gilded: thin layer of glitter over cheap base; term “gilded age” named by mark twain ...

Gilded: thin layer of glitter over cheap base; term “Gilded Age”

Named by Mark Twain Corruption and greed People control gov’t for personal gain Big business and government

“cooperate”

Control the gov’t 1861-1885 Support Big Business, high tariffs and the

gold standard WHY?

Hold political power through favors, money and violence

Power more important than the plight of people

immigrants>>jobs=votes

Big Business=money Votes/money=political

power

Most important immigrant group in an election

Why? Population

Most important state to win in an election?

WHY?

Determined to see McKinley elected, Hanna began asking big corporations for campaign donations. He assured the industrial leaders that McKinley’s political positions would benefit them and keep their companies, and the country running smoothly. Hanna was able to raise $3.5 million dollars for McKinley’s campaign, an unheard of amount and the most money ever spent on a political campaign at that time.

25th President Big Business reigns

Stealing from the public Work for their own benefit Depleted natural resources Paid low wages Maintained dangerous conditions in

factories Corrupted public officials Drove competitors out of business

Work to help people Benefit society Created jobs Founded public institutions(museums,

libraries, etc.) Philanthropy

Carnegie Steel Revolutionized

the steel industry Vertical

consolidation Own all aspects of

production

Social Darwinism Survival of the

fittest The rich get richer

and the poor die out

Gospel of Wealth Make as much

money as you can, then give it away.

Act of donating money, goods, time, or effort to support a charitable cause and the betterment of mankind.

The Carnegie Corp. of N.Y. The Carnegie Endowment for

International Peace The Carnegie Inst. of Washington The Carnegie Foundation for the

Advancement of Teaching

Standard Oil CompanyCreates a monopoly

-only supplier available-eliminate fair and open competition

Invents the concept of Trust -smaller companies come together to make large company(still a monopoly)

-several people managing a larger company

Put smaller companies out of businessThreatened open and fair competitionEliminate competition

-higher pricesLow wages and poor working conditions

-maximize profits

Labor Unions-to represent the worker

Demands:-8 hour work day-better pay-safer conditions

Sam GompersOnly skilled workersTactics

-economic pressure-boycott-strike(violence)

Collective Bargaining-workers deal with owners as a group-more successful than strike

Unions:-must use numbers for political influence

Big Business:-use the courts to fight labor unions

Eugene V. Debs

-public, not private control of business-equal distribution of wealth

Plessy VS Ferguson(1896)-”separate, but equal is legal”-legal separation of races in public places

Jim Crow Laws:-separate the races -treat blacks as second class citizens

BOOKER T. WASHINGTON

William Edward Burghardt DUBOIS

Booker T. Washington-accommodation and acceptance-play the part and improve yourself with

education-wait for society to change

W. E. B. DuBois-protest your treatment-effect change now through protest

Imperialismcontrol of a weaker country

U.S. Imperialism-based on trade(at first)

Open Door Policy-all countries should have equal trading rights with China

-who isn’t at this meeting?-China

Intense national pride and aggressive foreign policy

-U.S. doesn’t listen to anyone else-all countries should listen to U.S.-Manifest Destiny

April 1898- December 1898U.S. begins to dominate other countries

-based on U.S. wants

McKinley wins re-election in 1900

Sept. 6, 1901-Leon Czolgosz assassinates McKinley-Secret Service to officially protect Presidents(still not primary duty)

26th PresidentContinues ImperialismIntervenes in Russo-Japanese WarPanama Canal

-creates a rebellion in South America-connects Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

Progressive Movement-reform society

First investigative reporters-Jacob Riis

-NYC tenements-“How the Other Half Lives”

“Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far.”

-Declares the U.S. protectors of Central and South America