?.eepcharacterizationsnecessaryandourgroupnworkinginthisdirection.Atthismomenttherear epublicationsresultofthisresearchproject,we r eth epossiblestrengtheningmechanismsarementionedanddiscussed. Newopportunityareas reemergedduringth ecourseofth epresentresearch,orexample,whatshappeninginth enterfaceAluminum-NTC?.Apparently,hereexistsanaluminumcarbidenucleation thenterphase.thasbeenoundhepresenceofanAUC3byX-raydiffraction.dentificationfhisarbideasee neached,heorphologyndts compositionisundercharacterization.Wetillorkingnheeterminationfsaturationoint,thisomentechanicalproperties rencreasingasheNPcontentnncreasing swel l ;howeve r ,hemaximumamounthasnotbeendeterminateorreached.Weeportpublicationsaboutaluminum-basednanocompositeswithamountsofCNTorNPinth eorderof5w t.%,howeve r ,th esaturationpointapparentlyhasnotbeenreached. Itsel lnowhatluminuml loys02 4nd07 5reusceptiblefprecipitationstrengthening,hasbeenoundthatCNTandAGc-NPncreasehemechanicalesistancen2024aluminumalloy,thisopenth epossibilitythatwithasubsequentheattreatment(T6),willbepossiblebtaincompositematerialsAA2024-CNTorAA2024-AGc-NP)ithovelproperties,comparedwithAA2024aluminumalloy. 5.-PersonnelSupportedTheparticipantsimplicatedinth epresentprojectare:Dr.RobertoMartinezSanchezr incipalInvestigatorDr.MarioMikiYoshidaollaboratorDr.JoseMartinHerreraRamirezollaboratorM.Sc .IvanovichEstradaGuelollaboratorEng.WilberAntiinezFloresollaboratorStudents:

1 .au lPerezBustamante(M .Sc .Student)RADUATED2 .ianaCriselMendozaRuiz(M .Sc .tudent)RADUATED3.alebCarrefioGallardo(Ph.D.Student)4. 6. -PublicationsListofpublications(InternationalJournal)inwhichisacknowledgingth eeconomicalsupportf romUSAF.1 ..antos-Beltran,.allegos-Orozco,.strada-Guel,.ejar-G6mez,.Espinosa-Magafia,.iki-Yoshidand.artinez-Sanchez,EMCharacterizationfAI-C-CU-AI2O3ompositesroducedyMechanicalMilling,JournalofAlloysan dCompounds,Vol .434-435,2007) ,514-517.

2 ...Flores-Zamora,.Estrada-Guel,.Gonzalez-Hernandez,M.Miki-Yoshida,R.Martinez-Sanchez,Aluminum-GraphiteCompositeProduced byMechanicalMilling


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andHotExtrusion,ournalofAlloysandCompounds,Vol .434-435, (2007),518-521.

3..MartinezSanchez,.eyes-Gasga,.audillo,.I .arcia-Gutierrez,.Marquez-Lucero,I.Estrada-Guel,D.C.Mendoza-Ruiz,M.Jose"Yacaman,MechanicalandMicrostructuralCharacterizationofAluminumReinforcedwithCarbon-coatedSilverNanoparticles,JournalofAlloysandCompoundsVol .438,(2007) ,195-201.

4..Pe>ez-Bustamante,.Estrada-Guel,W.Antiinez-Flores,M.Miki-YoshidaandR.Martinez-Sanchez,ovelAl-matrixanocompositeseinforcedwithulti-walledcarbonnanotubes,JournalofAlloysand Compounds,450(2008)323-326.

5..G .amirez-Cano,.strada-Guel,.C .Mendoza-Ruiz,.eyes-Gasga,.J .Yacaman,A.Marquez-LuceroandR.Martinez-Sanchez.MechanicalandStructuralCharacterizationfGraphiteoatedSilveranoparticles-ReinforcedAluminum.ReviewsonAdvancedMaterialsScience,Vol18(2008)276-279.

6..C .Mendoza-Ruiz, .A .sneider-Alcala,.strada-Guel, .Miki-Yoshida, .L6pez-G6mezandR.Martinez-Sanchez.DispersionofGraphiteNanoparticlesina6063luminumlloyyMechanicalMillingndotxtrusion.eviewsn AdvancedMaterialsScience,Vol18(2008)280-283 .

7..arrefio-Gallardo,.strada-Guel, .A .eri,.ocha-Rangel,.omero-Romo,.6pez-Melendez,nd.Martinez-Sanchez.arbon-coatedilvernanoparticlesdispersedina2024Aluminumalloyproducedbymechanicalmilling.JournalofAlloysandCompounds,483(2009)355-358.

8.strada-Guel,C.Carefio-Gallardo,D.C.Mendoza-Ruiz,M.Miki-Yoshida,E.Rocha-Rangelnd.artinez-Sanchez.raphiteanoparticleispersionn075Aluminum Alloyby meansofMechanicalAlloying.JournalofAlloysandCompounds,483(2009)173-177.

