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Documents
http://ltiwww.epfl.ch/ProgrammationInternet> J2SE APIs > J2EE APIs
http://ltiwww.epfl.ch/WebLang> Bibliographical references> Description of All Components
3
JavaJavascript
JSPtaglib
XML
RMI
Struts
HTML
MDBean
Entity BeanServlet
Cookie
Visual Age
Eclipse
Tomcat
JBoss
ant
CVSWebsphere
Weblogic
php
.net
MySQL
JDOHybernate
J2EE
http://www.topjobs.ch/Rechercher: J2EE, PHP, Apache
JSF
4
LAMP (pas présenté)
Browser
PHP<html> <head> <title>Test PHP</title> </head> <body> <?php echo ‘Bonjour '; ?></body></html>
Network
ClientServer
DB
Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP
5
JBossTomcat
Application Web sur J2EE
EntityEJB
Browser EntityEJB
SessionEJB
x.htmlNetwork
Client
Server
DB
Servlet
proxy
proxy
proxy
6
Pages HTML et Servlettes
Livre Software EngineeringSections 7.5, 7.7
7
Page HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
<title>Tests/test</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function init() { // Javascript
alert("Bonjour")
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="init()">
Contenu de la page
</body>
</html>
8
Elements HTML
<h1>Un grand titre</h1>
<p>Un paragraphe</p>
<table cellspacing="6" cellpadding="6"
border="1" bgcolor="yellow">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#FFE0E0">
ligne1 <br>
colonne 1</td>
<td bgcolor="#E0E0FF">
ligne1, colonne 2</td>
</tr>
</table>
9
Elements actifs dans une form
<form method="get" name="record" action="http://localhost:8080/xxxx">
<input type="text" name="txInput1"/> <br>
<input type="text" name="txInput2" value="initial"/>
<input type="button" name="something" value="button"/>
<input type="checkbox" name="checkB1" value="aaa"/>AAA
<input type="checkbox" name="checkB2" value="bbb"/>BBB
<input type="radio" name="radioB" value="ccc"/>CCC
<input type="radio" name="radioB" value="ddd"/>DDD
10
Sélections <p>
<select name="simpleSelection">
<option value="eee">EEE
</option>
<option value="fff">FFF
</option>
</select>
</p>
<p>
<select multiple name="multipleSelection">
<option value="hhh">HHH
</option>
<option value="jjj">JJJ
</option>
</select>
</p>
11
Autres éléments <p><input type="hidden" name="myValue" value="not_seen"/> </p> <p> <textarea name="thetext" rows="8" cols="80"> ha ! ha ! ha ! </textarea> </p> <p> <button name="button" value="button" type="button"/> Click<br> <img width="100" src="green.gif“ alt="wow"> </button> </p> <p><input type="submit" name="button"/> <input type="reset"/> </p> </form>
12
Form
<form method="get" name="record" action="http://localhost:8080/xxxx">
. . . elements des pages précédentes . . .
</form>
Envoyé au serveur (une seule ligne)
http://localhost:8080/xxxx?txInput1=
&txInput2=initial
&simpleSelection=eee
&myValue=not_seen
&thetext=+++++ha+!+ha+!+ha+!%0D%0A++
&button=Envoyer
13
Upload de fichiers
<form method="post" name="upform"
action="http://localhost:8080/check"
enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="uploading"/>
<input type="submit"/>
</form>
14
HTML: Test.html
Tomcat, Apache . . .(serveur)
Browser(client)
Accès au serveur HTML
<A HREF="URL">link</a>
Internet
15
Servlet
• Objet généralisé• Possède une méthode doGet• Est exécuté dans un serveur Web• Appelé par un browser
Browser ServletdoGet() { …}
Serveur Web
URL avec paramètres
16
Servletqui lit les données entrées dans des champs
Bouton submit
17
Formulaire HTML
<form action=“http://localhost:8080/test">
<input type=“submit” name=“add“>
<input type=“text” name=“val">
</form>
18
Formulaire HTML
(Paragraphe 7.5.2)
<form action=“http://localhost:8080/test">
add: <input type=“submit” name=“add"> <p> val: <input type=“text” name=“val">
</form>
19
HTML page
<form action="URL"> <input type = "text" name="field"></form>
servlet: Test.java
Serveur JBossBrowser
Appeler une servlette
Internet
page HTML
Exécutionde Java
20
Servlette: traitement des données
public class Test extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet ( HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response )
throws ServletException, IOException {
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
response.setContentType("text/html");
out.println ("<html><body>");
out.println ("<h1>Title</h1></body>");
}
} La page html est produite automatiquement quand la méthode se termine.
