amics - automated identification and quantification of ... · thin section: ferrodiorite. 32. thin...
TRANSCRIPT
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AMICS - automated identification &quantification of minerals and synthetic phases.
Bruker Nano Analytics, Berlin, GermanyWebinar, December 15, 2016
Innovation with Integrity
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Gerda Gloy
Application Specialist, Natural ResourcesBruker Pty Ltd, Brisbane, Australia
Max Patzschke
Application Scientist, EDSBruker Nano Analytics, Berlin, Germany
Presenters
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Samuel Scheller
Sr. Product Manager, Micro-XRF & Automated Mineralogy Bruker Nano Analytics, Berlin, Germany
Presenters cont‘d
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Overview
• Introduction to Automated Mineralogy
• AMICS for QUANTAX – EDS on SEM
• Application Examples
• Summary
• AMICS for M4 TORNADO – Micro-XRF
• Comparison to EDS and Application Examples
• Summary
• Demonstration
• Conclusion
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Introduction to Automated Mineralogy
Automated MineralogyTraditionally, automated mineralogy has been based on an automated system comprised of electron beam imaging (SEM or µ-probe) and energy or wavelength dispersive spectrometry. Powerful classification and processing software is vital. There are numerous new methods coming onto the market, including infrared and micro-X-ray-fluorescence spectrometry
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It is a technology or method of performing high speed, autonomous image and spectral analysis of rocks and minerals and providing information on mineralogy and spatial distribution of the mineral phases.
Technology Base
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AMICS for QUANTAX – EDS on SEM
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AMICS for QUANTAX EDSWhat makes up an AMICS system
AMICS
• Controls the EDS system
• Can control the SEM directly
• Acquires images and EDS spectra for analysis
The QUANTAX EDS system
• Controls the SEM stage, focus, HT, brightness and contrast..
• Delivers electron (BSE) image
• Delivers EDS spectra
The SEM
• Delivers electron beam & image
• Provides stage interface7
SEMInterface
EDSSystem
AMICSApplication
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AMICS for QUANTAX EDSHow does AMICS work
AMICS - easy to configure measurement area by definable sample block holders
And can perform the following
• Particle
• Mapping
• BSE Image acquisition
• Standards acquisition
• Bright Phase Search
Controls SEM settings, moves stage to each position and acquires images through the QUANTAX system.
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AMICS for QUANTAX EDSHow does AMICS work
AMICS is easy to configure measurement area by definable sample block holders
And can perform the following
• Particle
• Mapping
• BSE Image acquisition
• Standards acquisition
• Bright Phase Search
Controls SEM settings, moves stage to each position and acquires images through the QUANTAX system.
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Sample Holder Area Frame (BSE Image)
MeasurementArea
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AMICS for QUANTAX EDSHow does AMICS work
AMICS will allow setting background thresholds and will create a mask for the particles.
When combined with mapping, particle can be mapped, e.g. with a step size of 5 µm.
In particle mode, computer vision techniques allow grey level variation and segment size to be adjusted to segment particles. Each segment (above a set size) will be analyzed by a single X-ray spot
X-ray spectra acquisition is via the QUANTAX system.
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BackgroundMask
BSE
Seg
men
tatio
n
Map
pin
Grid
Paricl
eM
ode
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AMICS for QUANTAX EDSHow does AMICS work
Mineral identification:
For each point or segment a spectrum is acquired, analyzed and classified live – using the specified species list.
A live distribution of minerals can be seen during measurement.
All the data is saved progressively and modal data by area and wt % and segments measured is updated after each completed frame.
Processing and reclassification of data is done post measurement in order to create images, charts and tables for reports.