9..C.Mendoza-Ruiz,D.Lardizabal-Gutidrrez,E.Torres-Moye,M.Miki-Yoshida,.Estrada-GuelndR.Martinez-Sanchez,haracterizationofAluminum-ZincAlloyReinforceditharbon-Coatedilveranoparticles,ournalflloysnd Compounds,Submitted.

10.Estrada-Guel,C.Carefio-Gallardo,E.Rocha-Rangel,M.Miki-Yoshida,P.Amezaga-Madridnd.artinez-Sanchez,ffectfMetallicdditionnMechanicalPropertiesinanAluminum-GraphiteCompositeSynthesized bymeansofMechanicalMilling,JournalofAlloysand Compounds,Submitted.

11.R.Pe>ez-Bustamante ,C.D.G6mez-Esparza,I.Estrada-Guel,P.Amezaga-Madrid,M.Miki-Yoshida,.Martinez-Sanchez,MechanicalharacterizationfAI-MWCNTcomposites,JournalofAlloysandCompounds,Submitted.

12 .C.arrefio-Gallardo,.strada-Guel,eri ..,.ocha-Rangel, .omero-Romo,.6pez-Melndez, .Miki-Yoshidand.Martinez-Sanchez,ffectofsolutionheattreatmenton2024aluminumalloyreinforcedwithcarboncoatedsilvernanoparticles(AgcNP),Journalof AlloysandCompounds,Submitted.


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13.R.P6rez-Bustamante,C.D.G6mez-Esparza,I.Estrada-Guel,P.Amdzaga-Madrid,M.Miki-Yoshida,R.Martinez-Sanchez,MicrostructuralcharacterizationofAl-MWCNTcompositesproducedbymechanicalmillingandhotextrusion,ournalofAlloysand Compounds,Submitted.

14.R.Flores-Campos,D.C.Mendoza-Ruiz,M.Martinez-Martinez,.EstradaGuel ,M.Miki-Yoshida,.artinez-Sanchez,icrostructuralndechanicalCharacterizationnluminum075lloyeinforcedyilveranoparticlesDispersion,JournalofAlloysandCompounds,Submitted.7.Interactions/Transitions:a.Participation/presentationsatmeetings,conferences,seminars,etc.

1 ..C.Mendoza-Ruiz,I .Estrada-Guel,R.P6rez-Bus tamante ,C.D.G6mez-Esparza,A. Hernandez-Gutierrez,E.Torres-Moye,..Baraja-Villareal,R.Martinez-Sanchez. Compositosluminio-Nanoparticulaselataecubiertasonrqfito.rimerEncuentroInternacionalICM 2007,nstitutoTecnologicoydeEstudiosSuperioresdeMonterreyITESMCampusChihuahua ,1y12deoctubrede2007.

2 ..P6rezBustamante,I.EstradaGuel,W.AntunezFlores,M.MikiYoshida,E.TorresMoye,..arajasillaruel,.ernandezutierrez,..Mendozauiz,.Martinez-Sanchez.ropiedadesecdnicaseompositosluminio-nanotubosecarbono.rimerncuentronternacionalCM007,nstitutoecnol6gico eEstudiosSuperioresdeMonterreyITESMCampusChihuahua,1y12deoctubrede2007.

3..C.Mendoza-Ruiz I.Estrada-GuelP.G.Ramirez-Cano,A.Hernandez-Gutierrez,E.orres-Moye .I.Barajas-Villareal,.artinez-Sanchez.aracterizacionEstructural MecdnicaeluminioeforzadoonanoparticulaselataRecubiertasconGrqfito.nstitutoTecnologicodeSaltillo.Congresonternacionaldemetalurgiaymateriales.Saltillo,Coahuila17,18y19deoctubredel2007. 4..lores-Campos,..Mendoza-Ruiz, .Martinez-Martinez,stradaGuel ,.

Miki-Yoshidal,.artinez-Sanchez.icrostructuralndechanicalcharacterizationnluminum075lloyeinforcedyilveranoparticlesdispersion.nstitutoTecnol6gicodeSaltillo.Congresonternacionaldemetalurgiaymateriales.Saltillo,Coahuila17,18y19deoctubredel2007.

5.strada-Guel,..endoza-Ruiz,.iki-Yoshida,.ocha-Rangel,.Martinez-Sanchez.NanoparticleDispersionn075aluminumAlloy.nternationalSymposiumonMetaestableandNano-Materials,Corfu ,Greece ,26-30August,2007.6...Mendoza-Ruiz,.amirez-Cano,.strada-Guel,.choa-Gamboa,.Flores-Zufiiga,.iki-Yoshida,.araguay-Delgado,.artinez-Sanchez.

Interactionfislocationsithanoparticlesnl-basedanocomposites.InternationalSymposiumonMetaestableandNano-Materials,Corfu ,Greece,26-30August,2007.


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7..arrefio-Gallardo,.strada-Guel,er i ..,.ocha-Rangel, .omero-Romo,.Martinez-Sanchez.arbon-Coatedilvernanoparticlesispersedna2024aluminumalloyproducedbymechanicalmilling.nternationalSymposiumon Metaestableand Nano-Materials,Corfu ,Greece ,26-30August ,2007.