Javadoc J2EE
21
Classes Http Servlet
• HttpServletRequest.html, ServletRequest.html
• HttpServletResponse.html, ServletResponse.html
• HttpSession.html
22
Décodage d’un paramètre dans une servlette(voir J2EE Javadoc)
<input type = text name = "txtInp">
yyy
Servlette
<form action="http:www.epfl.ch/servletName//">
http://www.epfl.ch/servletName?txtInp=yyy
23
Décodage d’un paramètre dans une servlette(voir J2EE Javadoc)
valueParam = request.getParameter("txtInp"); dans la servlette
valueParam.equals("yyy") Java
http://www.epfl.ch/servletName?txtInp=yyy
Navigateur
24
Production du contenu d’une page HTMLpar une servlette
java.io.PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println(“<h1>Titre</h1>”);
25
WebLang
Crée les sources des composants, les fichiers auxiliaires et les fichiers ant
26
Fichier .cg
@@deploypath="C:/jboss-4.2.3.GA/server/default/deploy/"
servlet SomeServlet {
package servletPack;
public void someCall (PrintWriter out,
String name,
double number) {
out.println(name + " " + number);
}
}
http://ltiwww.epfl.ch/WebLang/Modules.html#servlets
27
Module servlet en WebLang
servlet TestServlet {
package packageName;
int attribute; // dangereux
public void add ( PrintWriter out, int number) { attribute += number; out.println(attribute); }
public void sub (int number) {
attribute = number; }}
determine la form HTML
28
WebLang génère les fichiers:
servlet: Test.java
doGet() { . . .}
m1(int a, String b) { ... } m2(String c, long d) { ... }
html: InputForms
<FORM action= "test">ab
m1
cb
m2
29
Avec plus de détails
servlette: Test.java
doGet() { a = getParameters(“a”); m1(a, b); or m2(c, d); }
m1(int a, String b) { ... } m2(String c, long d) { ... }
html: InputForms
<form action= "test"> <input ... name="a"> <input ... name="b"> <submit name="m1"></form>
<form action= "test"> <input ... name="c"> <input ... name="b"> <submit name="m2"></form>
30
Préparation et chargement d’une servlette
Serveur
web.xmlmyServlet.javamyPage.html
Navigateur
Eclipsefichier.cg CodeGenmyServlet.java@webdoGet() { }
xdoclet packagingweb.xml projet.ear
WebLang
31
bouton droit de la souris
Compilation d’un fichier.cg
32
Déploiement d’un projet
WebLang
Run As… > CGxdoclet.xml
Run As… > CGpackaging.xml
33
Démarrer le serveur JBoss
http://ltiwww.epfl.ch/WebLang/JBossInit
Il est possible de gérer le serveur JBoss, ou d’autres serveurs à partir d’Eclipse. Les manipulations de préparation sont présentées ci-dessous.
Ces manipulations préparent en même temps les librairies nécessaires aux projets J2EE
34
Nettoyer les programmes dans JBoss
Eliminez les programmes et structures laissés par l'étudiant précédent.
Pensez à le faire dans les leçons suivantes également !
1. Effacez les répertoires tmp, data, log et work qui se trouvent dans C:\jboss-4.2.3.GA\server\default
2. Effacez tous les fichiers se terminant par .ear (pour archive) ou .war se trouvant dans C:\jboss-4.2.3.GA\server\default\deploy
Pour arrêter JBoss, cliquer le carré rouge dans la fenêtre serveur et attendez qu’il se termine!
35
Singleton (pour l’exercice)
public class BD { private static BD localBD = null;
public static BD getBD() {if (localBD==null) {
localBD = new BD();}return localBD;
}
private String name; // autres paramètres}
// utilisationBD.getBD().list();
Une seule instanciation, à la première utilisation.
36
Définition d’une classe en WebLang
class MyClass { package aPackage; import java.util; access remote; // optional, default is local outputchannel myCh (queue, A); // future Bean bean; public void aMethod() throws Exception { System.out.println("a method called"); Bean b = beanHome.create(); // future b.method(); }}
Génère une classe habituelle et introduit les références et fonctions qui permettront de la charger dans le serveur.
37
Affichage pour dépanner
System.out.print(“xxx”);
affiche ses sorties dans la console d’Eclipse
38
Exercice 1: une application Web
Singleton
(à la place d’une base de données)
Servlet
store(String x)list()quit()
Page HTML
entrée
Servlet
login()cancel()
correct
nom incorrect
Page HTML
entrée
transition entre états
introduction de données
39
Structure et scripts d’un projet JEE
40
Structure d’un projet JEE
servlets
librairies JEE
fichier d’appel de tous les objets générés
fichiers d’appel des méthodes des servlets
JSP
définition des servlets
scripts ant de préparation
tout est génére à partir de ce fichier
41
xDoclets
Outil standard pour créer une partie des fichiers indiqués dans les pages précé-dentes
http://xdoclet.sourceforge.net/xdoclet/index.html
42
xDoclet crée le fichier web.xml
import javax.rmi.PortableRemoteObject; . . ./** * @web.servlet * name = "MyServletServlet" * display-name = "TestServlet" * description = "A simple Servlet" * @web.servlet-mapping * url-pattern = "/MyServlet" */public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet (HttpServletRequest request, . . .
