02 autocad 2011 et cad.pdf
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Introduction to CAD
Compiled by Joe TaylorMay 2011, Version. 1.0 Department of Engineering & trades
Telephone: 09 968800 Ext 8236Email: joe.puku@manukau.ac.nz Website: www.manukau.ac.nz
U s i n g A u t o C A D 2
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Introduction to CAD using AutoCAD 2011
AutoCAD set to 2D drafting and
Annotation mode
Setting AutoCAD to 2D drafting and Annotation mode
Ribbon
Draw & Modify
Text,etc.
Drawing screen
Command prompt
Snap, Grid, Ortho, Polar tracking, object snap, object snap tracking, Dynamic input, line weight
Line weight show/hide, Quick properties
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Keyboard
Function keys
F1 help
F2 Flip between Text and drawing screens
F3 Object Snaps – settings, center, endpoint, midpoint, intersectionF7 Grid
F8 Ortho mode
F10 polar mode – set angles
F11 object snap tracking
F12 Dynamic input
Esc key cancel last command
Shift key selects other characters
Backspace removes unwanted text
Enter action command and in some cases finish or cancel a command
Tab Use when switching between entering distance and angle whendrawing an angle line in dynamic mode
Down arrow key Use activate other options within a command
Mouse
Mouse Pick or select button (Left button)
Mouse Press lightly on wheel of mouse allows panning of drawing
Mouse Turning wheel of mouse allows zooming in/out
Mouse Double pick of the wheel allows you to zoom extends of the
drawing
Note: After starting AutoCAD please type the following at the command.
Type Startup then press enter
Type 1 then press enter
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Start a new drawing and set paper to A4
Pick menu browser
Pick new
Pick. use a wizard button
Pick quick set-up
Pick OK
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Select to decimal
Pick next button
Set width to 297
Set length to 210
Pick finish
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Ribbon, draw Modify and Layers
2a.Draw toolbar
Using the cursor find the following commands, if you select a command use the esc
key to cancel the command.
Pick home tab
Find the line, polygon, rectangle, circle and hatch. To find more commands pick the
down arrow
2b.Modify toolbar
Using the cursor find the following commands, if you select a command use the esc
key to cancel the command.
Find erase, copy, mirror, move, stretch, trim, extend, fillet and the down arrow for
chamfer. For commands pick the down arrow
2c. more toolbars, such as Annotation (Text) commands, Blocks and Properties
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3. Start a new drawing
Pick the down arrow under A or new icon
Pick new
Pick start from scratch
Pick metricPick OK
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4. Draw the following lines freehand, using the line and redo commands.
Don’t worry about the length of the lines.
Pick home tab
Pick line icon from the draw menu
Pick a start point anywhere on the drawing screen
Pick positions 1 to 9
Right pick on the right button on the mouse
Pick undo
Pick position 9 again
Press enter to stop the line command
5. Erase command
Pick erase icon from modify
Pick all the lines just drawn
Press enter (To erase the objects & stop the erase command)
6. Draw the following lines freehand, but with ortho mode on. Don’t worry about
the length of the lines.
Pick line icon
Pick a start point somewhere near the middle of the drawing screen
Pick ortho mode button at the bottom of the screen to turn on ortho mode
Pick positions 1 to 9
Press enter to stop the line command
7. Erase the lines just drawn
Pick erase icon
Pick all the lines just drawnPress enter
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Start
point
9
5
1
6
2
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8. Draw straight lines to fix sizes
Polar tracking mode will allow you to draw straight horizontal, vertical lines and
when draw lines at fix angles.
Pick polar tracking if not already on
Pick line icon
Pick Polar tracking mode button to turn on if not already on
Pick a start point anywhere near the middle of the drawing screen
Move the cursor to the right of the last pick point (Make sure it reads 0°)
Type 30 and press enter
Move the cursor to the up from the last pick point (Make sure it reads 90°)
Type 30 and press enter
Move the cursor to the left of the last pick point (Make sure it reads 180°)
Type 50 and press enterMove the cursor to the down from the last pick point (Make sure it reads 270°)
Type 50 and press enter
Move the cursor to the right of the last pick point (Make sure it reads 0°)
Type 70 and press enter
Move the cursor to the up from the last pick point (Make sure it reads 90°)
Type 70 and press enter
Move the cursor to the left of the last pick point (Make sure it reads 180°)
Type 90 and press enter
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2
3
Start point9
5
4
1
6
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Move the cursor to the down from the last pick point (Make sure it reads 270°)
Type 90 and press enter
Press enter to stop the line command
9. Erase the lines just drawn
Pick erase icon
Pick the first corner
Pick the other corner
Press enter
10. Start a new drawing
Pick the down arrow under A
Pick new
Pick start from scratch
Pick metricPick OK
11. Drawing lines with angles and using running object snap to snap an endpoint
Right pick object snap from the bottom of the screen
Pick settings from the pop-up menu
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Pick object snap tab
Pick clear all button
Pick object snap on (F3)
Pick endpoint
Pick OK
Pick line icon
Pick a start point anywhere on the drawing screen
@120<30 enter
Press enter to stop the line command
Pick the line icon
Pick the bottom of the last line drawn
(Running object snap automatically connects to the endpoint of the line
@120<60 enter (requires a distance and a angle)
Press enter to stop the line command
(c ) Draw another two line 120 mm long at 0 and 90 degrees
Pick line icon
Pick bottom of the last line drawn
(Running object snap automatically connects to the endpoint of the line
@120<0 enter
Press enter to stop the line command
Pick line icon
Pick bottom of the last line drawn
(Running object snap automatically connects to the endpoint of the line
@120<90 enter
Press enter to stop the line command
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12. Start a new drawing and close all the current drawings still open, without
saving
Pick the down arrow under A
Pick close
Pick no
Repeats the above command until all the drawing files open are closed
Pick the down arrow under A
Pick new
Pick start from scratch
Pick metric
Pick OK
13. Draw the following shape to the sizes given, using the line command with
polar tracking mode on and direct distance entry.
