american slavery in 19 th century unit 2. 1.what is the subject of this image? 2.what title would...
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![Page 1: American Slavery in 19 th Century UNIT 2. 1.What is the subject of this image? 2.What title would you give this drawing? 3.Compare this image with what](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf861a28abf838c884f8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
American Slavery in 19th CenturyUNIT 2
![Page 2: American Slavery in 19 th Century UNIT 2. 1.What is the subject of this image? 2.What title would you give this drawing? 3.Compare this image with what](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf861a28abf838c884f8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
1. What is the subject of this image?
2. What title would you give this drawing?
3. Compare this image with what you know of the time period.
Warm Up
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Two AmericasNORTHERN STATES
◦Industry (manufactured goods) & staple crops (food) production
◦By 1820’s most of the northern states had abolished slavery
◦MA, CT, NH,VT, RI, Maine, Michigan, PA, OH, IN, IL, NJ,NY
SOUTHERN STATES◦ Cash crop (non-food) production◦ Cotton gin [engine], Eli Whitney
◦ Makes ‘cleaning’ cotton fiber 50 times faster than by hand
◦ Short staple cotton become highly profitable
◦ if slave labor is used◦ MD, VA, NC, KY, SC, GA, FL, AL,
MS, Arkansas, Missouri, Louisiana
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American Economy 1790 - 1860INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
By early 1800s, Northern factories can mass produce cotton goods◦ Spinning jenny, mechanical looms (flying shuttle)◦ Cotton cloth is more utilitarian than wool◦ Demand for cotton rises
Cotton can be grown across the south◦ Planters move west –new states added
By 1860, 75% of the world’s cotton grown in the American South
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Analyze
What is the relationship between cotton production and slave labor?
Cotton = Slavery
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The New Slave Trade Slavery is key to the South’s economic success AND North’s textile industry Even after 1808 Constitutional ban on importation of slaves
◦Some smuggling of slave cargoes continued Rise of domestic slave trade
◦Sale & transportation of slaves -upper Southeast where cotton wasn’t produced to lower South and Western cotton plantations◦VA/KY/MD slave owners sell slaves instead of cash crops
◦Kidnapping of free blacks in the North & South increased◦New slave markets emerge in Baltimore and Washington, DC
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Social Hierarchy of the Deep South
o¼ of southern whites owned slavesoMost owners had 5 slaves of lessoWealthy planters owned 20% of slavesoControlled state & national politicsoSuppressed abolitionist laws & speecho“Gag Rule” 1836 – 1844, prevented Congress from discussing abolition laws
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Slave Life in the Deep SouthSmall farms: slaves did multiple jobsPlantations:Field hands -12 hrs +/6 days workMen, women, children over 10House servants –less demanding manual labor, but
had to be available 24/7Religion –key factor in slave cultureSlave preachers keep hope aliveSpirituals –express religious faith/work
songs/communicationMarriage encouragedPrevent rebellion & escapeChildren meant $ to owners
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Close Based on today’s lesson, what do you think South Carolina Senator James Henry Hammond meant by this statement?
“Cotton is king!”