43
Script ant pour appeler XDocletgénéré automatiquement par WebLang
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <project default="N2" name="XDoclet Generator">
<path id="xdoclet.classpath"><pathelement location="C:/jboss-4.0.4.GA/server/default/lib/javax.servlet.jar"/> <fileset dir="C:\eclipse\xdoclet_lib/">
<include name="*.jar" /> </fileset>
</path><target name="N2" description="Servlet/Taglib">
<taskdef classpathref="xdoclet.classpath“ classname="xdoclet.modules.web.WebDocletTask“
name="webdoclet" /> <webdoclet destDir="WEB-INF" verbose="true" mergeDir="WEB-INF/merge">
<fileset dir="src"> <include name="package/AServlet.java" /> </fileset> <deploymentdescriptor Servletspec="2.3" />
</webdoclet></target>
</project>
44
<servlet> <servlet-name>MyServletServlet</servlet-name> <display-name>MyServlet</display-name> <description><![CDATA[A simple Servlet]]></description> <servlet-class>serv.MyServlet</servlet-class></servlet>
<servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>MyServletServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/MyServlet</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
<!-- look for "servlet-name" tutorial in Google! -->
Contenu de web.xml généré automatiquement par xdoclet
45
CGPackaging.xml<!--********************WEB class*******************--> <target name="WEB" description="Lecon3.war"> <jar destfile="lib/Lecon3.war"> <zipfileset dir="WebContent/WEB-INF" prefix="WEB-INF"> <include name="*.xml"/> <include name="*.wsdd"/> </zipfileset> <zipfileset dir="WebContent/WEB-INF/lib" prefix="WEB-INF/lib" includes="**/*.jar"/> <zipfileset dir="bin" prefix="WEB-INF/classes"> <include name="applicationWeb/Login*.class"/> <include name="applicationWeb/Manage*.class"/> </zipfileset> <zipfileset dir="lib" prefix="WEB-INF/lib"> <include name="Lecon3-CL.jar"/> </zipfileset> <zipfileset dir="WebContent" prefix=""> <include name="appliWeb/Manager.jsp"/> </zipfileset> <zipfileset dir="WebContent" prefix=""> <include name="applicationWeb/Login.html"/> <include name="applicationWeb/Manage.html"/> </zipfileset> </jar></target>
46
Session de client
(Paragraphe 7.8.5)
• Chaque client a une zone pour ses variables
• Lié à la session par les cookies• La servlette retrouve les variables de
l’appelant automatiquement
47
Serveur
Objets de session dans des servlettes
Client 1(cookie)
Client 2(cookie)
Java bean
Client 2
Servlet
y = session.getAttribute("xx");
Java bean
Client 21
“xx”
“xx”
48
Trouver les Java beans dans la session
public public void doGet ( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
MyObject myObject = new MyObject ();
session.setAttribute("myObject", myObject);
x = session.getAttribute("myObject");
. . .
49
JSP: Java Server Page
(Section 7.8)
• JSP (exécuté sur le serveur)
≠ Javascript (exécuté dans le browser)
http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/docs.htmlvoir Servlets and JavaServer Pages: A Tutorial
50
Comparaison servlettes - JSPs
public class Test extends HttpServlet {public void doGet (request, response) {
out.println ("<html><body>");out.println ("<h1>");out.println ( x.toString() );out.println ("</h1></body>");
} }
<html><body><h1><%= x.toString() %></h1></body
Servlette
JSP
51
Création d’une JSP
JSP
( code )( + )( html )
htmlServlet
Java code
serveur browser
http://www.ch/xxxx.jsp
html
Servlet
Java source
JSP compilateur Java compilateur Exécution
Réseau
52
<html><head><title>File</title></head><body><h1>Example</h1>
<%! declarations %><% code Java%>
Nouvelle valeur de l'attribut: <%= attribute %><p>
<form action="http://localhost:8080/Exercice3-WEB/File.jsp"> <input type="text" name="attribute"/> <input type="submit"/></form>
</body></html>
Exemple d’une page JSP
(Vue globale)
53
<%! declarations %>
<!-- déclaration d’attributs Attention, le même objet servlette est partagé par tous les clients -->
Page JSP: déclaration
54
Affichage d’une valeur de variable: <%= variable %>
Affichage du retour d’une méthode: <%= myClass.text() %>
<% // Java code out.println( "Text <p>" );%>
Page JSP: affichage
55
Conditional statements
<% if (error!=null) { %>
<b>Error: <
%=error.message()%><b>
<% } %>
56
Conditional statements(code généré)
if (error!=null) {
out.print(“<b>Error:”);
out.print(error.message();
}
57
http://localhost:8080/Exercice3/File.jsp
URL d’une JSP
58
<%@ pageimport="packName.*" %>
request, response et session sont définis par défaut dans une JSP
Autres instructions JSP
59
Standard Tags JSP
jsp:include jsp:useBeanjsp:setProperty jsp:getProperty jsp:forward jsp:plugin
http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/docs.htmlVoir 2.0 PDF ou HTMLet Servlets and JavaServer Pages: A Tutorial
60
<jsp:plugin type="applet"
code="package.HorlogeApplet"
width="370"
height="50">
</jsp:plugin>
Applet
61
Session / Java bean<jsp:useBean id = "myForm"
scope = "session"class = "app.InputForm" />
<jsp:setProperty name = "myForm"property = "attribute"value ="<%= x %>" />
class InputForm { int attribute; // getter/setter créés au moyen d’Eclipse}
62
Définition:<%@ taglib uri = "pack/myTag.tld" prefix = "tag"%>
Utilisation:
<tag:myTag/>
Utiliser un tag non standard
63
package pack;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @jsp.tag
* name = "myTag"
* description = "A test class for tags"
*/
public class myTag extends TagSupport {
public int doStartTag() {
JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
out.println("I am a tag");
return 33;
} }
Classe tag Correspondante
64
?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE taglib PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JSP Tag Library 1.2//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-jsptaglibrary_1_2.dtd">
<taglib> <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version> <jsp-version>1.2</jsp-version> <short-name>xdoclet-build</short-name>
<tag> <name>myTag</name> <tag-class>pack.myTag</tag-class> <description><![CDATA[A test class for tags]]></description> </tag></taglib>
Créé par les xDocletsDescription d’un tag: MyTag.tld
65
Où se retrouve le fichier JSP compilé en Java?