14. Fillet command
Pick fillet icon
R enter (Set the radius size) or press down arrow key then select radius
8 enter (Radius size)
Pick the first object
Pick the second object
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15. Using the fillet command complete the other 3 fillets
16. Chamfer command
Pick down arrow of chamfer or fillet icon this would depend on the command last
used
Pick chamfer
D enter (Set the chamfer distance) or press down arrow key then select
distance
8 enter (distance on the x axis)
8 enter (distance on the y axis)
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Pick the first object
Pick the second object
17. Using the chamfer command complete the other three chamfers.
6 x 6 6 x 6
12 x 6
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18. Start a new drawing
19a. Draw the following drawing using the line command, polar tracking and
direct distance for the lengths.
2 5
15
3 0
30
2 0
15
2 0
30
3 0
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19b. the mirror command and running object snap
(a) Set object snap mode
Right pick object snap from the bottom of the screen
Pick settings from the pop-up menu
Pick object snap tab
Pick clear all button
Pick object snap on (F3)
Pick endpoint
Pick OK
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19c. Mirror command
Pick mirror icon
Pick objects just drawn
Press enter
Pick the first mirror line
Pick ortho button at the bottom of the screen to turn on
Pick the second point
N enter (No not to delete the old objects)
20. Use the fillet and the chamfer to complete the following
drawing.
R7
R7R7
R7
R10R10
R12
R7R7
R12
12 x 1212 x 12
All 6 x 6
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21. Save and close a drawing file
Pick the down arrow under A
Pick save
Pick your network drive
Type filletPick save
Pick close
22. Start a new drawing
Pick the down arrow under A
Pick new
Pick start from scratch
Pick metric
Pick OK
23. Offset command
(a) Draw 3 horizontal lines 100 mm long across the top of the drawing screen
(b) The offset 20mm
Pick offset icon
20 enter (Offset distance)
Pick the first line drawn
Pick anywhere above or below the line picked
Press enter to stop the offset set command
(c ) Offset 10 mm two times
Pick offset icon
10 enter (Offset distance)
Pick the second line drawn
Pick anywhere below the line picked
Pick the line just created by the offset command
Pick anywhere below the line picked
Press enter to stop the offset set command
(d) Offset 5 mm
Pick offset icon
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5 enter (Offset distance)
Pick the third line drawn
Pick below the line picked
Press enter to stop the offset set command
24. Fillet parallel lines
Pick fillet icon
Pick the first parallel line
Pick the second parallel line
Try the fillet command on the other parallel lines
25. Drawing circles
(a) Radius option
Pick circle icon
Pick a centre for the circle anywhere on the drawing screen
30 enter (30 mm radius)
(b) Diameter option
Pick circle icon
Pick a centre for the circle anywhere on the drawing screen
D enter (Diameter option) or press down arrow key the select diameter
60 enter (60 mm diameter)
Try drawing a circle with 45.5 mm radius and 22 mm diameter circle
26. Drawing a rectangle 100 long x 85 width
Pick rectangle icon
Pick first corner for the rectangle anywhere on the drawing screen
Type @100,85 then press enter
Note: The 100 equal the distance on the x-axis and 85 on the y-axis
Pick rectangle icon
Pick first corner for the rectangle anywhere on the drawing screen
D enter (Dimension option)
100 enter (Distance on the x axis)
85 enter (Distance on the y axis)
Pick using the cursor to pick above or below to place the new rectangle
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27. Start a new drawing
28. Draw the following using the line, circle and the rectangle commands
29. Copy command
Turn ortho mode off using F8 function key or pick the ortho mode button on the
bottom of the drawing screen if on
Pick copy icon
Pick objects to be copied in this case, pick all the objects just drawn
Press enter
Pick a base pointPick a new position for the copies
Turn ortho mode off
Press Esc to
stop the copy command
95
50Ø16
6 5
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30. Using override object snap modes
When you specify an object snap, the cursor changes to an object snap target box.
When you select an object, AutoCAD snaps to the eligible snap point closet to the
centre of the target box or aperture
(a) To load object snap override, have a command running such as line the press
the shift + right pick button on mouse
For this example the line command is running & the shift + right pick button on
mouse have been pressed to bring up the following menu
(b) Using the line command with object snap modes.
Pick line icon
Shift + right pick button
Pick endpoint from the pop-up menu
Pick the end of the line
Shift + right pick buttonPick center from the pop-up menu
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(c) Copy the circle
Pick copy icon
Pick circle drawn below
Press enter
Shift + right pick button
Pick center
Pick on the edge or the centre of the circle
Shift + right pick button
Pick midpoint
Pick near the middle of angled line
Press enter to stop the command
(d) Draw three circles with a radius of 10
(e) Using tangent object snap
Pick line icon
Shift + right pick button
Pick tangent
Pick on the edge of the bottom left circle
Shift + right pick button
Pick tangent again
Pick on the top edge of the top circle
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Press enter two times to stop and restart the line command
Shift + right pick button
Pick tangent again
Pick on the top edge of the top circle again
Shift + right pick button
Pick tangent again
Pick on the bottom edge of the bottom right circle
Press enter two times to stop and restart the line command
Shift + right pick button
Pick tangent again
Pick on the bottom edge of the bottom right circle
Shift + right pick buttonPick tangent again
Pick on the first circle selected
Press enter to stop the circle command
Exercise complete
32. Running object snaps
If you need to use the same object snap repeatedly, you can set it as a running object
snap, which means it stays on until you turn it off. For example, you might set center
as a running objects snap if you need to connect the centres of a series of circles with
a line. As with single object snaps, the aperture, or the target box, indicates that an
object snap is on and identifies the selection area. You can change the size of the
target box. When you turn on multiple running object snaps, AutoCAD uses the
object snap most appropriate to the object you select. If two potential snap points fall
within the selection area, AutoCAD snaps to the eligible point closet to the centre of
the selection area. You can also at this point press the tab key to cycle through the
different object snaps set.
