1 basic writing and composition
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BASIC WRITING AND COMPOSITION(FIRST OF FIVE PARTS)Ma. Jezia P. Talavera
BA Linguistics
University of the Philippines Diliman
OBJECTIVES
For elementary and middle school students to familiarize with the basics of writing and composition
To learn the proper and formal way of writing, composing, paragraph making, letter writing and news article writing
To imbibe the basic concepts of writing that will be essential when the students reach high school and college.
1. WRITING A SENTENCE
1.1. GRAMMAR AND PUNCTUATION
1. I ate until I could eat no more.2. I am eating until I couldn’t eat no more.
1.1. GRAMMAR AND PUNCTUATION
1. I ate until I could eat no more.2. I am eating until I couldn’t eat no more.
1.1. GRAMMAR AND PUNCTUATION
1. She is sick for quite some time now.2. She has been sick for quite some time now.
1.1. GRAMMAR AND PUNCTUATION
1. She is sick for quite some time now.2. She has been sick for quite some time
now.
1.1. GRAMMAR AND PUNCTUATION
1. Maria, Ana and I went to the library.2. Maria Ana and I went to the library
1.1. GRAMMAR AND PUNCTUATION
1. Maria, Ana and I went to the library.2. Maria, Ana and I went to the library
1.1. GRAMMAR AND PUNCTUATION
1. Our reserves are depleted that is we must generate new sources of energy for our country
2. Our reserves are depleted; that is, we must generate new sources of energy for our country.
1.1. GRAMMAR AND PUNCTUATION
1. Our reserves are depleted that is we must generate new sources of energy for our country
2.Our reserves are depleted; that is, we must generate new sources of energy for our country.
1.2. SENTENCE STRUCTURE
1. Leave me alone.2. I need a couple of notebooks.
1.2. SENTENCE STRUCTURE
1. Leave me alone.2. I need a couple of notebooks.
Simple Sentences
1.2. SENTENCE STRUCTURE
1. My father and I watched Eat Bulaga.2. She went to the store and bought chicken
and cheese.
1.2. SENTENCE STRUCTURE
1. My father and I watched Eat Bulaga.2. She went to the store and bought chicken and
cheese.
Compound Sentences
1.2. SENTENCE STRUCTURE
1. Mother said that I should take my medicine now.
2. Lorraine told me to watch out for the windows.
1.2. SENTENCE STRUCTURE
1. Mother said that I should take my medicine now.
2. Lorraine told me to watch out for the windows.
Complex Sentences
1.2. SENTENCE STRUCTURE
1. Her sister and I made a deal to teach each other Math.
2. She decided that I should take a break and do something interesting
1.2. SENTENCE STRUCTURE
1. Her sister and I made a deal to teach each other Math.
2. She decided that I should take a break and do something interesting.
Compound-Complex Sentences
ACTIVITY
Grammar and Punctuation. Correct the following grammar and
punctuations
1. She swam when my father ate pie.2. Physics are the subject that I hate the most.3. This is one of the best books I have read if not
the best.4. We must prepare beforehand, that is, we must
take precautionary measures on disaster risk management.
ACTIVITY
Grammar and Punctuation. Correct the following grammar and
punctuations
1. She was swimming when my father ate pie.2. Physics is the subject that I hate the most.3. This is one of the best books I have read, if not
the best.4. We must prepare beforehand; that is, we must
take precautionary measures on disaster risk management.
ACTIVITYSentence Structure
Compose at least one sentence for each type of sentence structure.Simple SentenceCompound SentenceComplex SentenceCompound-Complex Sentence
2. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
2.1. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. It was our understanding that the committee was going to take care of the prizes.
2. We understood that the committee was going to buy the prizes.
2.1. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. It was our understanding that the committee was going to take care of the prizes.
2.We understood that the committee was going to buy the prizes.
CLARITY AND ACCURACY
2.2. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. Hit by a speeding truck, he was thrown against a concrete wall, cracking his skull open and spilling his brains and eyes out.
2. He was killed instantaneously by a speeding truck.
2.2. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. Hit by a speeding truck, he was thrown against a concrete wall, cracking his skull open and spilling his brains and eyes out.
2.He was killed instantaneously by a speeding truck.
APPROPRIATENESS
2.3. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. Print out your report on an ordinary white paper.
2. Print out your report on a letter-sized bond paper.
2.3. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. Print out your report on an ordinary white paper.
2.Print out your report on a letter-sized bond paper.
SPECIFICITY AND VIVIDNESS
2.4. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. At this moment in time, we should start the meeting.
2. We should start the meeting by now.
2.4. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. At this moment in time, we should start the meeting.
2.We should start the meeting by now.
FRESHNESS
2.5. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. It really can be pleasant and exciting to be by yourself with nobody else around.
