07.12.2009 nuclear energy & uranium... what's is it all about?
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SER
Nuclear Energy & Uranium… What is it all about ?
Business Council of Mongolia December 7th, 2009
АРЕВА МОНГОЛ
AREVA MONGOL
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Nuclear Energy Cycle
Mining
Chemistry / Conversion
Enrichment
Fuel
Fabrication
Reactors
Maintenance /
Services
Recycling:
Mox Fuel
Fabrication
Used Fuel
Treatment
Distribution
Transmission
Other Sources
of Electric
Power
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Uranium mining, Conversion & Enrichment facilities
8 main Uranium Producing countries
6 Converting & 8 Enriching countries
Russia
Conversion
Uranium Mining
Enrichment
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Reactors
Nuclear generated electricity
World average = 16 %
France # 80 % (19 nuclear power plants, 59 reactors)
Nuclear reactors worldwide # 440 units
Standard nuclear reactor sizes
900 MW & 1300 MW (inv. = USD 2.5 Bn)
EPR = 1600 MW (inv. = USD 5 Bn)
Mongolia power needs (2008) # 750 MW
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Uranium - Key Figures (2008)
World production = 44.000 tU
# 1 : Canada = 9.000 tU (20 %) McArthur River mine = 6.400 tU
# 2 & 3 : Kazakhstan & Australia
# 4 : Russia = 3.500 tU Dornod + Dulaan Uul !
Top companies
# 1 : Rio Tinto = 8.000 tU (18 %)
# 2 & 3 : Cameco & AREVA # 6.500 tU
# 4 & 5 : Kazatomprom & ARMZ # 5.000 tU & 4.000 tU
Mining methods
Conventional # 65 % underground galeries + open pit
In-Situ Leaching (ISL) # 25 %
By-product # 10 %
Price
Spot = USD 42.5 /Lb (10%) vs. Term Contract = USD 65 /Lb (90%)
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Uranium - World Resources (2008)
Resources : inferred indicated measured
Reserves : probable proven
World total Resources = 4.5 M tU ( # 70 years )
# 1 : Australia = 1.15 M tU (25 %)
Mongolia # 62,000 tU (1.4 %)
Ranking 14th - Very close to India
2 times China resources
1/3 of Russia resources
Within 5 years could rank 10th – close to 100,000 tU
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Uranium
Discovered by Маrtin Klaproth - 1789
Named after « Uranus » planet
Metal
Dense (almost 2 times heavier than lead)
Radioactive
Listed in the
Mendeleiev Table
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Uranium
Gumnite + Pitchblend (> 1%)
Autunite
Uranium content
- Canada « conventional » : 1 to 2.5 %
- Mongolia « ISL » : 0.01 to 0.05 %
100 to 500 ppm
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Uranium
Decoration
Since 19th Century
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Radioactivity
Natural Radioactivity (emitted)
Granite = 5,000 Bq/kg Natural Uranium = 50,000 Bq/kg
Natural radioactivity / Man-made radioactvity = 75% / 25%
Average annual natural radioactivity exposure (received)
Individual world average = 2.4 mSv
Individual living at an altitude of 1,500 m = 3.6 mSv
Unventilated house built in a granitic area = 20 mSv
Annual regulatory limit for exposure to artificial radioactivity
Workers in the nuclear related sector = 20 mSv
Standard population = 1 mSv
Dulaan Uul dosimeters (workers) = 0.1 to 1.5 mSv
Average Dulaan Uul camp site (population) < 1 mSv
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Radioactivity measurement
Site dosimeter
Radiagem device
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Uranium in Mongolia
Sainshand Basin
Dulaan Uul project
Gurvansaikhan
Dornod
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Sedimentary basins
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In-Situ Leaching technique
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Mineralisations
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In-Situ Leaching technique
Injection of acid solution
(H2SO4) into the sandy
ore-body through
injection wells.
Dissolving of the uranium
by leaching / lixiviation.
Pumping up of uranium
solution to the surface
through production wells.
Uranium is captured in
ionic exchange columns.
Acid solution is reinjected
into the ground to
continue production.
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AREVA in Kazakhstan
In-Situ Leaching operations
AREVA in USA
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Yellow cake
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Yellow cake
BUM/DRS/CESAAM
BUM/DRS/CESAAM
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Energy is our future, don’t waste it !
Thank you !
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AREVA in the world - 2008
EUROPE AND CIS
57 % of sales
68 % employees
ASIA-PACIFIC
19 % of sales
14 % employees
100 countries commercial presence
€ 13,160 m Sales Of which 66% outside France / +10.4% over 2007
€ 417m Operating Profit 3.2% operating margin
75,000 Employees
43 countries industrial presence
AFRICA AND MIDDLE EAST
9 % of sales
5 % employees
Industrial presence
AMERICAS
15 % of sales
13 % employees
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