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Mineral Classified
X-ray analysisfor each segement
Mineral identificationand
classification
Reporting
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Application Examples
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Particle Segementation ExampleDifferentiate Quartz, Albite, K-Feldsparand Muscovite
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BSE image of the sample showing little contrast
Particle segmentation image showing the result of segmentation of fine variationsin BSE intensity
Resulting mineral map showing Quartz, Albite, K-feldspar and Muscovite after Particle mode analysis
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Particle Segementation ExampleDifferentate Chalcopyrite, Pentlandite and Quartz
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BSE image Segmented image Resulting mineral map showing Chalcopyrite, Pentlandite and Quartz in Particle mode
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Particle Segementation ExampleDifferentate of Quartz, Albite, K-Feldsparand Pyrrhotite
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Particle Segementation ExampleCalcite / Diopside
Mirror View of Sample
• In this wollastonite sample calcite and diopside is well differentiated despite their similar BSE signal
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Particle Segementation ExampleCalcite / Diopside
Mirror View of Sample
• In this wollastonite sample calcite and diopside is well differentiated despite their similar BSE signal
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Particle Segementation ExampleCalcite / Diopside
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Granite SampleMethods of sample investigation and reporting
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Granite SampleMethods of sample investigation and reporting
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Granite SampleMethods of sample investigation and reporting
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Granite SampleMethods of sample investigation and reporting
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Granite SampleMethods of sample investigation and reporting
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Granite SampleMethods of sample investigation and reporting
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Granite SampleMethods of sample investigation and reporting
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Granite SampleMethods of sample investigation and reporting
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Granite SampleMethods of sample investigation and reporting
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Granite SampleMethods of sample investigation and reporting
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Granite SampleMethods of sample investigation and reporting
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Granite SampleMethods of sample investigation and reporting
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Thin section: Ferrodiorite
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Thin section: Ferrodiorite
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Thin section: Ferrodiorite
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Thin section: Ferrodiorite
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Sulfide sample
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Measurement all phases and minerals: 30min
Image resolution 1.6 µm/pixel~7000 particles
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Sulfide sample
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Measurement all phases and minerals: 30min
Image resolution 1.6 µm/pixel~7000 particles
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Sulfide sample
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Measurement all phases and minerals: 30min
Image resolution 1.6 µm/pixel~7000 particles
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Sulfide sample
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-Particle Grid Display (Sulphides) for visualinspection of data-Particles for each liberation class (0%-10%, 10%-20%, 20%-30% etc.
Mineral Liberation ExampleParticle Display
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Data in tabular format or graph format
As can be seen, 100% liberated class contain 240 particles, and make up 75.8 % of all of the Sulphide bearing particles.
Mineral Liberation ExampleTables and Charts
Classes 0% 0% < x <= 10% 10% < x <= 20% 20% < x <= 30% 30% < x <= 40% 40% < x <= 50% 50% < x <= 60% 60% < x <= 70% 70% < x <= 80% 80% < x <= 90% 90% < x < 100% 100%Particle Count 2988 47 8 8 3 5 6 6 6 6 33 240Sulphide Distribution 0 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.9 1.2 1.8 1.8 2.5 13.9 75.8Sulphide Accumulation 0 100.0 99.5 99.2 98.4 98.1 97.1 95.9 94.1 92.2 89.8 75.8
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Modal data for each liberation class gives an indication of the phases associated with the phase of interest
Classes 30% < x <= 40%Sulphide 35.2Arsenopyite 0.4Quartz 31.1Alkali Feldspar 2.2Calcite-Mn 2.2Illite 23.5Muscovite/Sericite 1.9Other Clay 0.4Clinochlore 0.2Ti-oxide 1.1Mn-oxide 0.3Other 1.6
Mineral Liberation ExampleTables and Charts
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Sulfide sample: Bright Phase Search
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Measurement for only bright phases shortens measurement time to 14min
Image resolution 0.7 µm/pixel25 fields
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Sulfide sample: Bright Phase Search
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Measurement for only bright phases shortens measurement time to 14min
Image resolution 0.7 µm/pixel25 fields
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Sulfide sample: Bright Phase Search
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Measurement for only bright phases shortens measurement time to 14min
Image resolution 0.7 µm/pixel25 fields
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Sulfide sample bright phases
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• Minerals with similar BSE intensities such as Chalcopyrite-Pentlandite can be effectively distinguished with AMICS’s unique advanced segmentation
• Likewise, silicate minerals often have very similar BSE intensities but phases such as Quartz, Albite and different Plagioclase minerals can be reliable differentiated with AMICS’s advanced segmentation technology.
