american inside out_2

7/31/2019 American Inside Out_2

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American Inside Out Students book Advanced

Lesson 1 Identity

1 - ) Denzel Washington is the actor in the letter A picture=in picture A,

Marilyn Monroe was a factory worker back in 1926, on the letter B

picture. Penelope Cruz is the charming Spanish model at letter C and

President George W. Bush is the man at the letter D picture.

What do you know about these famous people? How did they influence

their world? What celebrities do you admire? Why? I never liked Sean

Penn, for example; but I truly admire what he`s doing in Haiti.

Correction:

Denzel Washington:

Denzel Washington is the actor in picture A. Hes an Afro-American

actor, very popular in blockbuster action movies, pretty often acting as

a police officer.

Hes very dramatic when acting. I do like action movies but I truly

prefer movies like Do the right thing by Spike Lee; it has a lot of

action as well, but it is also tries to spread a multi-cultural message;

not only killing the bad guys who are terrorizing the planet, like

Denzel Washington does in most of his major roles.

Marilyn Monroe:

I don t know a lot about Marilyn Monroe. I believe that all the

information regarding her sounds fabricated by the media. It seems

that she had an affair with an American president and that she is, of

course, girly and blonde (which is definitely not my type). I dont even

think shes pretty, I do prefer Brunettes. But I think she drove the

worlds attention anticipating the sixties women liberation

movement (May of 68 in France ), because of the clothes she used to


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wear (extremely different from the patterns expected from celebrities

or regular women at that time.

Penelope Cruz:

Penelope Cruz is the charming Spanish model in picture C, shes pretty

famous at Spain acting on Pedro Almodovars movies, as well as other

independent productions.

In USA, shes more famous because of her beauty and sex appeal. I

prefer when she speaks Spanish in the movies that she act. I do like

Almodovar.

Even though his movies are most based in his sexual traumas, I think

he found a good way to deal with that without having to go to the

shrink.

President George W. Bush

President George W. Bush is the man in picture D. I know that he was a

bad student at college, a big fan of baseball and son of George Bush,

who was also a president and owner of a big petroleum factory. Being a

president and owning private enterprises caused problems to both

presidents, which were accused by some democrats of favoring their

companies by using their political influence.

Regarding George Bush, the son, he also triggered a war for freedom

after the September 11 attacks no USA. The war took place in

Afghanistan and Iraq costing 1 trillion dollars to the U.S peoples

pockets. Before any criticism, I would like to reinforce that I truly think

that acting towards democracy in every country is important and that

the United Stated has to play a major role on that issue.

But my major concern is that sending young ones to a devastated

territory and also considering all the hungriness in the world, that large

amount of money spending does not sound the right thing to do,

considering the principles of a peaceful and cooperative planet.


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2- ) Check.

3- ) Work with a partner and discuss these questions:

a- What documents do you usually use to identify yourself?

Answer: I usually use a national I.D card, although sometimes I

may present my drivers license. Nowadays, the Brazilian

government ____decided that these documents need to be in a

light plastic wrap, so its not really a card, my conclusion is

these plastics are not good, they can tear up if you carry it on

your wallet.

I would rather like to have one decent I.D than be carrying two

plastic ones. Its embarrassing for example, when you go to an

embassy and present a messed up I.D.=For example, when you

go to an embassy, it`s embarrassing to present a torn, rabbit-

eared ID. If our decision as a country is to have I.Ds for

everyone, we should at least have something more presentable.

-Complete independent clauses are separated by semi-colons: ;

-Figures in photographs are contained within the borders of the

photo= in.

-be in= be enclosed in x be made of= the material used,

intrinsic substance of an object

-If I tear up a piece of paper (transitive=has an object), it

rips/tears into many smaller pieces (intransitive= no object)

-I would like to be on a sunny beach. OR I`d rather be on a

sunny beach.

b- Do you always carry ID? Is this required by law in your

country?


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Answer: Yes, I always carry ID. It is required by the Brazilian

police forces. I think this is some form of vestige/ from the

dictatorship eras, when police officers could arrest and

interrogate anyone without any form of explanation.