(a) Draw the following sketches on a new drawing.
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(b) Set running object snap
Right Pick object snap at the bottom of the screenPick settings
Pick Object snap tab
Pick object snap on [F3]
Select clear all button
Turn on endpoint, intersection, centre, quadrant, and midpoint
Pick OK when you have finish select the object snaps
(c) Use the line command to draw the following lines. You might have to use the
tab key to switch the correct object snap that is required.
(d) To turn off object snap Pick object snap at the bottom of the screen
Exercise complete
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33. Zoom commands
(a) Use the drawing from the last exercise
(b) Zoom real-time
Pick to right of extents down arrow here so you will have access to zoom
real time (note on your computer this icon might be different to the one shown, still
pick the icon)
Pick Real time from the drop down menu
Pick and hold the left mouse button down somewhere in the middle of the
drawing screen
Move the cursor up to make the drawing larger
Or move the cursor down to make the drawing smaller
Release the pick button
(c) Pan command
Start the pan command as above, then
Pick and hold the button down and move the cursor to a new position on thedrawing screen
Release the Pick button and then press enter to stop the command
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(d). Zoom previous option
Start the previous command as above, then
Pick zoom previous command
AutoCAD would be able to recall at least 20 previous zooms, Pans. Etc.
(e) Zoom window option
Start the windows command as above, then
A drop down menu should appear, and then you will access to many zoom options,
such as window, all, extents, etc.
Pick the window option and then release the mouse button
Pick first corner of the window
Pick the other corner of the window
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You can try the window option again and zoom all
Exercise complete
Note: After a certain number times of zooming in, AutoCAD would stop zooming. To
go farther, stop (press ESC) the zoom command. Then type in regen and then press
enter. This should allow you to keep using the zoom command. Just repeat the regen
commands to zoom again even more.
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34. Offset, extend and trim commands
(a) Start a new drawing
(b) Draw the following two lines and the one circle using the following methods (i)
and (ii)
(i) Draw the two lines
Pick the line icon
Pick a start point some where
near the centre of the drawing screen
@20<0 enter
@20<60 enter
Press enter to stop the command
(ii) Draw the circle
Right pick object snap at the bottom of
the screen
Pick settings
Pick object snap tab
Pick clear all button
Pick endpoint
Make sure object snap (F3) is on
Pick OK
Pick Circle icon
Pick where the two lines join or meet
30 enter (radius)
(c) Extend command
You might have to pick the arrow to right of trim
Pick extend icon
Pick the circle just drawn
Press enter
Pick both ends of each line
Press enter to stop the extend command
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35. Copy and more on the trim command.
(a) Start a new drawing
(b) Draw the following; you don’t have to worry about the size of the objects.
(c) Copy command
Pick copy icon
Pick all the objects just drawn
Press enter
Pick a base on the drawing
Pick a new position for the copied objects
Press Esc key to stop command
(d) Trim command
Pick trim icon
Pick the vertical line (This objects becomes the cutting edge)
Press enter
Pick the right or the left side of the other object to be trimmed
Try picking the other side, note the trim command will only trim one side, you would
have to use the erase command to remove all of the line object.
(e) More on trimming
Pick trim icon
Pick the four line objects
Press enter
Pick all the outside ends of the lines
Press enter to stop the trim command
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(f) More trimming
Pick trim icon
Pick the two lines and the circle
Press enter
Pick all the outside ends of the lines and outside parts of the circle
Press enter
The complete trim exercise
(g) On the other copied drawing, use the trim command to Trim all the inside
lines, see the following diagram
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36. Load linetypes
(a) Start a new drawing
(b) Load line types
Pick linetype control drop down menu
Pick other from that menu
Pick load button from that menu
Pick by scrolling down the linetype list
Pick center
Press the ctrl key and hold down (allows multiple selections of linetypes)Pick by scrolling down the linetype list
Pick hidden
Release the ctrl key
Pick OK two times
Line types should now be loaded
(c) Draw four lines 130 long and offset vertically 20 mm apart
(d) Turn on quick properties
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(e) Change two of the lines to a center linetype
Pick any two lines drawn and the following quick properties dialog should
appear
Pick to the right linetype bylayer
Pick down arrow menu
Pick centerPress Esc key to remove selection handles
The two lines should have changed to center lines
Note: If the above lines did not change to center lines, set the following.
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Stop any commands running, press the Esc key
Right pick anywhere on the drawing screen
Pick options from the pop-up menu
Pick the selections tabMake sure noun verb select ion on
Pick OK
Then try to change the line types now
Next part of the exercise, change the other two lines to the hidden linetype.
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37. Change colours of objects
Pick one or more of the line object drawn
Pick to the right of color bylayerPick the down arrow
Pick a colour of your choice
Press Esc key
The lines should have changed colour
37b. Stretching using the grips command
Pick on anyone of the lines drawn before
You should note that the line will now have blue handle at the endpoint & the
midpoint
These a known as cold grips
Pick the right hand handle at the end of the line
You should note the handle turns red, known as hot grips
Turn on polar tracking on at the bottom of the screen
More the cursor right, then type in say 35 the press enter
The line should increase by 35mm
Press ESC key to stop and turn off grips on this line object.
Grip exercise complete
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38. Break command
(a) Start a new drawing
(b) Draw a line 150mm long and two circles with a radius of 20mm
(c) Break command
Pick Modify down arrow
Pick break icon
Pick position 1 on the line object
Pick position 2 on the line object
Try the break command on the two circles
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39. Drawing exercise
(a) Start a new drawing
(b) Draw the following outline, using the line, offset, fillet, chamfer, break, trim,
extend commands and grips if required
(c) Change the linetype to center where required(d) Save the drawing as plate
Dimensioning will be covered later
The following is only a guide on how to draw the above drawing.
