american demography & immigration nascent immigration the slave trade south southwest old...
TRANSCRIPT
American Demography & Immigration
Nascent ImmigrationThe Slave Trade
South Southwest
Old ImmigrationNew ImmigrationNewest ImmigrationCurrent Immigration
Some Basic ConceptsWhat is the nature of inter-group
relations in multiethnic societies?How are the various ethnic groups
ranked and what are consequences of that ranking system?
How does the dominant group maintain its place and how do subordinate groups attempt to change that?
What are the long-range outcomes of ethnic inter-relations?
4 Key Questions
Some Basic Concepts
Unique cultural Traits
Sense of Community
EthnocentrismAscribed
MembershipTerritoriality
Ethnic Groups
Some Basic Concepts
As a Biological Notion As a Social ConstructIn the Ideology of Racism
Race
Ethnic Stratification
Minority GroupsDifferential TreatmentSocial DefinitionDifferential PowerCategorical NatureSociological and Numerical
Meanings
Dominant GroupsDominant Groups
Political, Economic, and Cultural Political, Economic, and Cultural DominanceDominance
Middleman MinoritiesMiddleman Minorities
Ethnic Stratification
ConquestAnnexationVoluntary
ImmigrationInvoluntary
Immigration
Forms of Contact
Prejudice and Discrimination
Prejudice Stereotypes Social Distance
Discrimination Individual Institutional Structural
Assimilation and Pluralism
Manner of EntranceTime of EntranceDemographic
FactorsCultural SimilarityVisibility
Factors Affecting Assimilation
Assimilation and Pluralism
Cultural AssimilationStructural AssimilationBiological AssimilationPsychological
Assimilation
Assimilation
Assimilation and Pluralism
Equalitarian Pluralism American Case Non-American Cases
Inequalitarian Pluralism Competitive Race Relations Internal Colonialism Annihilation or Expulsion
Types of Pluralism
Colonial Societies
Corporate Pluralistic
SocietiesAssimilationist
Societies
Typology of Multiethnic Societies
See Figure 4.1 and Table 4.2
Historical ContextManner of Entry and Racial StatusDevelopmentMexican-Americans
conquest/annexation voluntary immigration-economic push-pull
Puerto Ricans voluntary immigration- - economic push-pull and relative political ease
Cubans involuntary immigration-early political push voluntary immigration-economic push-pull
Demographics TodayPopulation-young, rapidly growing,
continuing migration and high birth rateGeographyMexican-Americans-Southwest and
dispersedPuerto Ricans-New York +Cubans-Miami, Florida +Others-the same major metropolitan
areas
Socioeconomic StatusIncome and WealthOccupationEducationSpecial Cuban Case-
institutional completeness
Outlook
Political PowerMexican-Americans
increasingly influential
Puerto Ricans limited extent
Cubans dominant force
Outlook
Demography TodayPopulation-13% of AmericaDiversity-involuntary and voluntary
immigrantsGeographical Patterns-urbanEconomic Status Occupation-5.2 unemployment vs 10.8 Education-89 vs 80 and 30 vs 17Class or Race?Societal Power Political Power-mixed and very local Economic Power-less than political
Prejudice and DiscriminationFormation of Ghettos-own preference or
discrimination?Residential Segregation-dominative vs aversive?Changes in Racial Attitudes-surveysStereotypes and Social Distance-racial liberalismAttitudes and Actions-ambivalence in actionContrasting Views of Socioeconomic Gap-own shortcomings or
discrimination? of Problems and Solutions-mopping up or deeply
rooted?
Assimilation or Pluralism
Assimilation Cultural-reciprocal Structural-secondary only Assimilation Model-very slow, unstable family? Assimilation and VisibilityInequalitarian Pluralistic Model -internal colonial model
Immigration and SettlementFirst WaveChineseJapaneseSecond WaveKoreansFilipinosVietnameseAsian IndiansOthersDemographics Today
In the Class SystemSocioeconomic StatusIncomeOccupationEducationEthnic and Class Factors in Upward MobilityPolitical Power
Prejudice and DiscriminationThe ‘Yellow Peril’Japanese InternmentIn the Modern Eravs other MinoritiesAs Model Minority
Historical Contextas immigrantsas a conquered indigenous populationdisplacement and depopulationAmerican policy:
economic-land cultural-assimilation political-control
Indian policy: tribal survival (maintenance of relations and distinct cultural orders) political autonomy
Native American DemographicsPopulation Growth Reservation Indians Urban Indians
Socioeconomic Status Economic Education Health
Canada vs US
The Evolution of the English-French Schism
The English ConquestConfederationThe New French-Canadian
NationalismThe Quiet RevolutionThe Rise of Parti QuebecoisSovereignty-AssociationLanguageFrench-Canadian Ethnic Identity
Canada’s Third Force
Visible Minorities
Aboriginal Peoples…and
Stability and Change
Melting Pot vs MosaicCanadian PluralismMulticulturalismLooking Beyond
Shifting Patterns of ImmigrationUneven DevelopmentPolitical ConflictChanges in Western Europe
The Resurgence of Ethnic Nationalism
Civic vs Ethnic NationalismBreakup of Yugoslovia Corporate Pluralism under Tito Dissolution of Yugoslav Federation Contemporary Conflict Ethnic Cleansing in Bosnia The End of Ethnic Harmony Kosovo and the Expansion of the Yugoslav
ConflictExploitation of Ethnicity
The Endurance of Ethnic Conflict Stimulants of Ethnic Conflict
Inequalities in Power and Wealth Cultural Differences Physical Distinctions Status Inequality
Containment of Ethnic Conflict