People always had to carry an I.D, just in case they were stopped

for suspicious acts against the law. And it wouldnt take too

much to be an outlaw during those times.

My mom always mentions that she had to share hidden books to

read some thinkers like Karl Marx or Michel Foucault, banished

from the libraries because of their inflamed writings against the

capitalist society, and so, against the dictatorship installed= in

power in Brazil.

What I find absolutely amazing is that they did not oversee

textbooks used in primary school, jr high or high school. When

you were kids, they were all Marxist social studies and history

texts!!

-Watch sentence length. Key ideas get lost in the middle of run

together clauses.

c- When are you usually asked to show your ID?

Answer: Im not usually asked to show my ID anywhere, unless

its election time and it is required by the law to show an ID to

vote. People very often have to show their IDs when they are

stopped by the police for speeding or during vehicle inspection

blitzes or they are too young to enter a PUB; Im out of that age

range.

d- What information does your ID give about you?


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Answer: My ID presents information about my name and my

parents name, as well as where and when I was born, my gender

and a number.

This number is used for basically everything in life, like

subscribing entering a selection process for public jobs

concourse, opening a bank account, requesting a passport, etc

e- Do you have any ID on you right now?

Answer: No, I do not have an ID with me right now. Its not

necessary because Im at home, which is considered to be a

private place by the constitution. You are only required to have it

with you when you are in a public place, and a police officer can

show up and ask it of you.

f- Do you like the picture? When was it taken?

Answer: I never looked at the picture since I do not care about

how I look in pictures/photos(use plural without any article (ie

the/a/an)for generalities.

It was taken when I had to require was required to get/had to

request? The ID no comma between object and time adverbials 2

or 3 years ago.

Born and Bred

1 Work in small groups and answer these questions:

a- ) Where is your hometown? Were you born there? If

yes, were your parents born there too?


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Answer: My hometown is So Jos dos Campos, I was born

there in 1981. My parents are not from the same place, they

were born in So Paulo. They married over omit there and

came here during the mid-seventies, after my father got a job

at the Brazilian National Space Research Institute or The

National Institute of Space Research

Compare: Look over there. Your keys are over there.

(Eye movement) Can you come over tomorrow? (Body

movement) We can go over your composition (eye

movement) vs. He worked there for three years. I

didnt understand this.

b- ) When someone asks you where youre from, what do

you say? If that person was a foreigner and obviously

didnt know your country very well, would your answer

be the same?

Answer: When someone asks me where Im from, I answer that

Im from my hometown, So Jos dos Campos. If the person is a

foreigner.

I say the same thing, but I do some geographical explanations

using key points such asThe city of So Paulo or Rio de Janeiro,

so the person can envision my answer better.

c- ) Which is most important to you in defining who you

are: your hometown, your country, your language,

your job, or something else? Why?

Answer: I believe its a combination of those things plus a lot

ofothers. The human being can arrange innumerous ways of

defining their psycho-social self. Personally, I would define

myself by sharing my principles and beliefs; which have been


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influenced by my country, friends, language, personal and

work experience, and university studies).

2- ) Listen to Steve, David and Valeria answering some

of the questions above. Take short notes on their

answers. Which questions did they answer?

Steve: He travelled around a lot, was born in Miami, so he is

American, his parents were born in Argentina, Mendoza. His

Dad is proud of being from Mendoza and also being an

American.

He said that language is the most important thing to describe

him, because Miami has two languages.

His attitude is very important to him as well.

David: David is from North America, but hes from Canada,

sometimes he says that he is from Montreal, where he was

born and raised. He said that not being considered American

just from being from Canada is not nice.

He thinks that the language you speak defines who you are.

He speaks French and misses speaking French sometimes.

His mother loves to speak both languages.

At Montreal, youre surrounded by two languages.

Valeria: She said that hometown and her job is very

important for her. Her family has lived in the same house for

five generations, with high ceilings, and she loves the house,

the farm, the land and everything nearby.

She likes being a doctor, and everybody in her generation is a

doctor; shes the first woman to be a doctor in her family.

Shes happy with her choice, and loves medicine; its an old

tradition; its a respected profession and shes really proud.