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40. VW exercise
(a) Start a new drawing
(b) Turn Polar tracking mode on
Pick Polar tracking from the bottom of the screen or press F10 function keyso it’s on
(c) Draw a vertical and horizontal line using the line command
(d) Set running object snap for intersection and endpoint
Right Pick object snap at the bottom of the screen
Pick settings
Pick object snap tab
Pick clear all button
Pick endpoint
Pick intersection
Pick object snap (F3)
Pick OK
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(e) Draw the 205 mm diameter circle
Pick circle icon
Pick where the vertical and horizontal lines intersect
D enter (diameter option)
205 enter
(f) Offset the 205mm diameter circle by 12 mm
Pick offset icon
12 enter
Pick on the circumference of the circle
Pick anywhere inside the circle
Press enter
Note the following.
(i) If the vertical and or the horizontal lines don’t meet the inner circle do thefollowing.
Pick extend icon
Pick on the inner circle circumference
Press enter
Pick ends of the lines, they should extend to circle
Press enter
(ii) If the lines pass the inner circle, do following and trim the ends of the lines.
Pick trim icon
Pick the inner circle circumference
Press enter
Pick the ends of the vertical and the horizontal that extend pass the inner
circle.
Press enter to stop the trim command
(g) Offset the vertical line by 30mm and 45mm
Pick offset icon
30 enter (offset distance)Pick the vertical line
Pick anywhere to the left of the vertical line
Pick vertical line again
Pick anywhere to the right of the vertical line
Press enter to stop the offset command
Press enter again to restart the offset command
45 enter (offset distance)
Pick centre vertical line
Pick anywhere to the left of the vertical line
Pick the centre vertical line againPick Anywhere to the right of the vertical line
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Press enter to stop the offset command
Your sketch should be similar to the following drawing
(h) Trim the four lines just created
Pick trim icon
Pick the inner circle
Press enter
Pick the ends of the four lines not required
Press enter to stop the trim command
The complete trim sketch
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(i) Create the angle lines
Turn off ortho if on
Pick ortho to turn off or press F8 function key
Pick line icon
Pick the bottom of line 2 where it touches the circle
Pick the top of line 4 where it touches the circle
Press enter to stop the line command
Press enter key again to restart the line command
Pick the bottom of line 3 where it touches the circle
Pick the top of line 1 where it touches the circle
Press enter to stop the line command
(j) Offset the angle line using the through option
Pick offset icon
T enter (Through option)
Pick the angle line which connects to line 1 and 3
Pick the line 2 and the inner circle intersect
Pick the angle which connection to line 2 and 4
Pick where line 3 and the inner circle intersect
Press enter to stop the offset command
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(k) Trim command
Pick trim icon
Pick the inner circle
Press enter
Pick the ends of the lines outside the inner circlePress enter
(l) Erase all the vertical lines
Pick erase icon
Pick all the vertical lines
Press enter
(m) Offset the angle lines 15mm
Pick offset icon15 enter
Pick line 1
Pick on position 5
Pick line 2
Pick on position 5 again
Pick line 3
Pick on position 6
Pick line 4
Pick on position 6 again
Press enter to stop the offset command
(n) Extend the new angle lines only
Pick extend icon
Pick the inner circle
Press enterPick the top ends of the new angled lines only
Press enter to stop the extend command
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(o) Trim command
Pick trim icon
Pick all the angled lines
Press enter
Pick ends of the lines not wanted, seethe complete sketch
(p) Trim parts of the circle
Pick trim icon
Pick all the angled lines
Press enter
Pick parts of the circle not required, see following sketch
Press enter
(q) More trimming
Pick trim icon
Pick the four angle lines that cross each otherPress enter
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Pick all line parts not required, see sketch
Press enter
(r) Offset the horizontal 4mm each side
Pick offset icon
4 enter
Pick the horizontal line
Pick Anywhere above the horizontal line
Pick the horizontal line again
Pick Anywhere below the horizontal line
Press enter to stop the offset command
(s) Erase the centre horizontal line
Pick erase icon
Pick the centre horizontal line
Press enter
(t) More trimming
Pick trim iconPick the 4 angle lines and the two
horizontal lines
Press enter
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Pick all the parts of the lines not required, see sketch
(u) Save the file as vw
Pick to the right of A the down arrow
Pick save
Pick your network drive
Type VW
Pick save
Exercise complete
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38. Bracket1 exercise
(a). Start a new drawing
Pick to the right of A the down arrow
Pick newPick start from scratchPick metricPick OK
(b). Set colour to red.
Pick color control
Pick red
(c). Use the line commands with either the Polar tracking method to draw the following
lines accurate.
Make polar tracking, see bottom the screen
Pick line icon (starts the line command)Pick somewhere near the centre of the drawing screen using the cursorMove the cursor to the right and make sure its horizontalType 125 then press enterPress enter again to stop the line command
(d). Set running object snap to 'endpoint and intersection options.
Right Pick object snap at the bottom of the screenPick settingsPick object snap F3Pick endpoint
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(f). Trim parts of the circles and lines, which are not required.
Pick trim iconPick the both the 35 mm radius circles and the two horizontal linesPress enter
Pick pick the part you don't won’t from the circles and lines. Press enter
(g). Use the single line text command and place your name on the drawing.
Pick the down arrow then single line text icon
Pick a start point of your choice6 enter (height of the text)0 enter (rotation of the text)
Type your name
Press enterPress enter again to stop the text command
(h). Save the drawing as revision.
