(+/-) usted commands
Post on 09-Jan-2016
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(+/-)Usted Command
s
(+/-)Usted Command
s
•Who is Usted?
•Usted is the formal form of “You.” It holds the same meaning as “You” in English, but it is used w/ your superiors, older adults, and strangers.
Think of it as “You, sir” or “You ma’am”
Unlike Pos. Tú Commands, Usted commands are take a little more work to arrive at their conjugations.
But, don’t worry, once you understand the pattern, you’ll find they’re pretty simple to do.
To conjugate anUsted Command:
1.Start with the Present Tense Yo-form of the verb.
2.Drop the –o-
3.Add on the opposite vowel ending.
1.Start with the Present Tense Yo-form of the verb.
2.Drop the –o-
3.Add on the opposite vowel ending.
To conjugate anUsted Command:
Add on the opposite vowel ending??
Add on the opposite vowel ending??
The opposite vowel ending of an
-ar verb = E
-er/ir verb = A
The opposite vowel ending of an
-ar verb = E
-er/ir verb = A
To conjugate anUsted Command:
1. Yo-form
2. Drop the - o-
3. Opposite vowel ending
1. Yo-form
2. Drop the - o-
3. Opposite vowel ending
To conjugate an Usted Command:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
Hablar
Hablo
Habl-
Hable
To conjugate an Usted Command:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
Comer
Como
Com-
Coma
To conjugate an Usted Command:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
Vivir
Vivo
Viv-
Viva
To conjugate an Usted Command:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
Tener
Tengo
Teng-
Tenga
To conjugate an Usted Command:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
Venir
Vengo
Veng-
Venga
To conjugate an Usted Command:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
Poner
Pongo
Pong-
Ponga
To conjugate an Usted Command:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
Decir
Digo
Dig-
Diga
Some IrregularUsted Commands:
Estar – To Be
Dar – To Give
Ser – To Be
Ir – To Go
Saber – To Know
Estar – To Be
Dar – To Give
Ser – To Be
Ir – To Go
Saber – To Know
Some Irregular Usted Commands:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - oy- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - oy- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
Estar
Estoy
Est-
Esté
Some Irregular Usted Commands:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - oy- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - oy- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
Dar
Doy
D-
Dé
Some Irregular Usted Commands:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - oy- :
3. Usted Command ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - oy- :
3. Usted Command ending:
Ser
Soy
S-
Sea
Some Irregular Usted Commands:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - oy- :
3. Usted Command ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - oy- :
3. Usted Command ending:
Ir
Voy
V-
Vaya
Some Irregular Usted Commands:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - é - :
3. Usted Command ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - é - :
3. Usted Command ending:
Saber
Sé
S -
Sepa
Some IrregularUsted Commands:
Estar –
Dar –
Ser –
Ir –
Saber –
Estar –
Dar –
Ser –
Ir –
Saber –
Esté
Dé
Sea
Vaya
Sepa
¡¡Ojo!!
One other thing to watch out for:
-car-car-gar-gar
-zar-zar
Because we are using opposite vowels, we encounter the same pronunciation problems that we
had in the preterite with –ar verbs that end in –car–car, , -gar-gar, and –zar–zar..
The procedure is the same, simply make the additional spell change:
CquGguZC
The procedure is the same, simply make the additional spell change:
CquGguZC
-car, -gar, -zar Usted Commands:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o :
3. cqu:
4. Opposite vowel ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o :
3. cqu:
4. Opposite vowel ending:
SacarSacoSaco
Sac- Sac-
Saqu-Saqu-
SaqueSaque(No accent on the -e- when it’s a command.)
-car, -gar, -zar Usted Commands:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o :
3. ggu:
4. Opposite vowel ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o :
3. ggu:
4. Opposite vowel ending:
Jugar
JuegoJuego
Jueg- Jueg-
Juegu-Juegu-
JuegueJuegue
-car, -gar, -zar Usted Commands:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o :
3. zc:
4. Opposite vowel ending:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o :
3. zc:
4. Opposite vowel ending:
EmpezarEmpiezoEmpiezo
Empiez- Empiez-
Empiec-Empiec-
EmpieceEmpiece
(+/-)Ustedes
Commands
(+/-)Ustedes
Commands
Take everything you just learned about Usted
Commands
…
And just add -n- !
That’s right!
•Take your Usted Command
•Add the letter ‘n’ to it
•And you’ve got an Ustedes Command!
To conjugate an Ustedes Command:
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
4. Add ‘n’ :
1. Yo-form:
2. Drop the - o- :
3. Opposite vowel ending:
4. Add ‘n’ :
Hablar
Hablo
Habl-
Hable
HablenHablen
Usted and Ustedes Commands
VerbHablar Hable Hablen
Ud. Cmd. Uds. Cmd.
Comer Coma ComanAbrir Abra AbranTener Tenga TenganDecir Diga DiganJugar Juegue Jueguen
Irregular Usted and Ustedes Commands
Verb
Estar Esté Estén
Ud. Cmd. Uds. Cmd.
Dar Dé Den
Ser Sea Sean
Ir Vaya Vayan
Saber Sepa Sepan
Congratulations!
You’ve now learned:
•Positive Tú Commands
•Usted Commands
•Ustedes Commands
Next: Negative Tú Commands!
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