C:\jboss-4.0.0\server\default\work…
(n’est compilé que lorsqu’on l’appelle)
66
Java beanpackage p;
public class Result implements Serializable {
public Result() { } // optionnel
int xxx;
public int getXxx() {
return xxx;
}
public void setXxx(int xxx) {
this.xxx = xxx;
}
}
Dans Eclipse:
sélectionner int xxx
clic-droit sur la sélection
Source > Generate Getter…
67
Utilisation d’une session et d’un Java bean
Page HTML Servlet Page JSP Servlet
Java bean Java bean Java bean
sendRedirect
Session client (cookies)
68
Java Bean
Résultat
Architecture de l’exercice 1
Page.jsp
Affichage résultat
Nouvelle entrée
Servlette.java
Calcul
69
Même Page.jsp
Java bean
Résultat
Architecture de l’exercice 2
Page.jsp
Calcul +
Affichage résultat
Nouvelle entrée
Page.jsp
Calcul +
Affichage résultat
Nouvelle entrée
70
Database access with the helpof persistent objects
EJB: Enterprise Java Beans
71
Web Application (J2EE)
JBoss
Container
Container
Container
EntityEJB
Browser EntityEJB
SessionEJB
Tomcat
x.htmlNetwork
Client
Server
DB
Servlet
proxies
72
Client-server Application (J2EE)
JBoss
Container
Container
Container
EntityEJB
Client
EntityEJB
SessionEJB
Network
Server
Client
DB
proxies
73
CMP entity beans
(Container Managed Persistency)
BMP, Bean Managed Persistency will not be studied as there are better alternatives
74
Specification of CMP entity
beans in WebLang
CMP bean: relations
methods
attributes
finders / creators
75
Definition of an object in WebLang
cmpbean Town {package geo;String name; // DB attributesint numero;public void myMet (String s) {
System.out.println(s);}
// creators - finders}
76
cmpbean Person { package beans; String firstName; String lastName; // attributes = DB columns int age; public Person createPerson ( String firstName, String lastName ); // age not initialised }// the arguments of the create must correspond // to the attributes. They are stored in the latter.
CMP Bean: method create
77
Creation and use of an object in WebLang
Town t ;
Country c ;
t = townHome.create("Lausanne");
c = countryHome.create("Switzerland");
System.out.println( t.getName() );
c.setName( "Suisse" );
78
CMP Bean: finder method
Town findByName (String s) {
query = "SELECT OBJECT(o) FROM Town o
WHERE o.name=?1"}
// more details later
79
Find an object in WebLang
Town t ;
try {
t = townHome.findByName("Lausanne");
} catch (javax.ejb.FinderException fe) {
t = townHome.create("Lausanne");
}
System.out.println( t.getNumber() );
80
Servlet using a beanservlet myservlet { package servlets;
public void newPerson ( PrintWriter out, String firstName, String lastName, int age)
throws Exception { Person aPers; aPers = personHome.createPerson (firstName, lastName);
aPers.setAge(age);}
} // it is a simple means to test CMP beans, an html // file that calls this servlet is created automatically
81
Java Client (remote)jclient Ouf {
package clientPack;
public void method1 (String s1, String s2) {
Person aPers;
Course aCourse;
aPers = personHome.createPerson("a", s1);
aCourse = courseHome.createCourse("prof", s2);
}
}
// WebLang generates automatically a remote access
82
Reading the HSQLDB database
http://localhost:8080/jmx-console
Select: service=Hypersonic (fifth line under jboss)
Select invoke (below startDatabaseManager)
Look at the task bar and let the DB window appear.
Click View/Refresh tree in this window
Examine the tables (Command > Select …)
83
Fichiers auxiliaires des CMP entity beans
(générés par WebLang et par XDoclet)
84
Files generatedby WebLang
and by the xDoclets
src/control
Game.java
GameCMP.java
GameLocalHome.java
GameLocal.java
GameHome.java
GameUtil.java
sources of the beans
interfaces of the proxies
85
servlet
other EJB
Parts of a CMP entity bean
XxxxLocal userMethods
XxxxLocalHome
create findByPrimaryKey
EJBContainer
XxxxEntityBean
Xxxx
ejbCreate ejbPostCreate
ejbFindByPrimaryKey ejbLoad ejbStore
userMethods
86
XxxxHomeProxy
create findByPrimaryKey
EJBXxxxObjectProxy
userMethods
Instantiation of a persistent object
client
servlet
bean
InitialContext lookup
EJBXxxxObjectProxy
userMethods
XxxxObjectProxy
userMethodsEJB
1
2
3
87
Lookup to get a home proxy
TownLocalHomeProxy townLocalHomeProxy = null;
Context context = new InitialContext();
Object ref = context.lookup("store_PersonLocal");
townLocalHomeProxy = (TownLocalHomeProxy)
PortableRemoteObject.narrow (
ref, TownLocalHomeProxy.class
);
// narrow = cast from object to TownLocalHomeProxy
88
Class specifying a CMP entity bean
package store.ejb;import javax.ejb.EntityBean;import javax.rmi.PortableRemoteObject;/** * @ejb.bean * name = "Customer" * display-name = "CMP Entity Bean" * description = "Description of the CMP Entity Bean" * view-type = "both" * type = "CMP" * primkey-field = "pk" * jndi-name = "store_CustomerRemote" * local-jndi-name = "store_CustomerLocal" * @ejb.pk * class ="java.lang.Long" */public abstract class Customer implements EntityBean {
EntityContext entityContext; . . .