Pick to the right of A the down arrowPick savePick drive requiredType bracket1 (filename)Pick save
(i). Plot drawing in model space using the window option
Pick to the right of A the down arrow
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Pick print
Pick to the right of name
Then select the laser printer for the room you are in
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Pick the top left of your drawingPick the bottom right of your drawing
Pick preview button
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Press Esc keyPick OK to print the drawing
Exercise complete
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39. BRACKET 2
(a). Start a new drawing
Pick new icon
Pick start from scratch
Pick metric
Pick OK
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(b) Draw the vertical and the horizontal line, with ‘Polar tracking’ mode on F10
(c). Offset the horizontal and vertical lines
Pick offset icon125 enter
Pick the vertical line
Pick any to the right of the vertical line
Press enter (stop the command)
Press enter (repeat the offset command to change the size)
55 enter
Pick the horizontal line
Pick any where above the horizontal
Pick the new horizontal just created
Pick any where above that line
Press enter (stop the command)
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(d). Set running object snap
Right Pick object snap
Pick settings
Pick all clear button
Pick object snap tab
Pick object snap F3Pick intersection
Pick OK
(e). Place all the circles except the circle
with the 30 radii, using the circle
command.
(f).To create the 30 radius circle using tan, tan, radius option
Pick circle icon
Press the down arrow key on the keyboard
Pick tan,tan,radius from the pop-up menu
Pick positions p1 and p230 enter
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(g).Draw the two tangent lines
Set running object snap to tangent and turn off intersection
Right Pick object snap from the bottom of the screenPick settings
Pick object snap tab
Pick all clear button
Pick tangent
Pick OK
L enter (line command)
Pick the top the r38 circle
Pick the top of the r28 circle
Press enter (stop the line command)
Repeat the above for the other tangent line
(h). Trim the drawing
P1
P2
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Pick trim icon
Pick the r38, two r28, r30 circle and the two tangent lines
Press enter
Pick the part of the circles not required
Press enter
(i) The use grips to stretch any lines(ii) Load the centre linetype
(iii). Change the lines that need to changed to be change center linetpye
(iv). Save drawing
Pick save icon
Pick drive required
draw18b enter
BRACKET 3
1. Start a new drawing2. Draw the following diag7ram
3. Saveas bracket 3
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Only a guide to draw bracket 3
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Drawing exercises Radius, Lever, Plate and rocker
1. Start a new draw for figure
2. Save each drawing by the given names
Radius, lever, Plate and Rocker drawing exercises
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Drawing angle lines using dynamic input for the radius drawing
1. Start a new drawing
2. Make sure DYN is on (Dynamic input is on F12), Polar mode is on (F10function key)
3. Create a line
Pick line icon
Pick a start point
Move the cursor up
Type 152 then press enterPress enter again to stop the line command
4. Set osnap the endpoint
Right pick object snap at bottom of the screenPick settingsPick object snap tabPick all clear buttonPick endpointPick object snap on F3
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5. Draw the first angled line
Pick line iconPick the bottom of the line you have just drawn
Turn off polar mode press f8 function key
Move cursor up and to the right
Type 98 press the Tab key (The distance)Type 75 then press the enter (the angle required)
Press enter to stop the line command
5b. Draw the second angle line
Pick line icon
Pick the bottom of the line you have just drawn
Ortho mode should be still off
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Move cursor up and to the right
Type 98 press the Tab key (The distance)Type 30 then press enter (the angle required)
Press enter to stop the line command
6. Use the circle command to draw the 98 radius circle and then use theoffset set to 8 and 20 to draw the other circles on the same centre
7. Draw the 8 and 22 radius circles on the end of the 152 mm line
8. Use the offset command set to 22 to draw other two vertical lines
9. Use the fillet command set 20mm to create 20mm arc
10. Use the trim command to remove objects not required
11. Add the semi circles 8 and 20mm and then trim
12. Use the fillet command set 32mm to create 32mm fillet
Complete the drawing if any work required on it
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LAYERS AND HATCH
1. Start a new drawing and draw the following
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Pick 0 layer
Press enter to create a new layerType part-1 for layer name
(b) To set a colour on a layer
Pick part-1 to highlight the layer name if not already highlighted
Pick color button
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Pick red
Pick OK
(c) Make the layer 'part-1' current
Make sure the layer called 'part-1' and no other layer is highlighted
Double pick to the left of part-1 layer to make it current, which is indicated by a tick
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Pick theclose button top left of dialog
The layer is now ready to use
Now check if the part-1 layer is current
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HATCH for AutoCAD 2011
3. Setting and using the hatch command
Pick hatch icon
Pick ANSI 131
Pick an internal point
Note you can change hatch scale, to make the hatch pattern appear bigger or smallerTry setting scale to 2, 5 or 8, etc.
Press enter when finish
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4. Create another layer called 'part-2' and hatch on that layer using pattern
ANS134
Note: when using the hatch command, for more hatch patterns, pick to see all thepatterns
Or see one line of hatch patterns
5. Create another layer called 'bush' and hatch on that layer using patternANS138
6. Turn layers off
Pick layer properties manager icon
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Double pick to the left of 0 layers to make it current
Pick part-1 freeze button
Pick the close button top left of dialog
7. Try freezing the other two layers, part-2 and Bush
8. Turn all the layers back on
9. Modify existing hatch
Place cursor on the hatch to be modified
Double pick on the hatch existing pattern
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At this point the hatch dialogue box should have appeared, so you can now make changes to
the layer, color, pattern style, scale and rotation
Pick close hatch editor icon
Exercise complete
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Check to see if the dimension layer is current
(c ) Load the dimension toolbar
Pick annotate
(d) Set dimension variables
Pick dimension style icon
Pick the new button
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Type my style
Pick continuePick the primary units tab
Set decimal places to 2 if not already set
Pick periodPick Ok
Pick set current button
Pick close
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4. Horizontal option
Pick linear
Pick positions p1 and p2
Pick position p3
5. Vertical option
Pick linear
Pick positions p2 and p4Pick position p5
6. Aligned option
Pick aligned
Pick positions p4 and p6Pick position p7
7. Horizontal option
Pick linear
Pick positions p8 and p6Pick position p9
8. Angular option
Pick angular
Pick positions p10 and p11
Pick position p12
For the following exercise open and use thedrawing from a previous exercise called draw9.dwg. Draw the following sketch you haven't already drawn it.