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a -) Which person in 2 do you identify most closely

with? Why?

I identify most closely with David. I have also lived in Montreal

for one year when I was a kid; so I can say that I was kind of

raised there for a little, as well. I also think that__ is

disrespectful with Canada and other American countries when

they are not considered or acknowledged as being American

as well as anyone who came down on a ship to the lands of

the new world in the last five centuries...=grammatical

orphan

I didnt understand these corrections above.

b-) Were any of their answers similar to the ones your

group gave in 1?

I think that when Steve mentions attitude, I was identified

with him as well as when David mentioned all the stuff about

Canada and the American feeling. I didnt feel close to

Valeria, even though she mentioned that family is important

for her, as it is important for me.

Close-Up

Types of adverbials

1 - Look at the sentences below. Underline all the

adverbials.

a-) I always stress the fact that Im Canadian and not

American.


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b-) I live in northern New Jersey.

c-) Ive lived there since I left home.

d-) I went there to study medicine.

e-) I really like living there.

2-)

a-)After thirty-five years of living there, hesjust become

an American citizen and hes really proud of that.

b-) Sometimes When Im travelling, people just assume

that Im American, or maybe theyre just using the word

American to mean North American.

c-) I guess in other parts of Canada its possible to stick to

just one language.

d-) Ive actually lived here all my life, and so has my family.

My family has lived in the same house for five generations.

e-)I really like the idea that Im the fourth generation of

doctors in the family and that a woman can carry on what

was basicallyuntil very recently a male family tradition.

3-) Listen and check.

4-) Look at the adverbials that were removed in 2. Put

them into the categories below: (Sounds right mode: on)

A ) Describes how often something happens

- Sometimes, all my life.

B ) Intensifies an adjective

- Really

C ) Emphasizes the verb

- Just

D ) Describes where the action happens

- In other parts of Canada.


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E ) Describes when the action happens

- When Im travelling.

F ) Indicated how long an action continued for

- For Five generations

G ) Comments on the noun phrase

- Until very recently.

Position of adverbials

1 Look at the sentences below. Where would you

normally place the adverb always in each of them?

We always define ourselves according to our place of birth.

We have always defined ourselves according to our place of

birth.

We would ____ have always defined ourselves according to our

place of birth.

We wouldnt ______ have defined ourselves always according to

our place of birth.

2 Look at this sentence again and answer the questions.

1 We 2 define 3 ourselves 4 according to our place of birth 5.

a-) In which position, 1-5, would you normally add each of these

adverbials to this sentence?

When we are children - 1

Often - 2

If we live there ?5


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To some extent - 4

On the whole - ?1

Probably- ?2

b-) Which adverbials would you not use in position 2 ?

- ?adverbials of place, time

c-) In which position can you never add an adverbial? 5

3(between verb and object)

3 Modify the model sentence in 2 to fit your own opinion

as closely as possible.

We sometimes define ourselves according to our place of birth.

4 Look at these pairs of sentences. The adverbials in

italics are in different positions. How does this change

the meaning of the sentence?

1A OnlyKate knows how to look after horses

1B Kate onlyknows how to look after horses

In letter A, Kate is the only person who is able to muster horses.

In letter B, the meaning is that Kate doesn t know how to do

anything else but look after horses.

2A Honestly, I cant speak to her anymore

2B I cant speak to her honestlyanymore

In letter A, the person is being frank and sincere; its impossible

for him/her to talk to her anymore.

In letter B, the person cant be honest any longer. It seems like

the conversations wouldnt be based on sincerity.


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3A Earlier, I had wanted Rich to come to the meeting

3B I had wanted Rich to come to the meeting earlier.

In letter A, it seems like the person changed his mind, wanting

Rich to come to the meeting earlier, but then something

happened and thats no longer necessary.

In letter B, the person seems disappointed, because Rich was

supposed to get to the meeting earlier.

I am who I am

1 Which do you identify most strongly with: your job, your

hometown, or your family? You are going to describe the

importance of one of these three things to a partner. Choose

which one you are going to describe and read the questions

below. Think about what you are going to say and the language

you will use.

