03carbohydrates

Regents Biology

Carbohydrates

Regents Biology 2006-2007

Carbohydrates:

OH

OH

H

H

HO

CH2OH

HH

H

OH

O

Energy molecules

Regents Biology

Carbohydrates

Building block molecules =

sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugarsugar

sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar

glucose

Regents Biology

Carbohydrates Function:

quick energy energy storage structure

cell wall in plants

Examples sugars starches cellulose (cell wall)

glucoseC6H12O6

Regents Biology

Sugars = building blocks Names for sugars usually end in

glucose fructose sucrose Maltose

sucrose

fructose

-ose

Regents Biology

BIG carbohydrates Polysaccharides Remember.. Poly- means Many

starch energy storage in plants

potatoes

glycogen energy storage in animals

in liver & muscles

cellulose structure in plants

cell walls

Regents Biology

Digesting starch vs. cellulose

starcheasy todigest

starcheasy todigest

cellulosehard todigest

cellulosehard todigest

enzyme

enzyme

Regents Biology

Cowcan digest cellulose well; no need to eat other sugars

Gorillacan’t digest cellulose well; must add another sugar source, like fruit to diet