1. Close previous drawing and save
2. Open drawing draw-9.dwg or Start a new drawing
3. Draw the following if you don’t have the sketch otherwise go to the next step
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4a. Set running object snap
Right Pick object snap icon
Pick settingsPick object snapPick endpoint
Pick intersectionPick OK
(b) Create a layer called dimension
Pick layer properties icon
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Pick on 0 layer
Press enter to create a new layer
Type dimension for the layer name
Double Pick to the left of the dimension layer to make it current indicated by a tick or pick
the tick icon
Pick color button
Pick a colour of your choice
Pick theclose button top left of dialog
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Check to see if the dimension layer is current
(c ) Load the dimension toolbar
Pick annotate
Pick linear
Pick positions p1 and p2Pick position p3
Pick continue
Pick position p4Press enter two times
6. Aligned option
Pick aligned
Pick positions p4 and p5Pick position p6
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7. Horizontal option
Pick linear
Pick position p5 and p7Pick position p8
8. Vertical option
Pick linear
Pick position p1 and p2Pick position p9
9. Angular option
Pick angular
Pick position p10 and p11Pick position p12
Pick the home tab
10. Add a 20mm radius corner
Pick down arrow fillet/chamfer icon
Press the down arrow key
Pick Radius option20 enter (Radius size)
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Pick the first linePick the second line
Also fillet this corner with a 20mm radius
11. Circles using the Diameter and Radius
options:Pick the new button
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Type my style
Pick continuePick the primary units tab
Set decimal places to 2 if not already set
Pick periodPick Ok
Pick set current button
Pick close
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11. Dimension the fillet radius and circles
Pick annotate if not already select
Pick the down arrow under
dimension
Pick radius
Pick the fillet
Pick anywhere outside of the fillet
Dimension the other fillet
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Draw a 20mm circle and dimension it
10. Close the drawing and save
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ALL OFFSETS 6 mm
Ø90
ALL OFFSETS 5 mm
3 0 °
3 0 °
Ø90
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ARRAY EXERCISE
Polar Array 1. Start a new drawing
2. Set running object snap settings
Right Pick object snap icon from the bottom of the screenPick settingsPick object snap tab
Pick endpoint
Pick intersection
Pick center
Pick object snap F3
Pick OK
2b. Turn on Polar tracking mode on by pick polar from the bottom of the screen, also
make sure Dynamic input mode is on.
3. Start the drawing
Pick circle iconPick a start point anywhere near the centre of the drawing screen
Type 50 then press enter (radius of the circle)
Pick line icon
Pick the circle just drawnMove the cursor up make sure it reads 90 degreesType 60 then press ecnterPress enter (stop the line command)
Type C then press enter key (starts the circle command)Pick the bottom of the vertical lineType 35 then press enter key
Type C then press enter keyPick where there 70 mm diameter circle and the vertical line intersectsType 4 then press enter key (Radius size)
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4. The Polar Array command
Pick home tab if not already selectedPick array icon
Pick polar array button
Set total number of items to 12Set angle to fill to 360
Pick select objects button
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Pick the 8 mm diameter circle and the vertical linePress enter
Set total number of items to 12
Set angle to fill to 360
Pick center point button
Pick the bottom of the vertical line or one of the large circles
Pick rotate items as copiedPick preview
Press esc key
Pick Ok to accept
5. Save the drawing as polar1 and close the drawing
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Exercise 2
1. Start a new drawing2. Drawing the following diagram
3. Editing dimension text.
Pick dimension you want to editRight pick then pick Properties from the drop down listPick text tabPick to the right of Text override
Type %%C<> the press enter key
Press the ESC key this should deselect the dimension you
are editing.
Note: by using the <> AutoCAD will use the default
dimension value after the diameter symbol
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Creating and using SYMBOL libraries (blocks)
1. Start a new drawing
2. Draw the following symbols
Use the DIM / leader to create the arrowhead for PNP and NPN symbols
Press Esc keyType dim then press enterType leader then press enterPick a start point for the arrowheadPick a endpoint for the leader
Press Esc key two to exit the command
TERMINAL
COIL
10.01 10 10 10
11.74
R5
R0.78
NPNPNP
Ø20
5.25
11.83
4.51
4.32 7 .
0 7
3.08
2 .
9 8
12.08
10.92
14.75
1 0 .
0 4
10.04
1 6 .
8 2
1 6 .
8 2
LAMP
DIODE
1 0
1 4
Ø20
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SWITCHCAP
12.42 12.94 10.35
1 4 . 9 23
4 °
R0.77
8 . 7
9 1 5 2
3 . 7
9
6.21
6.21
TRANSGROUND
1 0 .
6
6 .
9 2
6 .
4 6
7.5
15
22.5
R3.75
1 0 .
6
1 3 .
4 4
1 7 .
0 6
2 1 . 2
9.31
15.52
22.77
1.321.32
RESISTOR
9.83 35.18 9.83
4.14
4.14
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Creating blocks
The following diagrams show the symbols to be created using the block command and the
recommend insertion points for the symbols.
2. Use the 'block' command to create the blocks
Pick insert tab
Pick create (Creates a block)
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Type lamp (block name)
Pick select objects button
Pick all the objects to create the lamp in this casePress enter
Pick pick point button
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Pick the insertion point on the lamp
Pick OK
Repeat the block command to create the other blocks, diode, etc.
3. Save the drawing
Pick this icon A (The menu browser)
Pick saveas
Pick Autocad drawing
Make sure you the correct drive and folder
Type sym1
Pick save
4. Use blocks from one drawing into another drawing file.
(a) Start a new drawing or open an old drawing. In this case start a new drawing.