Your job

What do you do?

I am a social sciences teacher.

How long have you done it for?

I have 5 years of experience as a teacher, and 1 year as an

assistant teacher.

Did you need to study a lot for it?


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Yes, I had to take a very difficult undergraduate course, in which

I read dozens of books and participated in innumerous lectures.

My second home was the library during college and nowadays I

still dedicate a lot of my time to reading and expanding my

knowledge with intellectual debates with friends and teachers.

Have you always wanted to do this job?

I cant say that. I always wanted to be a musician; but in my

country__ that does not guarantee you a steady income. But I

discovered that being a teacher is not so far away from being an

artist; if you perceive your students well and engage them into

omit cultural studies, you will challenge alienated minds

(including your own). To challenge patterns and debate them has

been the project of great musicians; so I feel blessed by having

music as a hobby and teaching as a career.

Does anybody else in your family do the same job?

Not right now. My mother was a teacher as well as my father.

Right now my mom is working as a freelancer and my father is

working at Vale do Rio Doce as an engineer.

What do you enjoy most about your job?

The thing I most enjoy is the sense of being part of a community,

trying to make my city and the children and adolescents better

persons and having critical perception(this grammatically refers


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to you trying and having) of their own lives as well as the rules

of our society.

They are the future of this planet, and being part of their lives is

thrilling. They look to me as somebody who can guide them and I

look to them as young apprentices who can also teach me great

things as well, its a fair change of knowledge and life

experiences.

Is there anything you dont enjoy?

I have to admit that sometimes theres a lot of preparation, tests

and activities to correct. A lot of debates about hot issues such

as the death penalty or euthanasia are difficult to manage

sometimes. It is necessary to be very patient and connected to

the schools coordinators/administration in order to be ready and

motivated to perform in a high level.

If a teacher is only motivated by their personal motivations, he

or she might me disconnected with the school curriculum, but if

hes the obedient sheep, he will never be able to apply his true

feelings about why he is a teacher.

In my experience as a teacher, I witnessed a lot of different

teacher cases. Some of them do not have the perception that

the intellectual studies are connected to their practical life.

It is a common thing to have extended debates about social

interactionism with the pedagogical coordination, and 1 or 2

weeks later some teacher is caught screaming and crying inside

the classroom.

The origin of these problems, in my opinion, is the lack of

preparation by teachers in college. Its impossible to teach them


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everything while they have to teach, correct tests, pay the rent

and manage to stay alive in the competitive market.

Our licenciatura courses in college are very poor, but at least

what I heard from different academic teachers is that there is a

project to rebuild that, in every public university in Brazil.

If we take the examples of rich countries around the world, they

have always based their investments in education. Brazil is lucky

to have natural resources and hard-willing people. With a better

education system, I have high hopes on Brazil be leading the

world in a couple centuries.

Do you think you will continue in the same job for the

rest of your working life?

I will always have the passion and will to teach. I am not sure if I

will be always teaching to children and teenagers; perhaps I will

be glad to debate with adults one day. Or even work (??) as an

education manager for the cultural department of a city or state.

Is there anything else youd like to add?

No, I think that I have said enough.

Corrections done on 05/29 08:30-09:30(Always in blue).

Maintained suggestions in red for further analysis.

Complementary exercises proposed by teacher

(Transitive and Intransitive verbs)1

The Difference Between Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

1http://www.testmagic.com/knowledge_base/toefl/exercises/grammar/transitive_intra

nsitive/intro_01.htm
http://www.testmagic.com/knowledge_base/toefl/exercises/grammar/transitive_intransitive/intro_01.htmhttp://www.testmagic.com/knowledge_base/toefl/exercises/grammar/transitive_intransitive/intro_01.htmhttp://www.testmagic.com/knowledge_base/toefl/exercises/grammar/transitive_intransitive/intro_01.htmhttp://www.testmagic.com/knowledge_base/toefl/exercises/grammar/transitive_intransitive/intro_01.htm


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My sister broke the window.

My father cried.

Can you figure out the difference between the verbs(broke, cried) in the above sentences? Im not talkingabout the meaning, Im talking about the grammar. In otherwords, how are these two verbs grammaticallydifferent?

