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Distinguishing Among Atoms >

Slide 1 of 52

4.3 Atomic Number

Elements are _____________ because they

contain ___________ ___________ of

______________.

The ____________ ______________ of an

element is the ____________ of

________________ in the __________ of an

atom of that element.

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>Distinguishing Among Atoms Atomic Number4.3

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Slide 4 of 52

Practice Problems for Conceptual Problem 4.1

Problem Solving 4.15 Solve Problem 15 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

Slide 5 of 52

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>Distinguishing Among Atoms Mass Number

The total number of _________ and

________ in an atom is called the ________

__________.

The number of _______________ in an

atom is the ____________ between the

_________ number and ____________

number.

4.3

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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4.1

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End Show

for Sample Problem 4.1

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>Distinguishing Among Atoms4.3 Isotopes

_____________ are atoms that have the

same number of _______________ but

different numbers of ______________.

Because isotopes of an element have

different ________ of __________, they

also have different _______

_______________.

Slide 9 of 52

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>Distinguishing Among Atoms Isotopes

Despite these differences, isotopes are

_____________ _______________ because

they have identical numbers of ___________

and _______________________.

4.3

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End Show

for Conceptual Problem 4.2

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>Distinguishing Among Atoms Atomic Mass

It is useful to to compare the relative masses of atoms to a standard reference isotope. Carbon-12 is the standard reference isotope. Cabon-12 has a mass of exactly 12 atomic mass units.

An __________ _____________ __________

(amu) is defined as one twelfth of the mass of a

___________-____ atom.

4.3

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>Distinguishing Among Atoms Atomic Mass

The ________ ________________ of an element is

a ___________ ________ ___________ of the atoms

in a naturally occurring sample of the element.

A weighted average mass reflects both the

___________ and the ___________ _____________

of the isotopes as they occur in nature.

4.3

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>Distinguishing Among Atoms Atomic Mass

Weighted Average Mass of a Chlorine Atom

4.3

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End Show

for Conceptual Problem 4.3

for Conceptual Problem 4.3

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Distinguishing Among Atoms >

Slide 17 of 52

Atomic Mass

To calculate the atomic mass of an

element, multiply the ___________ of

each isotope by its _________

______________, expressed as a

decimal, and then _________ the

products.

4.3

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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4.2

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Slide 19 of 52

Practice Problems for Sample Problem 4.2

Problem Solving 4.24 Solve Problem 24 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

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>Distinguishing Among Atoms The Periodic Table—A Preview

A periodic table is an arrangement of elements in which the elements are separated into groups based on a set of repeating properties.

A periodic table allows you to easily compare the properties of one element (or a group of elements) to another element (or group of elements).

4.3

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>Distinguishing Among Atoms The Periodic Table—A Preview

• Each ____________ row of the periodic table

is called a ____________.

• Within a given period, the ___________ of the

elements __________ as you move

___________ it from element to element.

4.3

Slide 22 of 52

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>Distinguishing Among Atoms The Periodic Table—A Preview

A Period

4.3

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>Distinguishing Among Atoms The Periodic Table—A Preview

• Each ____________ column of the periodic

table is called a _____________, or family.

• Elements within a ______________ have

____________ chemical and physical

properties.

4.3

Slide 24 of 52

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>Distinguishing Among Atoms The Periodic Table—A Preview

A Group or Family

4.3