8..C .Mendozauiz,.ardizabalutierrez,.orres oye, . ik ioshida,I.Estradauel,.Martinezanchez.haracterizationf7075luminumlloyReinforcedwithCarbon-coatedSilver Nanoparticles.XVInternationalSymposiumon Metastable,AmorphousandNanostructuredMaterials ,BuenosAires,Argentina,6-10July,2008.

9.antosBelt ran,V .GallegosOrozco,F.AlvaradoHernandez,S.HaroRodriguez,A. Lopezbar raand.MartinezSanchez.SynthesisandCharacterizationOfAI-AI4C3NanocompositesProducedB yMechanicalMilling.XVnternationalSymposiumon Metastable,AmorphousandNanostructuredMaterials ,BuenosAires,Argentina,6-10July,2008.

10.CarrefioGallardo,.EstradaGuel ,Ner iM.A. E.RochaRangel,M.RomeroRomo,W.AntunezFlores,C.LopezMelendez,M.MikiYoshidaandR.MartinezSanchez.Mechanicalcharacterizationofaluminumalloy2024einforcedwithcarboncoatedsilvernanoparticlesproducedbymechanicalmilling.XVInternationalSymposiumon Metastable,AmorphousandNanostructuredMaterials ,BuenosAires,Argentina,6-10July,2008.

11.R.FloresCampos,D.C.MendozaRuiz,M.MartinezMartinez,.EstradaGuel ,M.MikiYoshida,R.MartinezSanchez.MicrostructuralandMechanicalCharacterizationin07 5luminumlloyeinforcedyilveranoparticlesispersion.V InternationalymposiumonMetastable,Amorphous ndNanostructuredMaterials,BuenosAires,Argentina,6-10July,2008.

12 .R.Perez-Bustamante,CDGomez-Esparza,.Estrada-Guel,P.Amezaga-Madrid,M.Miki-Yoshida,nd.Martinez-Sanchez.icrostructuralharacterizationfAl- MWCNTompositesroducedyechanicalillingndotxtrusion.V InternationalymposiumonMetastable,Amorphous ndNanostructuredMaterials,BuenosAires,Argentina,6-10July,2008.

13.Estrada-Guel,C.Carefio-Gallardo,E.Rocha-Rangel,M.Miki-Yoshida,P.Amezaga-Madridnd.art inezanchez.ffectf etallicdditionnechanicalpropertiesnnAluminum-GraphiteCompositesynthesizedbyMechanicalMilling.XVnternationalymposiumnetastable,morphousndanostructuredMaterials,BuenosAires,Argentina,6-10July,2008.

14.R.Perez-Bustamante,CDGomez-Esparza,.Estrada-Guel,P.Amezaga-Madrid,M.Miki-Yoshida,andR.Martinez-Sanchez.MechanicalcharacterizationofAl-MWCNTcomposites.Vnternationalymposiumnetastable,morphousnd NanostructuredMaterials ,BuenosAires,Argentina,6-10July,2008.

15.R.Perez-Bustamante,F.Perez-Bustamante,J.M.Herrera-Ramirez,I.Estrada-Guel,P. Amdzaga-Madrid, .Miki-Yoshida,.Martinez-Sanchez,roductionofA12024-


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CNTscompositesby millingprocessandtheirmicrostructuralcharacterization,XVII IINTERNATIONALMATERIALSRESEARCHCONGRESS2009,6-21August,Canciin,Mexico .

16.R.Pdrez-Bustamante,F.Pe>ez-Bustamante,J.M.Herrera-Ramirez,I.Estrada-Guel,P. Amezaga-Madrid, .Miki-Yoshida,.Martinez-Sanchez,DispersionofCNTsnaluminum024lloyyillingrocess,Vorkshopnetastablend nanostructuredmaterials,August23-26,2009,IPN,ESIQUE,Mexico ,City.

17 .Estrada-Guel,.L .ardoso ,.arefio-Gallardo,.M .errera-Ramirez,. iki-Yoshidand.Martinez-Sanchez,ynthesisndmechanicalharacterizationfaluminum-basedcomposites preparedbymechanicalmillingandpowdermetallurgy,IVWorkshoponmetastableandnanostructuredmaterials,August23-26,2009,PN,ESIQUE,Mexico ,City.

18.Estrada-Guel,J.L.Cardoso,C.Carefio-Gallardo,M.Miki-YoshidaandR.Martinez-Sanchez,Synthesisandmechanicalharacterizationofaluminum-basedcompositespreparedyowderetallurgy,VIIINTERNATIONALATERIALSRESEARCHCONGRESS2009,16-21August ,Canciin,Mexico .

8.New discoveries,inventions,or patentdisclosures.None9.Honors/Awards:ThelastSeptemberIw aspromotedtoHeadofth eIntegrityandDesignofCompositeMaterialsDepartment.ResearchInterestCategory&CorrespondingProgramManager:MetallicMaterialsDr.JoanneFullerAFOSR/NA

aluminum alloys reinforced by nano-particles

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