american imperialism
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American Imperialism. AP PARTS. From LEGACION DE ESPAÑA.,WASHINGTON, D.C. To His Excellency, Don José Canalejas (Spanish Foreign Minister) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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American Imperialism
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AP PARTS
From LEGACION DE ESPAÑA.,WASHINGTON, D.C. To His Excellency, Don José Canalejas (Spanish Foreign
Minister) The situation here remains the same. Everything depends on
the political and military outcome in Cuba... Until then, nothing can be clearly seen, and I regard it as a waste of time and progress, by a wrong road, to be sending emissaries to the rebel camp, or to negotiate with the autonomists who have as yet no legal standing, or to try to ascertain the intentions and plans of [the US] government...
Besides the ingrained and inevitable bluntness with which is repeated all that the press and public opinion in Spain have said about Weyler, it once more shows what McKinley is, weak and a bidder for the admiration of the crowd besides being a would-be politician who tries to leave a door open behind himself while keeping on good terms with the jingoes of his party....
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Stirrings of Imperialism
The New Manifest Destiny Attention to foreign lands, closing of the frontier Social Darwinism Admiral Alfred Thayer Mahan (1890) ‘Influence of Sea Power’
Foreign commerce, navy & colonies, Pacific bases Josiah Strong’s ‘Our Country; Its Possible Future & Present
Crisis WASP values of liberty & Christianity –duty to spread them
Controlling the Hemisphere Secretary of State James Blaine sought Latin American
markets for excess goods Organized Pan – American Congress
Leads to border dispute w/Venezuela in 1895
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Control of the Pacific: Hawaii US wants naval base at Hawaii After 1840, Americans & Europeans dominated political
& economic life Disease decimates 50% of native pop. SUGAR (major export); rise of plantations 1890, US eliminates sugar tariff US annexes Hawaii in Dec. 1898
Queen Liliuokalani protestsControl of the Pacific: Samoa
US presence since 1878, share w/ Germany & GB 1899 buys out GB & splits island w/Germany
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‘you furnish me the pictures, I’ll furnish the war’
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War with Spain: Causes
Cuba Controversy Civil war b/w native Cubans & Spanish since 1868 Spanish General ‘Butcher’ Weyler used concentration
camps against CubansYellow Journalism
Pultizer’s NY World & Hearst’s NY JournalDe Lome LetterSinking of the Maine
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“Splendid little war” –Sec. of State John Hay
Lasted from April to August 1898US military not prepared –supply issues, few
regular army, many soldiers had never fought in-large scale attack Racial conflicts w/ black soldiers
Seizing of Philippines Comm. George Dewey ordered by Sec. of Navy, T.
Roosevelt Captured Manila Bay after war declared
Becomes a war to strip Spain of its colonies
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Battle for Cuba & Control of the Caribbean
American forces land in JuneFight at Santiago, El Caney & Kettle Hill (San Juan Hill)
in July Rough Riders led by TR charge up San Juan Hill
US takes Puerto Rico & GuamRising anti-imperialist sentiment by Twain, Carnegie,
Gompers, Sen John ShermanArmistice w/Spain –Treaty of Paris of 1898
Cuban independence Ceded PR & Guam to US
Jones Act (1917) Puerto Ricans become US citizens Another source of sugar w/ no tariff
US buys Philippines for $20 mil 3 years guerilla war led by Emilio Aguinaldo Islands become dependent on US goods
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-Effects
Open Door Policy Gain concession/sphere of influence in China like other
Europeans had since the 1850sPhilippine occupation increased US interest in
Asian marketsSec. Hay proposed “open door notes” in 1898 to
European nations to allow free trade w/Chinese w/o no colonies or military
Development of modern professional military; officer training schools, role of Joint Chiefs of Staff
1899 Boxer Rebellion against foreigners US military rescue
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Republic as Empire
Panama Canal 1903 Panamanian Revolution TR sends forces ‘to maintain order’ Panama becomes independent & signs favorable treaty w/ US
“Speak softly and carry a big stick’ -TRRoosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine (1904)
US will oppose European intervention in our hemisphere US had a right to intervene in the western hemisphere to preserve
order & stability‘Dollar Diplomacy’ –Taft administration
US investment in lesser developed nations Criticized by some who felt the US should intervene, especially with
troops Honduras 1909; Nicaragua 1912
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Something Lacking. Uncle Sam: "Well, Sonny, What Is It?" Philippines: "Where Do I Come In On This?"
Now, Will You Be Good? Uncle Sam (to Filipino) — "See what I do for a good little boy?"
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Panama--A New Sister Republic. “The News Reaches Bogota," 1903
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Uncle Sam:‘I am out for commerce, not conquest
A Fair Field and No Favor
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TR Big Stick http://www.authentichistory.com/1898-1913/4-
imperialism/7-bigstick/index.html