“America becomes the United States” book

choose 3 pieces of construction paperfold each one in ½cut one 2” on each edge of the foldcut the other 2 along the fold except for 2” at each endroll the 1st piece thru the opening of the other 2 and unrollyour book is ready to make, without staples, and lays flat!

cover page

• years of war 1775 - 1783

• American colonists vs GB and loyalists

• 3 pictures from the chapter

• your name

vocabulary – cut out each definition, match to each word, glue into book, pg. 1

STAMP ACT

SUGAR ACT

BOSTON MASSACRE

BOSTON TEA PARTY

COMMON SENSE

LEXINGTON

CONCORD

SARATOGA

YORKTOWN

GEORGE WASHINGTON

GEORGE III

WILLIAM HOWE

MARQUIS de LAFAYETTE

RATIFICATION

LOYALISTS

to approve

pamphlet by Thomas Paine to encourage the colonists to declare independence

from GB

tax on official documents to help raise money for GB

battle: “shot heard ‘round the world” that announced the Revolution

turning point in the Revolutionary War

colonists who fought on the side of the British

tax on sugar imports to raise money for GB

last battle of the American Revolution

commander of the Continental Army

scene of conflict between a few British soldiers and patriots

British general who drove Washington out of New York & into Pennsylvania

King of England during the Revolutionary War

action by colonists to show their anger over the tea tax

1st shots of the American Revolution fired here

French noble who persuaded the French to help the patriots

map page #2

• using maps on pages 129 & 133, label the battles of the American Revolution in the 13 colonies.

• include a key to show different colors for British victories and patriot victories

• cut out and label one patriot soldier and one British redcoat, glue near the map

“It’s Just Common Sense”

• Written by ________________________• Argued that _______________________

___________________________________

___________________________________• One of America’s 1st _________________

“Declaration of Independence” written by ________________________

** Copy all of the information on these 2 pages onto 2 pages in your book. ** Use 2 different colors of marker for “Common Sense” and the “Declaration of Independence”** Use the text book to fill in the blanks

“We hold these __________ to be self-evident that _____________________________,

that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these

are _______, _____________, and the ___________________________________.”

2 Grievancesagainst the King.

1.

2.

2 ideas aboutwhat governmentshould be like.

1.

2.

3 signers of the Declaration

battles pages• write a summary of the following 5 events,

use your textbook for details

• draw a picture, in color, of each event

1. Lexington & Concord

2. Bunker Hill

3. Saratoga

4. French come to help

5. Yorktown

timeline

• write the “title” across the 2 pages• cut out the lines and glue across the pages• write each event in a box, cut it out, put the date on the back• arrange the boxes on the line using the marks provided as guides• write the year above or below the box• next to each box, label it “loosely united”, “unifying”, “mad”, or “united” based on what you

think the feelings of the colonists were at the time• Finally, in a blank space around your timeline answer this question: “If you were living in

America during this time, which side would you have joined? Why?”

“British are Tea Act Bill of Rights Boston Massacre Sugar Act French send troops coming” added to the

Constitutionstamp Act War Ends Declaration of Fighting at Lexington Boston Tea

Party Independence

Articles of Confederation written written and ratified

Articles of Confederation Peace Treaty signed French-Indian War ends Constitutional Convention meets

replaced by the Constitution

“How did America change from being divided colonies to the United States of America?”

Constitutional Convention & the new nation is formed

• follow the power point on the lap top to complete the notes for these 2 pages.

• make the foldable for the compromises & take notes (page 1)

• don’t forget to do the “rights” analysis after taking notes – somewhere in the blank space of this page in your book

• page 2 starts with the 1st president info

Checks and BalancesConstitutional Convention• 12 states attended some or all of

the meetings.• Politicians in Rhode Island were

opposed to a stronger government; they chose not to take part in the convention.

• James Madison kept a detailed account of the convention in his diary.

Controversial plans• Congress had to find a balance

between the large and small states and northern and southern interests.

The Virginia Plan:• Gave more power to states• Bicameral (2 house) legislature• The number of representatives for

each state would be based on population.

• Small states objected; came up with new plan.

New Jersey Plan:• Gave more power to national

government• Unicameral (1 house) legislature• Each state would have an equal

number of representatives.

Compromises at the Convention Compromises on slavery• Southern states wanted to count all slaves for

representation purposes but none for taxation.• Northern states objected.

• Three-Fifths Compromise: all whites plus three-fifths of the slave population would be counted for both representation and taxation.

• Native Americans were not counted at all.

• In order to maintain unity between North and South, delegates agreed to a clause allowing the slave trade to continue for 20 years.

• Another clause, the fugitive slave clause, stated that a slave who fled to another state had to be returned to his or her original state.

Can the Constitution get ratified now that these compromises have been made?

That depends on who you ask. Many were happy to have a plan for a strong federal government that could control the bigger, wealthy states. Others worried about their individual freedoms being ignored for the good of the whole. The addition of a Bill of Rights was a big step towards finding a middle ground.

The Anti-FederalistsAnti-Federalists opposed ratification of the Constitution. They argued that although the Articles of Confederation needed to be improved, the proposed Constitution granted too much power to the national government. Some of the more famous Anti-Federalists included Patrick Henry, George Mason, George Clinton, and Thomas Paine. Other Anti-Federalists preferred to remain anonymous.

Thomas Paine

George Mason

Patrick Henry

The FederalistsThe Federalist, was a series of eighty-five articles written and published between September 1787 and August 1788. The articles presented arguments in favor of the new Constitution. Although all of the articles are signed Publius, it was well known the main authors were Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay. Hamilton wrote the first essay in response to a series of Anti-Federalist articles criticizing the Constitution. Most of these essays were published in The New York Packet and The Independent Journal.

The Anti-Federalists

The primary argument of the Anti-Federalists was that the new government was too powerful and threatened the rights of the states and their citizens. While most of the Anti-Federalist essays were written anonymously, historians are confident they have identified several of these writers.

George Clinton “Cato”

Richard Henry Lee “Federal Farmer”

Robert Yates “Brutus” and

“Sydney”

Mercy Otis Warren “Columbian Patriot”

Divisions

The debate resulting from ratification of the Constitution split Americans between those who favored a strong central government and those who wanted power to reside with the states. Although President George Washington warned of

political factions in his farewell address, the divisions that had begun in 1787 led to the formation of the first political parties in the United States: The Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican Party. President Washington also set the tradition to only serve 2 terms to prevent power being held too long by one leader.

The ResultBoth sides in the debate between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists won.

The Federalists won when the Constitution was finally ratified and became the law of the land with the federal government as the central authority.

The Ant-Federalists won because the Bill of Rights would guarantee the rights of citizens and it would be added in 1791, a few years after the Constitution was ratified.

James Madison presents the Bill of Rights to Congress. While

twelve amendments were originally proposed, only ten were sent to the states for ratification.

They all passed.

The LegacyRead through the Bill of Rights in the text. List the 3 that are most important to you. Explain your reasons for choosing each one.

*3 amendments, 3 explanations as to why is it your personal favorite.

Write this in the space above or below your foldable.

“The New Nation is Formed”

• 2nd page (need to use the text book)1st President: _______________________

-warned against __________________-served ____ terms

Alexander Hamilton ___________________ hint: he is involved in $

John Marshall ________________________established courts as equal to the _______ and the __________

Marbury v Madison: summarize the case, explain its importance