Pick this icon A (The menu browser)
Pick file
Pick new
pick drawing
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Pick the down arrow next to openPick open with template – Metric
(b) Insert the previously saved drawing with the blocks
Pick insert tab
Pick insert (Insert a block or a drawing file)
Pick specify on screen under insertion pointPick browse
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Pick to right of look in select drive /folder where your block is savedPick sym1Pick openPick OKPress Esc key (To cancel insert command)
5. Now you can use the insert command to insert the blocks required.
(a). To insert a block called resistor
Pick insert tabPick insert iconPick down arrow to right of namePick then select resistor (the block the to be inserted)Pick OKPick insertion point on the drawing screen
(b) Insert all the other blocks required, completing the following circuit, and then
saving the drawing as circuit1.
Note:
On the next page the following commands could help you position the symbols.
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Pick the home icon if not already
1. Rotate Command
Pick rotate iconPick the objects to rotatePress enterPick base pointType positive or negative number
Press enter
2. Scale Command
Pick scale icon
Pick object(s) to scale then press enterPick a Base pointType 0.5 then press enter {scale factor}
3. Single Copy Command
Pick copy icon
Pick objects to copyPress enterPick a base point on the objectPick new position for the object
3b. Multiple Copy Command
Pick copy iconPick objects to copyPress enterM enter (Multiple copies)Pick a base point on the objectPick new position for the object
Press Esc key when you are finished
4. Move command
Pick move iconPick object(s) to movePress enterPick a base point on the objectPick a new position for the object
5. Mirror command
Pick mirror iconPick all the objects to mirrorPress enter
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Pick first position of mirror linePick second position of mirror lineN enter (no to keep old objects)
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Single line text and multiline text
AutoCAD is packaged with numerous text fonts. You can use the STYLE command to applyexpansion, compression, or oblique to any of these fonts, thereby tailoring the characters toyour needs. You can draw text of any height, at any baseline angle, and with either horizontalor vertical orientation using these fonts.
1. Using the Dynamic text command to create Text
Pick annotate
Pick down arrow under multiline textPick single line text iconPick start point for the text6 enter (the size of text)0 enter (the rotation of text)
Type in the text required such as; this is AutoCAD’s single line text command
Press enter
You could at this point pick a new position using the cursor to start a new line and then carryon typing, when you are finish press the enter key two times or just press enter two times tofinish the command.
Otherwise press the enter key to stop the text command.
2. Text Correction
Note: You can start editing any text by placing the cursor over the text you want to edit anddouble pick with the mouse. As in the following exercise.
Double pick the text you want to edit, in this case pick on the text you have just typed
Make changes to the text such as deleting the s after AutoCAD and inserting 2009
Press enter two times to stop the command
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3. To change the colour of your text
Pick the text you want to changeRight pick Properties unless the quick properties is alreadyloadedPick by layer next to the right of colorPick the drop down arrowPick a colour of your choicePick close
Press esc key until the blue handles disappear
4. Move Text
Pick the text you want to change
Right pick on the right mouse button
Pick properties from the pop-up menu
Pick down arrow to find geometry Pick position x or position yPick new position for text
Another way to mo ve text you is to p ick on the text you
want to m ove using the cu rsor . When the blue handles
appear , pick on the blue handle which wi l l then turn red,
then move the text to new pos i t ion .
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Pick close
Press esc key until the blue handles disappear
5. Spell
The spell command checks the spelling of your text in the drawing.
Please note; AutoCAD will check on your text while you are typing text
Pick spell check icon (Check Spelling.)
Pick entire drawing if not already selected
Pick start
If a misspelled word is found, the check spelling
dialogue box identifies the misspelled word andoffers alternative suggestions if there is one.
Make changes if required
Pick one of the words
This command would repeat the above if it finds
other misspelled words, pick close when finished
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6. Special characters only use when using the dtext only (single line text command)
Code Character
%%o Overscore
%%u Underscore%%d Degrees symbol
%%p Plus/minus symbol
%%c Circle diameter
%%% Percent sign
%%nnn ASCII character code nnn
Pick single line text iconPick start point for the text6 enter (the height of text)0 enter (the rotation of text)
Type this the diameter symbol %%c
Press enter two times to finish the text command.
7. Change the text height
Pick the text you want to change
If the quick properties dialog does not appearthen do the following
Right pick on the drawing screen
Pick quick properties icon
Pick to the right of height
Change the height to 6
Pick close
Press Esc key to cancel grips
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8. Justify option
(a) Draw a line at an angle and length
(b) Justify / align options
Note: Dynamic input mode must be on (F12)
Pick single line text iconPress the down arrow keyPick Justify optionPick align optionPick the left-hand of the line just drawnPick the right-hand of the lineType AutoCAD justify an align optionPress enter two times to stop the text command
9. Another method of setting a new style
Pick text style icon
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Pick new button
At this point you could give a new style name, but we will accept the default nameOf style1Pick OKPick the down arrow under font namePick italic.shx or a font of your choice
Note: You were not asked to change the text height, as the height will be fix to what ever size
you set at this point. Leaving the text height set to 0.0000 will cause Autocad to prompt youfor a text height every time you used the single line text command.
Pick applyPick close
Now you can use the Dynamic text command to try your new text style
Pick single line textPick start point for the text6 enter (the size of text)0 enter (the rotation of text)
Type This is the new style using the font called italic
Press enter two times to finish the command.
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Inquiry
Locate point Returns the position of a point on the display.
Distance The distance command measures the angle and distance
between two points.
List List information for entity(s) in your current drawing such as:
Line Current layer, line length and position of line etc.
Circle Current layer, radius, circumference, area and position.
Text Current layer, style, height, rotation, position etc.
