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  • Protection against unintended car movement

    EN 81-1/2:1998 + A3:2009

  • Mr. Robert Kaspersma

  • Mr. Robert Kaspersma

  • Liftinstituut in general Established in 1933. Implies over 75 years

    of experience Head-office Amsterdam/Netherlands based

    with several regional offices elsewhere in the Netherlands

    Office in Istanbul/Turkey App. 170 employees of which 125

    inspectors Close co-operation with leading universi-

    ties, a.o. Delft University of Technology

  • Liftinstituut in general First European institution to be appointed

    as Notified Body with regard to Lift Directive 95/16/EC

    In March 2009 Liftinstituut was appointed as AECO (Acreditated Elevator/Escalator Certification Organization) by ANSI!

    Active participation in meetings of Notified Bodies

    Involved in many normalization committees for codes and standards in Europe / North America / ISO

  • EN 81-1/2:1998 + A3:2009Valid from 1-1-2010 Main items:

    1. restriction of scope (0.15 m/s)2. fixing systems of removable guards3. protection against unintended

    movements4. levelling and re-levelling accuracy

    CEN declares items 3 and 4 are not related to the new Machinery Directive.

    Therefore transition period of 24 months for items 3 and 4 (comply fully 31-12-2011)

  • Restriction of scope

    The MD (2006/42/EC) includes some changes for LD (95/16/EC):

    Border between lifts and machines is more clear:

    Clause 1.3 g EN 81-1 (1.3 h EN 81-2) Lifts which have a speed of less than 0.15 m/s

    are excluded.

  • Fixing systems of removable guardsThe MD (2006/42/EC) includes some changes which have effect on lifts: Clause 0.3.19 EN 81-1/2

    The fixing system of guards, used specifically to provide protection against mechanical, electrical or any other hazards by means of a physical barrier, which have to be removed during regular maintenance and inspection, remains attached to the guard or to the equipment when the guard is removed.

  • Levelling and re-levelling accuracy Clause 12.12 EN 81-1 (clause 12.15 EN 81-2)

    The stopping accuracy of the car shall be 10 mm;

    A levelling accuracy of 20 mm shall be maintained. If, during e.g. loading and unloading phases, the value of 20 mm is exceeded, it shall be corrected.

  • Protection against unintended car movement

    Clause 9.11 EN 81-1 (clause 9.13 EN 81-2)

    Means shall stop unintended car movement away from the landing with the landing door not in the locked position and the car door not in the closed position.

  • Protection against unintended car movement

    Is a result of failure in any single component of the lift machine or drive control system upon which the safe movement of the car depends.

    Excluded are failure of the suspension ropes or chains and the traction sheave or drum or sprockets of the machine. (loss of traction)

  • Maximum stopping distances

  • System description

    Detector MicroprocessorStoppingelement

  • The unintended movement of the car shall be detected by at least one switching device at latest when the car leaves the unlocking zone (7.7.1).

    be a safety contact in conformity with 14.1.2.2

    be connected in such a way as to satisfy the requirements for safety circuits in 14.1.2.3 (Fault tree) or 14.1.2.6(PESSRAL).

    Detectors

  • Stopping elementThe stopping element of the means shall act: on the car, or on the counterweight, or on the rope system (suspension or

    compensating), or on the traction sheave (e.g. on the

    sheave directly or on the same shaft in the immediate vicinity of the sheave).

  • Maximum retardation of the car with any load in the car, up to 100 % of rated load:

    1 gn for unintended movements in up direction,

    the values accepted for safety gears in down direction.

    Stopping element

  • 1 gn for unintended movements in up direction :

    the deceleration values should be verified or calculated taking into account an empty car and a fully loaded car.

    Stopping element

  • The values accepted for safety gears in down direction:

    This means that higher deceleration values than 1 gn are allowed.

    f.e. Instantaneous safety gears or progressive safety gears at a lower speed or loads

    Stopping element

  • Possible elements: Normal brake Traction sheave brake Rope gripper Overspeed governor Safety gear Safety valve

    Stopping element

  • Certification

  • Typical sequence

    1. Car is not at the level and starts to re-level.

    2. Car accelerates and passes allowed levelling zone.

    3. Power is removed from motor/brake and UCM is activated.

    4. UCM means is stopping the car.

  • Response time

  • Response time

    The maximum speed is depending on: System setup (weights, sheaves, travel) Drive system (power, detection) Response time [detection(3), stopping

    element (4)]

  • Questions to ask

    1. What is the levelling zone?2. What is the delay of electrical system?3. What speed can the drive accomplish?4. What is the natural acceleration?

