american literature 1600 to 1900 english. originally referred to as separatists lived in england...
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American Literature1600 to 1900
English
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Originally referred to as Separatists Lived in England and became disillusioned with
the Catholic Church and Anglican Church Most modern histories began referring them to as
Pilgrims. In England they were jailed and persecuted for not
following the teachings of the Anglican Church. Left England to find the religious freedom arriving
in New England in November 1620
PuritanismWho are the Puritans, Separatists, Pilgrims?
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They were God’s chosen people God favored the industrious and hard working Viewed nature as harsh and evil and needing
to be tamed. God would crush those who defied Him. Humans are essentially evil and few were
chosen to be “saved’ by God God watched over the earth and exerted His
will as he saw fit.
Puritan Beliefs
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Boys and Girls should have an education Colonies were well planned and organized Not afraid of working hard and getting dirty. Established the first public school: Boston
Latin School Established the first continent’s college:
Harvard University.
Positive Qualities of the Pilgrims
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Series of strict rules and laws. Intolerant of any ideas or views that differed
from their religious teachings If you missed church, as a you were
punished criminal All forms of play and recreation were
forbidden.
Negative Qualities of Pilgrims
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John Calvin Expected his followers to devote themselves fully to
the worship of God and nothing else. According to Calvin, God had already determined if
you were going to heaven or down under even before you die.
Calvin was outraged at the belief that if people were “good” that they could “earn” their way to heaven
If you have been chosen by God, it was obvious by the way you lived your life.
Leaders of the Religious Revolution
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Born in England Immigrated to Holland to escape persecution for not
worshipping in government run Anglican Church. Joined a group of Puritans on trip to the New World to
help create their own version of an ideal society Bradford was the most important leader of Plymouth
Colony Bradford wrote the first piece of American Literature:
History of the Plymouth Plantation. It is the account of the voyage of the Mayflower and the first few years of Plymouth colony.
William Bradford1590-1657
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Use of reason rather than authority of the past
There is logic in reasoning and a set of truths that are to be followed.
God is an inactive creator who lets the universe run on its own.
Rationalism/Age of Reason
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Deeply intuitive, youthful and loved nature Celebrated nature over civilization Main philosophy: “ Be not like dumb, driven
cattle!” “Be an individual rather than one of the
crowds”
Romanticism Writers
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Accurately portray real life without filtering with romantic notions.
Writers wrote about ordinary people and everyday events.
Rejects imagination in favor of telling it like it is!!
Realism
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Born in Florida, Missouri November 30,1835 and moved to Hannibal in 1839
He was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens Twain had a very exciting life growing up and
as an adult. His life was filled with many adventures and
jobs.Steamboat pilotGold minerNewspaper reporter
Mark Twain 1835-1910
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Mark Twain was America’s greatest Storyteller. His best stories are based on his own boyhood
growing up along the Mississippi River. His famous works are The Adventures of Tom
Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Twain’s stories were funny, however his
writing also addressed serious issues of the time:
RacismGreed Injustice
Mark Twain
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Mark Twain
Mark Twain traveled the world performing his stories as a One Man Show.
Twain wrote about his experiences as a boy. Twain was the most famous and successful author of
his time. His humor touched on serious issues. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Twain uses his
humor to point out the wrongs of racism.