We should notice that the first verb, broke, has anotherword after it. The second verb, cried, does not haveanother word after it. Generally speaking, we can say thatall verbs in English can be divided into two groupsthosethat must have a word (or words) after them and words thatdo not have to have any word after them.

This rule is simplified right now, but we will learn more later.For now, lets just focus on the simple ideas.

Lets look at the two different kinds of verbs.

Transitive Verbs

My sister broke the window.

In the first sentence, the word that comes after the verb,window is the object of the verb. We say that window is the

object because it receives the action of the verb. Allobjects of verbs receive the action of the verb.

Here are some more examples of transitive verbs with theirobjects:

o I sold some books.o I tookthe bus.o I bought a radio.o I understood her question.o I wrote a letter.

When a verb has an object that receives the action of theverb, we say that the verb is transitive. Transitive verbsare more common on the TOEFL than intransitive verbs, butmany students get confused about intransitive verbs.

Lets look at the other kind of verb now.

Intransitive Verbs

My father cried.

We can see in this sentence that there is no word


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after cried. In other words, there is no object for the word,so there is no noun to receive the action of the word. Thinkabout itwhat could we say? My father cried something. Isthere a noun that we could use after cried? We could

probably think of one or two nouns, like tears, oreven, good-bye, but normally, we do not use the verb crywith an object.

In this case we say that this verb is intransitive because itdoes not have an object after it.

Here are some more examples of intransitive verbs:

o I slept.o I coughed.o The glass fell.o My cat ran.o The sun rose.

We should notice that in each case, the subject is doing theaction of the verb and nothing receives the action.

Common Test Prep Points

It is extremelyimportant to be able to understand whethera verb is transitive or intransitive.

For many verbs in class, if your teacher thinks that the verbis hard to understand, we will ask something like this:

T: Do we cryor do we crysomething?

Then, the student should respond something like this:

S: Just cry.

In this case, we would say that cryis intransitive.

BE CAREFUL!!

One reason that understanding this point is so important isthat it is very easy to become confused about whether averb is transitive or intransitive. Consider the followingexample:

I went to the store yesterday.

Is went transitive or intransitive?

Many people, including native speakers, will tell you thatwent is transitive since we have many words after went.


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However:

To say that wentis transitive would be a BIG mistake!!

So, what are all those other words after went? Well, first ofall, to the store is a prepositional phrase. Second, yesterdayis an adverb.

One more thing: just to make life easier, instead ofsaying transitive and intransitive all the time, we willsay vi (since thats what most dictionaries say) if the verb isintransitive and VT(again, since thats what mostdictionaries say) if the verb is transitive.

Trust Test Magic: This is extremely important!! We will dosome exercises on this point a little bit later.

Summary of Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

There are some important exceptions to these rules and wewill talk about them later. However, for now, we haveenough information to do some practice.

Practice Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

This exercise is relatively simplejust decide whether theverb is transitive or intransitive. In this case, write the

answer choice that is more common. Finally, you will noticethat several words have been repeated. This is because Iwant you to remember these words since they are the mostcommon on the TOEFL and they cause the most problemsfor students.

# VI or VT Verb.

1. VI run

2. VI live

3. VT throw

4. VT sell

5. VT eat

6. VT result

7. VI evolve

8. VT research


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9. VI happen

10. VT feed

11. VI exist

12. VI result

13. VT follow

14. VT make

15. ? take place

16. VI occur

17. VI exist

18. VT happen

19. VT dwell

20. VI evolve

21. VI result

22. VT send

23. VT invent

24. VI fly

25. VT find

Page 7: I am who I am continuation

Your hometown.

Do you still live there? If yes, do you think you will ever

leave? If not, would you like to go back there to live

sometime?


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Answer: Yes, I live in my hometown, although I had

bounced around through many cities; outside of Brazil I

have lived in Montreal and New York, in Brazil I had the

experience of living in Araraquara and the city of So

Paulo.

I dont think I will be living here for the rest of my life. I

came to the conclusion that I prefer cozy; small; even rural

cities with a small population; less traffic and a larger

sense of friendship within neighbors.