    CWT mass, Car mass, Nominal load Rule of thumb:

    Empty: gn = g x ((CWTm Carm) / (CWTm + Carm ))

    Full: gn = g x ((CWTm Carm) / (CWTm + Carm + Q))

  • Questions to ask

    5. What is the delay of stopping element?6. What is stopping force?7. Is the final result within the limits

  • (EC)Type examination

    Type examination for A3 component

    A3 certification can be part of EC type examination component, only one certificate and report required.

  • Examples

    Overspeed governor Delay in electrical activation (ms) Delay in activating stopping element

    (cm) Reliability of acting components (tests)

  • Examples

    Safety gear Delay in mechanical activation (cm) Minimum activation speed (0 m/s) Maximum activation speed Durability 20 tests with maximum

    activating speed Braking force (car must stop also

    upwards)

  • Examples

    Rope gripper Delay in electrical activation (ms) Minimum activation speed (0 m/s) Maximum activation speed Durability 20 tests with maximum

    activating speed Braking force (car must stop also

    upwards)

  • Examples

    Machine Brake Not used for normal stopping Check on correct functioning

    Contacts (movement of brake claws) Torque check

    Delay in electrical activation (ms) Braking force / Traction!

  • Hydraulics

    EXAMPLE Second lowering valve on cylinder Independently opened Valves need to be checked on

    correct function(self-monitoring).

  • Certificate informationCertificate for the complete UCM-Protection system type and application of the unintended car

    movement protection system; the limits of the key parameters (as agreed

    between laboratory and manufacturer); the test-speed with relevant parameters for

    Final Inspection use; the type of parts on which the stopping

    elements act; the combination of detecting device and

    stopping system of the means.

  • Certificate informationCertificate for the detector as part of the UCM-Protection system type and application of the detector as part of the UCM-

    Protection system; the limits of the key parameters (as agreed between laboratory

    and manufacturer); depending on the working principle of the detecting device: the maximum applicable parameters before activating the

    braking system; e.g. limit values of distances / detection time / speeds /

    accelerations etc. delay time the combination of detecting device and the intended

    stopping system of the means.

  • Certificate informationCertificate for the stopping system as part of the UCM-Protection system type and application of the stopping system as part of the UCM-Protection

    system; the limits of the key parameters (as agreed between laboratory and

    manufacturer); the test-speed with relevant parameters for Final Inspection use; depending on the working principle of the stopping system: the maximum applicable parameters of the stopping system; e.g. min. / max. breaking force / torque distances from begin of activation until reaching min. / max. breaking force /

    torque stopping distances (movement of the car with engaged stopping elements) in

    conjunction with wear and tear maximum permissible speed before deceleration occurs delay time the type of parts on which the stopping elements act; the combination of detecting device and stopping system of the means.

  • Performed certifications

  • Performed certificationsComplete systems: Mitsubishi, Schindler:

    detection means and machine brake including application range

    Parts: Bode:

    overspeed governors rope gripper

    Cobianchi: safety gears Hollister & Whitney: rope gripper

  • Thank you for your attention and visit us at www.liftinstituut.nl!

    Slide 1Mr. Robert KaspersmaMr. Robert KaspersmaLiftinstituut in generalLiftinstituut in generalEN 81-1/2:1998 + A3:2009Restriction of scopeFixing systems of removable guardsLevelling and re-levelling accuracyProtection against unintended car movementProtection against unintended car movementMaximum stopping distancesSystem descriptionDetectorsStopping elementStopping elementStopping elementStopping elementStopping elementSlide 20Typical sequenceResponse timeResponse timeQuestions to askQuestions to ask(EC)Type examinationExamplesExamplesExamplesExamplesHydraulicsCertificate informationCertificate informationCertificate informationSlide 35Performed certificationsSlide 37