89
CMP entity bean (primary key)
/** * Attribute Pk is used as primary key by default. * @ejb.persistent-field */public abstract java.lang.Long getPk();public abstract void setPk(java.lang.Long pk);/** * Default remove method * @throws RemoveException * @ejb.remove-method */public void ejbRemove() throws RemoveException { }
90
CMP entity bean: Attributes/** * A pair of getter / setter for each attribute * * @ejb.persistent-field * @ejb.interface-method * view-type = "both" */ public abstract String getAtt() ; /** * @ejb.interface-method * view-type = "both" */public abstract void setAtt(String att) ;
91
Control files generated by the xDoclets
META-INF
ejb-jar.xml
jboss.xml
jbosscmp-jdbc.xml
92
Extrait de ejb-jar.xml
(src/META-INF)
<display-name>CMP Entity Bean</display-name>
<ejb-name>Patient</ejb-name>
<home>predimed.PatientHome</home>
<remote>predimed.Patient</remote>
<local-home> predimed.PatientLocalHome </local-home>
93
Fichier.ear deploy
application.xml // références les fichiers ci-dessous
Fichier.jar // contient les EJBs
Fichier.war // contient les servlettes, passé à Tomat
<module><ejb>Test.jar</ejb>
</module><module> data/jboss-app/application.xml
<web><web-uri>Test.war</web-uri><context-root>/Test</context-root>
</web></module>
Fichier.ear
94
Session beans(Pattern de façade)
95
Collections gérées par une session bean
collection
JBoss
EntityEJB
Browser
EntityEJB
SessionEJB
Network
Client
Server
Servlet
proxiesproxies
proxies
EntityEJB
EntityEJB
Les collections (relations) doivent être gérées dans des session ou CMP beans
96
Une session bean en WebLang
sbean ControllerSession {
package beans;
state Stateful; // optionnel
String st;
public ControllerSession create (String st);
public void newPerson (String firstName, String lastName, int age) throws Exception {
Person aPers;
aPers = personHome.createPerson(firstName, lastName, age);
}}
97
Bean Managed Transactionsbean ControllerSession {
package beans; (Container managed transaction)
transaction Bean; // optionnel, par défaut une CMT est créée
state Stateful; // optionnel
String st;
public ControllerSession create (String st);
public void newPerson (String firstName, String lastName, int age) throws Exception {
Person aPers;
beanContext.getUserTransaction().begin(); // optionnel
aPers = personHome.createPerson(firstName, lastName, age);
beanContext.getUserTransaction().commit(); // abort() }}
98
Relations entre CMP beans
99
1:N Relation
23
4
8
5
23
23
23
WebLang, object view:cmpbean X { relation <hasY 1:N hasX> Y;}
X
Y
N
1
100
1:1 Relation (bidirectionnelle)
23 423
WebLang:cmpbean X { relation <hasY 1:1 target hasX> Y;}cmpbean Y { relation <hasX 1:1 hasY> X;}
X Y
101
N:M Relation
23 4
8
5
X Y27
24
424
827
823
523
102
N:M Relation (toujours bidirectionnelle)
WebLang:cmpbean X { relation <possessesY N:M hasX> Y; …attributes…}
cmpbean Y { relation <hasX N:M possessesY> X; …attributes…}
103
xdocletspour les relations
/** * Implementation of the relationship: getCollection * @ejb.interface-method * view-type = "local" * @ejb.relation * name="Courses-Students-NM" * role-name="Courses-N-role" * target-ejb="Students" * target-role-name="Students-M-role" * target-multiple="yes" * @jboss.relation-mapping * style="relation-table" * @jboss.relation-table * table-name="CoursesXStudents" * @jboss.relation * related-pk-field = "pk" * fk-column="students_pk" * fk-constraints = "false" * @jboss.target-relation * related-pk-field = "pk" * fk-column = "courses_pk" * fk-constraints = "false" */ public abstract java.util.Collection getStudentsN();
104
Operations concernant les relations entre beans
(WebLang)
105
Relations utilisées dans les pages suivantes
cmpbean Country {
relation <hasCapital 1:1 isCapitalOf> Town;
relation <hasTown 1:N isLocatedIn> Town;
}
cmpbean Town {