1. Start a new drawing
Pick A / file / newPick the down arrow next to openPick open with no template - metric
2. Draw the following diagram and only add the text inside the rectangle.
Pick Home tab if not already selectedPick rectangle iconType 50,50 the press enterType @80,45 then press enter
Pick circle icon
Type 180,75 then press enterType 29 then press enter
3. Set running object snap
Right Pick object snap from the bottom of the drawing screenPick settingsPick object snap tab
Pick clear all buttonPick object snap F3Pick endpointPick intersectionPick OK
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4. Load inquiry toolbar
Pick home tab
Pick down arrow to the right of utilities
5. Locate point
Pick ID point icon
Pick position 3 to check its x,y & z positions
(is the ID point x= 130 y = 95 z = 0)
5. Distance option
Pick distance icon
Pick position 1 & 2 (distance equals 80)
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What the distance between position 1 and 3 (is the distance 91.7878(
6. List option grips
Pick the circleRight pickPick quick propertiesPause the cursor on the edge of the quickproperties dialog box, then it should expand toshow you the following
Did you get the following: (radius 29.0000circumference 182.2124 area 2642.0794(
Try the 'list option' with text, lines
7. Area option
Pick area iconPick positions 1,2,3 and 4Press enter
Did you get the following: Area = 3600.0000, Perimeter = 250.0000
8a. Draw the following shape using the line, fillet and the chamfer commands.
(b) Find the area and
its perimeter
Note: Before you
can find the area of the
outline, you have
to convert the lines to polylines, which is one continuous object. Using the polyline editcommand.
(i) To convert line(s) the polylines
Pick down arrow
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Pick polyline edit
Pick one off the lines
Y press enter
j press enterPick all the lines and fillets then press enter>
Press enter
(ii) To find the area using the list option
Pick list iconPick the outline (polyline just created)Press enter three times using the keyboard enterPress F2 for windows
What you get the following: (area ____________ perimeter ________________ )
Answer:
Area 14004.6726
Perimeter 576.6997
Exercise complete
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Direct distance entry exercise and Tracking
1. In this exercise we will draw a simple rectangle 120 by 95.
Pick line icon
Press F10 function key polarmode on)
Pick a start point
Move the cursor in the right direction
120 enter
Move the cursor in the up direction
95 enter
Move the cursor in the left direction
120 enter
Move the cursor in the down direction
95 enterPress enter again to stop the line command
Exercise complete
Tracking
In this exercise we will use the Tracking system, draw two holes without using anyconstruction lines to find their centres
1. Set running object snap to intersection
Right pick object snap at bottom of the screenPick settingsPick object snap tabPick clear all buttonPick intersectionPick object snap F3Pick OK
2. Place the first circle
Pick circle icon
tra enter (turn tracking mode on)
Pick the bottom left corner of the rectangle
Pick object snap at the bottom of the screen to turn off object
Move the cursor in the up direction
65 enter
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Move the cursor in the right direction
20 enter
Press enter again to turn tracking mode off
8 enter (circle radius)
First circle exercise complete
Pick object snap at the bottom of the screen to turn object snap on
3. Place the second circle
Pick circle icon
tra enter (turn tracking mode on)
Pick the bottom left corner of the rectangle
Move the cursor in the right direction
100 enter (circle radius)
Move the cursor in the up direction
30 enter
Press enter again to turn tracking mode off
9 enter
Second circle exercise complete
Exercise complete
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Create a new layout and Printing
1. You will also need a title block drawing to insert later.
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Placing single line text using tracking (TK or TRA)
Set object snap to endpoint, insertion and intersection
Right pick Object snap
Pick settings from the pop-up menu
Pick clear all buttonPick endpoint
Pick insertion
Pick intersection
Pick F3 object snap to turn on
Note: Turn off dynamic input can cause unusual results, when using tracking
Load the Text toolbar if not already loaded
Pick single line text icon
Type TRA (Turn on tracking)
Press Enter
Pick a start point for the text
Move the cursor right (Place the cursor slightly above or below the horizontal
line just pick)
2 Enter
Move the cursor up
2.5 Enter
Press Enter to turn off tracking
3 Enter (text height)
0 Enter (zero rotation)
Type DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
Press Enter two times
Try the above with the other text to create
Save the draw as title A4 and close the drawing file.
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2. For this exercise you need to open a previous saved drawing.
3. Create a new layout
Right Pick layout1 tab at the bottom of the drawing screen
The following screen will be displayed
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4. Rename the layout name this is optional
Right pick the new layout tab just createdPick rename
Type the new name of the layout such as 2d view
Pick OK
5. Use the page setup manager to set the plotter type, paper size, etc.
Right pick on 2d view tab
Pick Page setup manager
Pick modify button
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Check the following settings
Set the printer for the room you are in
Set paper size to A4, layout mm, Scale to 1:1,Set to landscape
Deselectplot with plot styles, select, if you want to print plot with object line weights
Pick OK
The page manager should appear, giving you the settings you have just set
Pick close button
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8. Move title drawing
At this point, you can move the title block around inside the dashed area using the movecommand.
9. Create a new viewport
Pick view tabPick new icon
Pick single
Pick OK
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Pick the top right corner for the first corner of viewport
Pick the bottom left corner for the opposite corner of viewport
10a. Setting the drawing scale
Pick the edge of the viewport
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Pick viewport scale button
Now you can make changes to the scale of your drawing by;
Pick from the pop-up menu 1:1
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10b.To position the drawing
Pick paper from the bottom of the command prompt area
Then use the pan command only to position your drawing
Press the Esc key when you have finished using the pan command
Pick model from the bottom of command prompt area to change you back to paper (paperspace)
10c.To lock the scale of the drawing
Pick the edge of the viewport as in step 10a if it’s not already selected
Pick Lock / Unlock viewport button
Press the esc key to complete the command
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11. Remove the viewport border
(a) Create a layer called border and freeze that layer
Pick Home Tab
Pick layers properties icon
Place the cursor over the 0 layer and pick once
Press enter this creates a new layer
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Pick the border layer from the quick properties dialog
Press the Esc key
12. Print drawing in Paper space
Pick output tab from the top of the screen
Pick plot iconPick preview icon
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Pick plot icon from the top left of screen if are happy with it
To close pick close preview window
Or else press Esc key to return the plot dialog to make adjustment.
Pick plot icon to print
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