• A number of predefined calculations are available that can be displayed in tabular or chart formats
• The software is intuitaive and easy to use
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AMICS for QUANTAX EDSSummary
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AMICS for M4 TORNADO – Micro-XRF
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Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRFBrief Introduction to Micro-XRF
Differences in excitation and LOD:
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Info
rmat
ion
dept
h (µ
m) Fluorescence energy (keV)
1.E-04
1.E-03
1.E-02
1.E-01
1.E+00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Dete
ctio
n lim
it in
[wt%
]
Element [Z]
Estimated detection limit X-ray exitation
Electron exitation
K L
Fe = 26 Rh = 45 Pb = 82
K L M
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0 10 20 30 40
Thickness
Inte
nsity
rel
EmissionAbsorption
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Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRFBrief Introduction to Micro-XRF
X-Ray spatial resolution by optic Analysis types
4949
Sample
Collimator0.1-1.0mm
Monocapillary25-100um
Polycapillary25-100um
X-Ray Source
Single Point Analysis Multi Point Analysis
Large Area AnalysisDistribution Analysis
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• Large, vacuum chamber, pump down < 2 min, allowing detection to Na
• Fast 100 mm/s stage for “on-the-fly” distribution analysis with 20 x 16 cm range and 4 µm resolution
• Dual mag optical microscopes for sample view and positioning
• < 20 µm spot size at Mo Kα and high excitation intensity with capillary optic
• Dual SDD in 30 or 60 mm² with < 145 eV @ Mn Kα
• Hypermap 4D data storage
• Little or no sample preparation
Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRFThe µXRF Instrument – M4 TORNADOAMICS
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Comparison of AMCIS on Micro-XRF to EDS on SEM
Application Examples
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Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRFFine alteration textures and intergrowths of Cu/Au Porphyry
µ-XRF + AMICS
M4 TORANDO
SEM/EDS + AMICS
HHT S3500 / XFlash® 6|10
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Step Size: 100 µmTime: 1h28m (single detector)
Step Size: 100 µmTime: 1h15m (single detector)
Modal by Wt%
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M4 TORNADOAMICS SEM/EDS + AMICS
Hitachi S3500 / XFlash® 6|10
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Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRFQuartz, albite & pyrite with little alteration
Step Size: 100 µmTime: 1h26m (single detector)
Step Size: 100 µmTime: 1h4m (single detector)
Modal by Wt%
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Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRFCarbonatite with REE
M4 TORNADOAMICS SEM/EDS + AMICS
Hitachi S3500 / XFlash® 6|10
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Step Size: 100 µmTime: 2h17m (single detector)
Image resolution: 2.5µmTime: 19h21m (single detector)
Modal by Wt%
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Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRFQEMSCAN vs. M4 TORANDO: Exotic Cu
QEMSCAN
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M4 TORNADOAMCIS
BackgroundCu-SulphidesCu-OxidesCu-HalidesCu-CarbonatesCu-SulphatesCu-PhosphatesCu-SilicatesCu-Mn PitchCu-WadCu-Mn WadSilicates+CuFe-Oxides+CuCu-OtherFe-OxidesCalciteApatiteOthers
e a a e
Step Size: 20 µmTime: ~3,5h (dual detectors)
Step Size: 10 µm / 5 µmTime: 4h45m / 1h6m (4 detectors)
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Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRFQEMSCAN vs. M4 TORANDO: Exotic Cu
QEMSCAN
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M4 TORNADOAMCIS
BackgroundCu-SulphidesCu-OxidesCu-HalidesCu-CarbonatesCu-SulphatesCu-PhosphatesCu-SilicatesCu-Mn PitchCu-WadCu-Mn WadSilicates+CuFe-Oxides+CuCu-OtherFe-OxidesCalciteApatiteOthers
Step Size: 20 µmTime: ~3,5h (dual detectors)
Step Size: 10 µm / 5 µmTime: 4h45m / 1h6m (4 detectors)
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Area: 1.1 cm x 11.8 cm
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10 cm
2 cm
1 cm2.5 mm
Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRFPyroxenite Drill Core
Step Size: 50 µmTime: 13h20m (dual detectors)
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Step Size: 100 µmTime: 11h35m (single detector)
Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRF Gold Deposit, Australia
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Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRF Copper Deposit Champion Mine, MI, US
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Area: 14.5 cm x 10.1 cm
Step Size: 100 µmTime: 2 days 21h (dual detectors)
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Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRF Copper Deposit Champion Mine, MI, US
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Area: 14.5 cm x 10.1 cm
Step Size: 100 µmTime: 2 days 21h (dual detectors)
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Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRF Copper Deposit Champion Mine, MI, US
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Area: 14.5 cm x 10.1 cm
Step Size: 100 µmTime: 2 days 21h (dual detectors)
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Advanced Mineralogy by Micro-XRF Copper Deposit Champion Mine, MI, US
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• Can produce comparable results to SEM-EDS, MLA and QEMSCAN down to micron size scale
• Great tool for capturing the texture of an uncrushed sample (ore body development) not possible with SEM (on such large samples)
• Helps to make more informed decisions in selecting samples for time-consuming SEM-EDS analysis
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AMICS for M4 TORNADOSummary
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Demonstration
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Conclusion
AMICS
• Provides new powerful tools for automated mineralogy
• With SEM-EDS can provide detail analysis and mineral liberation information
• The world’s first mineral analyzer based on Micro-XRF- M4 TORNADOAMICS
• Complements SEM-EDS analysis in that it helps to make more informed decisions in selecting samples for time-consuming SEM-EDS analysis
• Same software for both SEM and Micro-XRF makes it easier to learn and use the system
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Q&A
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Are There Any Questions?
Please type in the questions you might have
in the Q&A box and press Send.
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More Information
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For more information, please contact us:
https://www.bruker.com/AMICS
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