relation <isCapitalOf 1:1 hasCapital> Country;
relation <isLocatedIn N:1 hasTown> Country;
}
106
Utilisation d’une référence bidirectionnelle 1:1
Town t = townHome.create("Bern");
Country c = countryHome.create("Switzerland");
t.setIsLocatedIn(c);
System.out.println( t.getIsLocatedIn().getName() );
// setIsLocatedIn est automatiquement définie
quand on spécifie la relation isLocatedIn
Country-Capital
107
Addition d’un élément à une relation
Town v ;
Country c ;
t = townHome.create("Lausanne");
c = countryHome.create("Switzerland");
t.setIsLocatedIn(c); // 1:1 side
t = townHome.create("Bern");
c.addHasTown(t); // 1:N side
Country (1) – Town (N)
108
Déposer une relation et y accéder
Collection collection = aCountry.getHasTown();
Iterator it = collection.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) { // Java 1.4
System.out.println(
( (Town) it.next() ) .getName() );}
109
Déposer une relation et y accéder
Collection collection = aCountry.getHasTown();
for (Object o: collection) { // Java 1.6
System.out.println(
( (Town) o ) .getName() );}
110
addHasTown est introduit par WebLang
void addHasTown(t) {
getHasTown().add(t);
}// standard add et remove de Collections// ajouté automatiquement par WebLang
removeHasTown(t) {
getHasTown().remove(t);
}
Les collections doivent être manipulées à l’intérieur de transactions
111
Résumé des relations et de leurs méthodesindication
in Xxxx
Other end
in Yyyy
methods available
in Xxxx
<elemY 1:1 elemX> Yyyy no relation<elemX 1:1 target elemY> Xxxx
<collX 1:N elemY> Xxxx
Yyyy y = getElemX() setElemX(yyyy)
<elemY 1:1 target elX> Yyyy no relation<elX 1:1 elemY> Xxxx
Yyyy y = getElemY()setElemY(yyyy)
<collY 1:N elemY> Yyyy no relation<elemX N:1 collY> Xxxx
Collection y = getCollY()setCollY(collection)addCollY(yyyy), removeCollY(yyyy)
<collY N:M collX> Yyyy no relation<collX N:M collY> Xxxx
Collection y = getCollY()setCollY(collection)addCollY(yyyy), removeCollY(yyyy)
112
Comparaisons entre objets
CB h1 = cBHome.create("5");
CB h2 = cBHome.findH("5");
if (h1 == h2) ; // pas valable !
if (h1.getPrimaryKey().equals(h2.getPrimaryKey()) System.out.println("2 x the same bean");
if ( ((Long)h1.getPrimaryKey()).intValue() ==
((Long)h2.getPrimaryKey()).intValue())
System.out.println("2 x the same bean");
113
Finders
http://ltiwww.epfl.ch/~petitpie/ProgrammationInternet/ejb-2_1-fr-spec.pdf
(voir exemple du paragraphe 11.2.6.8)
114
Finder retournant un objet( WebLang )
Course findCourse (java.lang.String name) {
query = "SELECT OBJECT(o)
FROM Course o
WHERE o.courseName=?1"
}
115
Source d’un finder/** * Pays CMP Entity Bean * * @ejb.bean * name = "Pays" * display-name = "CMP Entity Bean" * description = "Description of the CMP Entity Bean" * view-type = "both" * type = "CMP" * primkey-field = "pk" * jndi-name = "geo_PaysRemote" * local-jndi-name = "geo_PaysLocal" * @ejb.pk * class ="java.lang.Long" * @ejb.finder * signature = "java.util.Collection findByVilleAvecM (java.lang.String s)" * query = "SELECT OBJECT (p) FROM Pays p, IN (p.contient) v WHERE v.nom LIKE CONCAT(?1, '%')" * @generated */public abstract class PaysBean implements EntityBean {
116
Build/classes/META-INF/ejb-jar.xml . . .
<query>
<query-method>
<method-name>findVille</method-name>
<method-params>
<method-param>java.lang.String</method-param>
</method-params>
</query-method>
<ejb-ql><![CDATA[SELECT OBJECT(v) FROM Ville v
WHERE v.nom=?1]]>
</ejb-ql>
</query> . . .
117
Tester si un objet existe en WebLang
Country c = null;
try {
c = countryHome.findByName("Switzerland");
} catch (javax.ejb.FinderException fe) {
c = countryHome.create("Switzerland");
}
118
Finder retournant une collection
java.util.Collection findCourses () {
query = "SELECT OBJECT(o)
FROM Course o"
}
Note: les collections retournées par les finders peuvent être manipulées dans servlets.