When I do get very old, I would like to buy back the house

that I lived during my childish and teenager years. I have

such good memories of those times and it makes me sad

to see that place transformed into a personal security

company.

How long have you lived there/did you live there?

Answer: I have lived in So Jos from 3 years old to 18

and then from 24 to 27, and now from 29 to present. I

would guess the total is about 20 years.

Has your family lived there for generations, or do your

parents come from somewhere else?

Answer: My parents came from So Paulo. My fathers

parents came from Ukraine, after the Second World War.

They could raise eight children in Brazil, even though my

grandfather was a stonemason.

My father could escape from poverty and the dangers of

So Paulo by studying acoustic guitar, going to the church

and spending most of his time in the library.

My mom also came from So Paulo and their parents are

from Brazil, probably Portuguese descendants, nobody


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ever answered this very clearly to me. They had also a lot

of difficulties, my grandfather Silvestre was a nurse as well

as my grandmother and also raised 7 children.

Whats your favorite place in the town? Why?

Answer: My favorite place in So Jos dos Campos is my

room. It has everything I love the most, my cds, my

drums, my computer and all my books.

I dont have a lot of connection with sights in So Jos dos

Campos, I do miss my schools like Monteiro Lobato or

Instituto So Jos and if that can be considered a place,

that would be my answer.

These schools remind me of a magical period; where hope,

bravery and friendship were values that me and my friends

used to value the most, and by different codes and

passage rituals, we made it last until our present days.

At what time of year is the town at its best? And its worst?

Answer: In my personal opinion, the best weather is its

cold or freezing. I love the winter. The worst period is at

the beginning of the year, when the sun makes you sweat

all the time and the air conditioning has to be on full time.

Is it famous for anything? Do tourists come to visit it?

Answer: So Jos dos Campos is very famous for its

industries and multinationals, installed over the Dutra

highway, surrounding the whole city.

The city is also famous for one of the biggest airplane

companies of the world, named Embraer. We cant forget

about the Brazilian National Space Research Institute,


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respected all over the world for its researches and already

launched satellites.

I dont see this city as a touristic place, but more as a

business city, attracting people with a lot of knowledge,

money and desire to build houses, apartments, stores,

malls, schools, restaurants and goods.

Your family.

Do you come from a big family?

Answer: I dont know how to answer this properly.

How many brothers and sisters do you have?

Answer: I have one brother, hes 20 years old and studies

geography at USP, a famous university in So Paulo. I also

have an older sister; which is 33 years old; shes a

business administrator and works for a consultant company

in So Paulo.

Do you have any children?

Answer: No, I dont. But I do have plans regarding that

subject.

Who do you get along with best of all?

Answer: It would be unfair with everyone to answer that. Ilove everyone in my family. I have more contact with my

Mom and Dad because I live with them right now.

But theres no doubt in my mind that I would give them my

heart, literally, if necessary, for them to live.

Is there anyone in your family you dont get along with?

Answer: No. I believe that every possible difference canbe surpassed with love and caring. Im not saying that I am


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Mr. Perfect, since they have supported so many mistakes

and bad decisions that I took.

So, I see my family fair-trading their qualities and failures,

as it has been going on with families since mankind

existed.

What kind of things do you do together?

Answer: We Go out for dinner, travel together, but most

of all we enjoy talking and having coffee. We love to

express our thoughts. So, there are hours and hours of

conversation and debates, which is very amusing for

everyone.

How much time do you spend together?

Answer: I cant measure that. One hour per day with my

Mom and Dad. With my brothers is way less, because they

live in the city of So Paulo.

Do you prefer spending time with your family or with your

friends?

Answer: My friends are also part of my family and they

are respected by my parents. So, in my mind, theres no

difference between my brother and a great friend.

I am truly connected with my friends. I have been through

a lot of struggles in life and they have always supported

my difficulties as well as I was there for them when

necessary.

Do you go on vacation with your family?


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Answer: Sometimes, its not easy to match everyones

schedule.

Is there anything else youd like to add?Answer: No, I think thats enough.

american inside out_2

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