2. It really can be pleasant and exciting to be alone by yourself with nobody else around.
2.5. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. It really can be pleasant and exciting to be by yourself with nobody else around.
2. It really can be pleasant and exciting to be alone by yourself with nobody else around.
DIRECTNESS 1
2.6. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. Enclosed herewith are the supporting documents from the honor students for their applications for scholarships.
2. Enclosed are the supporting documents from the honor students for their applications for scholarships.
2.6. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. Enclosed herewith are the supporting documents from the honor students for their applications for scholarships.
2.Enclosed are the supporting documents from the honor students for their applications for scholarships.
DIRECTNESS 2
2.7. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. This is not yet going to be the end of it all.2. But the end is not yet.
2.7. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. This is not yet going to be the end of it all.2.But the end is not yet.
CONCISENESS
2.8. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. My mother gave me gift. It was a teddy bear I had wanted for years for my birthday. My father was very happy for me. I was not able to buy it earlier because my parents didn’t have enough money.
2. My mother gave me a teddy bear for my birthday. Dad also made me happy because he bought it. We couldn’t buy it because we had no money at the time.
2.8. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. My mother gave me gift. It was a teddy bear I had wanted for years for my birthday. My father was very happy for me. I was not able to buy it earlier because my parents didn’t have enough money.
2. My mother gave me a teddy bear for my birthday. Dad also made me happy because he bought it. We couldn’t buy it because we had no money at the time.
CONSISTENCY
2.9. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. My father and I are very close. My father and I always watch Eat Bulaga every afternoon. We always laugh at the comedian’s jokes. We are like best friends.
2. My father and I are like best friends. We watch TV together, eat lunch together and clean the house together. I consider him not just as my father but also as my best friend.
2.9. SENTENCE FORM: RHETORIC
1. My father and I are very close. My father and I always watch Eat Bulaga every afternoon. We always laugh at the comedian’s jokes. We are like best friends.
2.My father and I are like best friends. We watch TV together, eat lunch together and clean the house together. I consider him not just as my father but also as my best friend.
VARIETY
ACTIVITY Directions: Identify the more appropriate
sentence in the following.
1. While sketching the scene, rain poured down on me.
2. While sketching the scene, he was overcome by the pouring rain.
ACTIVITY Directions: Identify the more appropriate
sentence in the following.
1. While sketching the scene, rain poured down on me.
2.While sketching the scene, he was overcome by the pouring rain.
CLARITY AND ACCURACY
ACTIVITY Directions: Identify the more appropriate
sentence in the following.
1. It was difficult to make him comprehend the situation.
2. It was difficult to make him get the situation.
ACTIVITY Directions: Identify the more appropriate
sentence in the following.
1. It was difficult to make him comprehend the situation.
2. It was difficult to make him get the situation.
APPROPRIATENESS
ACTIVITY Directions: Choose the most appropriate
word for the following sentences.
1. Dave worked ______ at the task that was very challenging.a. conscientiously b. for three hours
1. I guess your little ______ walked right through my flower bed last night.a. child b. nuisance.
ACTIVITY Directions: Choose the most appropriate
word for the following sentences.
1. Dave worked ______ at the task that was very challenging.a. conscientiously b. for three hours
1. I guess your little ______ walked right through my flower bed last night.a. child b. nuisance.
SPECIFICITY
ACTIVITY Directions: Identify the parts of the sentence
that should be deleted due to indirectness and redundancy.
1. Breaking his wrist, he found out that it was a painful experience for him.a. for him b. he found that it
1. The owner will confirm next week as to whether he will sell his house within this month.a. as to b. confirm next week
ACTIVITY Directions: Identify the parts of the sentence
that should be deleted due to indirectness and redundancy.
1. Breaking his wrist, he found out that it was a painful experience for him.a. for him b. he found that it
1. The owner will confirm next week as to whether he will sell his house within this month.a. as to b. per request
DIRECTNESS
ACTIVITY Directions: Identify the parts that should be
deleted and replaced in the underlined sentence to make it more concise.
1. Still alive and kicking, the old man pushed the children out of his yard.a. strong b. angry
1. She gave a warning that once and for all she is through with him.a. for once b. finally
ACTIVITY Directions: Identify the parts that should be
deleted in the underlined sentence to make it more concise.
1. Still alive and kicking, the old man pushed the children out of his yard.a. strong b. angry
1. She gave a warning that once and for all she is through with him.a. for once b. finally
CONCISENESS
WORDS TO PONDER
KISS:KEEP IT SHORT
AND SIMPLE
WORDS TO PONDER
EXPRESS, DO NOT IMPRESS
REFERENCES
Sentence Structure 101. Retrieved from http://www.writersonlineworkshops.com/online-writing-workshops/form-and-composition/
Malicsi, J. (2005). The ELP Written Communication Strategies. 3rd ed. The Classics Foundation.
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