(ici la table entière)
119
Références cascadées 1:1
Option findOptionByProf (java.lang.String profName) {
query = "SELECT OBJECT(s)
FROM Option o
WHERE o.course.profName=?1"
}
// le finder doit être inclus dans le CMP bean
// qui définit l’objet retourné
120
Relation 1:1 retournant une collectionde membres appartenant à la relation
public java.util.Collection findCountryByCapital
(java.lang.String capital) {
query = "SELECT c.capital
FROM Country c
WHERE c.capital.name LIKE
CONCAT('_', CONCAT(?1, '%‘)) "
}// On utilise une collection, parce qu’on suppose que // plusieurs beans peuvent correspondre au même critère
121
Relation 1:N Country <contains 1:N isIn> Town
public java.util.Collection
findCountryByTownName (java.lang.String name) {
query = Country
"SELECT OBJECT(c)
FROM Country c, IN (c.contains) t
WHERE t.name=?1"
}
122
Relations 1:N cascadées Country : contains Town : hasNb Number
public java.util.Collection findCountryByNumber
(int number, java.lang.String name) {
query = "SELECT OBJECT(n)
FROM Country c,
IN (c.contains) t,
IN (t.hasNb) n
WHERE c.name = CONCAT("%", ?2)
AND n.value < ?1"
}
123
Relations cascadées
A 1:1 B 1:1 C 1:1 D - dd
public A findAByX (java.lang.String name) {
query = "SELECT OBJECT (o)
FROM A o
WHERE o.b.c.d.dd=?1"
}
124
Relations cascadées
An 1:N Bn 1:N Cn 1:N Dn - dd
public java.util.Collection findA(java.lang.String name) {
query = "SELECT OBJECT (o)
FROM An o, IN(o.bnN) bx, IN(bx.cnN) cx, IN(cx.dnN) dx
WHERE dx.dd=?1"
}
125
Relations en cascade
An 1:1 Bn 1:N Cn 1:1 Dn - dd
public java.util.Collection findAn (java.lang.String name) { query = "SELECT OBJECT (o) FROM An o, IN(o.bn.cnN) cx WHERE cx.dn.dd=?1" }
// à introduire dans un bean An
(la query retourne un An)
126
Relations en cascade
An 1:1 Bn 1:N Cn 1:1 Dn - dd
public java.util.Collection findBn (java.lang.String s) { query = "SELECT o.bn FROM An o, IN(o.bn.cnN) cx WHERE o.aa=?1"}
// à introduire dans un bean Bn car il retourne une // collection de Bn
(la query retourne un Bn)
127
Transactions
128
Transactions dans les session beans
transaction Bean;
La transaction n’est pas gérée automatiquement,
le développeur doit insérer le code qui la gère.
129
Relation N:M manipulée depuis une session bean
Cours EtudiantsN M
Expérience:
• Enregistrer un étudiant dans un cours
• Voir si l’étudiant est visible depuis le cours
130
beanContext.getUserTransaction().begin();
s1.addCourse(c1); // s1, s2 are students and
s1.addCourse(c2); // c1,c2 courses
s1.addCourse(c3);
s2.addCourse(c3);
System.out.println("Additions terminées");
Thread.sleep(10000); // suspendue pendant 10 sec pour voir
// dans la base de données
for (Students s : c3.getStudentsN()) {
System.out.println("c3.collection"+s.getName());
}
beanContext.getUserTransaction().commit();
131
CMP Bean A
CMP Bean B
Transaction présente avant d’entrer B
Transaction crée par le conteneur pour B
Transactions
132
Dans le CMP bean (WebLang)
transaction RequiresNew;
Dans la méthode du CMP bean
beanContext.setRollbackOnly();
133
Type de transaction
Transaction avant
l’exécution
Réaction
du conteneur
Required présente
aucune
est gardée
une nouvelle
RequiresNew présente
aucune
une nouvelle
une nouvelle
Mandatory présente
aucune
est gardée
erreur
Types de transaction
134
Appels locaux/distants
• Les programmes situés sur des ordinateurs autres que le serveur peuvent accéder à une session beans ou une CMP entity beans de la même manière que les servlets ( mais par le biais de XxxRemoteHomeProxy )
• Il ne peuvent pas manipuler les relations des CMP beans(pour plusieurs raisons)
135
Classes / jclients de WebLang• WebLang gèrent les home interfaces, les
entités CMP et les noms des classes des session beans de même que les input/output channels dans la plupart des modules
• En particulier dans les jclients et dans les classes.
Note: les classes doivent contenir l’indication access Remote; si elles ne sont pas dans le serveur.
136
class or jclient Modulejclient Ouf {
package clientPack;
inputchannel varName (topic, "TopicName") { … }
void method1 (String s) {
Person aPers;
Course aCourse;
aPers = personHome.createPerson(s+"pers"); // CMP bean
aCourse = courseHome.createCourse(s+"course");
}
void method2 () {
List aList;
String str = "Text = "+listHome.create().text(); // session bean
System.out.println(str);
} }
137
Struts
138
Servlet ServletJSP JSP
PersonManagement SportManagement
person sport
personName
personForm
sportNamelocation
Basic structure of struts
sportForm
• The forms are saved in the HTTP session
• Under the name derived from the class !
Servlet Servlet
139
Output of data (same for input)
Struts
sportForm.setLocation("xxx")
JSP
<bean:write name="sportForm" property="location"/>
<html:text name="location"/>
sportForm location
No direct connection !
140
Servlet ServletJSP JSP
PersonManagement SportManagement
person sport
personName
personForm
sportNamelocation
2
1
3
Basic structure of struts
sportForm
• The forms are saved in the client session
• Under the name derived from the class !
Servlet Servlet
141
/**
* @struts.form name="personForm"
*/
public final class PersonForm extends ActionForm {
private String name;
public String getName() {
return (this.name);
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
} // ActionForm has code to fill in the form from the URL
1 Librairies Struts: Action Form ( = java bean )
142
JSP: input.jsp
<h3>personForm.sportForm</h3>
<html:form action="/personManagement">
sportName <html:text property="name"/>
<html:submit/>
</html:form> // Plusieurs paramètres de l’action sont définis dans struts-config.xml
// en particulier une form est attribuée à cette action et name est le nom d’un
// champ de cette form
2 Librairie JSP pour Struts: HTML Form
143
public final class PersonManagement extends Action {
PersonForm f;
public ActionForward execute (ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
f = (PersonForm) form;
f.getName();
return (mapping.findForward("sport"));
}
catch(Exception e) { // trap exceptions that may occur in your servlet
e.printStackTrace(); // you will get better error messages !
return (mapping.findForward("error"));
} } }
// L’action form passèe comme argument est automatiquement
// remplie à partir des arguments de l’URL
3 Struts: Action Servlet
144
<action-mappings>
<action path="/personManagement" type="management.PersonManagement" // servlet class name="personForm" // name in HTTP session scope="session" input="/pages/Error.jsp" unknown="false" validate="true" > <forward name="sport" // name that can be used as next page path="/pages/sport.jsp" redirect="false" /> </action><action-mappings>
(généré par xDoclet)Fichier auxiliaire: struts-config.xml
145
Action Forms CMP Beans
PersonForm
Main
personForm[]
Person
Course
Person[]
finder ou getCollection
Recrée une collection et copie ses éléments dans l’autre collection
// code prochaine page
Action forms
CMP beans
146
Action Forms CMP Beans
PersonForm
Main
personForm[] per
Person
Course
Person[] per
Pseudo-code
course.setPer( new ArrayList() )
for (each main.per[]) {
x = personHome.create(per[].attributes)
course.addPer(x)
}
PersonForm Person
147
- Action forms,- arrays of action forms,- trees of action forms
148
Action Action
In/out
Input
In/out
PersonManagement SportManagement
job
person
sport
personName
personName
personForm
jobNamelocation
sportForm[ ]
jobForm[ ]
jobForm[]
jobNamelocation
jobNamelocation
sportForm
Java beans composés
jobNamelocation
jobNamelocation
sportNamelocation
Pas supportéjobNamelocation
jobNamelocation
jobNamelocation
sportNamelocation
// Toutes les Action Form envoyées à // une action doivent avoir le même type
149
/**
* @struts.form name="personForm"
*/
public final class PersonForm extends ActionForm {
. . .
private SportForm sportForm; // sub-form
public SportForm getSportForm () {
return (this.sportForm);
}
public void setSportForm (SportForm sportForm) {
this.sportForm = sportForm;
}
}
Tree of action forms
150
( x[ ] or Collection or Set )
/**
* @struts.form name="personForm"
*/
public final class PersonForm extends ActionForm {
. . .
private Collection sportForms;
public Collection getSportForms () {
return (this.sportForms);
}
public void setSportForms (Collection sportForms) {
this.sportForms = sportForms;
}
}
Array of sub-action forms
151
In the action servlet
f.getName();
In the JSP
<html:text property="name"/>
the form in which name is looked for is linked to the JSP by a definition introduced in struts-config.xml
Reference to an attribute of an Action Form
152
In the action servlet
f.getSportForm().getName();
In the JSP
<html:text property="sportForm.name"/>
the form is linked to the JSP within struts-config.xml
Reference to an attribute of a Sub-Action Form
153
In the action servlet (first element ! )
o = ((ArrayList) f.getSportForms();
name = ((SportForm) o.get(0)).getName();
// f is linked to the JSP in struts-config.xml
In the JSP
<html:text property="sportFormN[0].name"/>
// The element passed to the property can be // an ArrayList or an array such as String[]
Reference to an array of Sub-Action Forms
154
Tags in the JSP and the Struts
<jsp:useBean id="managementForm" scope="session" class="man.ManagementForm"/>
<bean:write name="managementForm" property="warning" filter="false"/> // prints the value of the property on the page
http://localhost:8080/struts-documentation
http://ltiwww.epfl.ch/WebLang/references.html
155
HTML form in a JSP
<h3>PetForm</h3>
<html:form action="/Supplier_State_0_Action" >
<html:hidden name="petForm"property="<%= page_prop_token %>" value="<%= pageId %>" />
<table border=0><tr><tr><td> name
<td><html:text property="name"/><tr><td colspan=2 align=center><html:submit property="submit">submit</html:submit>
</table>
</html:form>
156
Array in an HTML form
<html:form action="/Supplier_State_0_Action" ><html:hidden name="petForm"
property="<%= page_prop_token %>" value="<%= pageId %>" />
<table border="0" cellspacing="1"><tr><td> <table border="0" width="100%"><td>subName</table><td> <table border="0" width="100%"><td>number</table><td> <table border="0" width="100%"><td>check</table><tr><td> <table border="0" cellspacing="1"></table>
<!-- tableau transparent suivant
<tr><td colspan=10 align=center> <html:submit property="submit">submit</html:submit> </table></html:form>
157
Iteration on the array (or collection)
<logic:iterate name="petForm"property="thingN"id="item1"indexId="index1">
<tr><td><table border="0" width="100%"<%=color[index1.intValue()%2]%>>
<td> <bean:write name="item1" property="subName"/></table>
<td><table border="0" width="100%"<%=color[index1.intValue()%2]%>>
<td><bean:write name="item1" property="number"/></table>
<td><table border="0" width="100%" <%=color[index1.intValue()%2]%>>
<td><html:checkbox property='<%="thingN["+index1.intValue()+"].check"%>'/></table>
</logic:iterate> cette valeur est retournée dans l’URL
158
Internationalization (a.k.a. i18n)
• