satrapies—provinces of persia satrap—ruled each satrapies—”protector of the kingdom” ...
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Satrapies—provinces of Persia Satrap—ruled each satrapies
—”protector of the kingdom” Zoroastrianism—Persian Religion.
Believed in one God—humans had the freedom to choose between right and wrong and that goodness would triumph in the end
Persia—modern day southwestern Iran
Persia were nomads and warriors
Cyrus the Great (559 BC to 530 BC)—united Persia into a powerful kingdom.
Beginning in 539 BC—Persia gained control of: Northern Mesopotamia
Asia Minor Syria Canaan Phoenician cities
Other leaders gained control of: Egypt, western India, and Thrace (northern region of Greece)
Darius—521 BC
20 Satrapies ruled by Satraps
Had a paid army—full-time army
10,000 protected the king called the Immortals
Zoroaster—born 660 BC
Found Zoroastrianism Monotheistic Good and Evil Humans had freedom to choose between
right and wrong In the end, goodness will triumph
Persia took over Greek Colonies in Asia Minor
499 BC, Athenian army helped the Greeks colonies rebel against the Persians.
King Darius decided to take over the mainland of Greece as a result.
490 BC—20,000 Persian soldiers landed on the plains of Marathon
Persians waited, but Athenians did not fight
As the Persians loaded back onto their ships to sail south, the Athenians attacked.
Pheidippides—messenger sent by the Athenians back to Athens to deliver the news 25 miles away.
Modern day Marathons are named for this famous run
480 BC—Xerxes (Darius son), vowed revenge against the Athenians
Launched an invasion of Greece with 180,000 soldiers, warships, and supply vessels
Greeks joined forces, including King Leonidas and the Spartans along with the Athenians and their general Themistocles
Greeks needed to cut off Persian supplies as the Persians marched south.
7, 000 Greek soldiers tried to block the Persians at a narrow pass named Thermopylae
A Greek traitor tipped off their location to the Persians
Legend of the Spartan 300 and King Leonidas
Battle of Salamis
Greek fleet attacked the Persians at the Strait of Salamis
Strait—narrow strip of water between two pieces of land
Greek ships were smaller, faster, and easier to steer through tight spaces
Persians marched on to Athens and burned the city
Battle at Plataea
Largest Army ever assembled by the Greeks
Defeated the Persians with solid body armor, longer spears, and better training
Persians retreated back to Asia Minor
Fall of the Persian Empire
Greed High Taxes Revenge Murder Rebellions
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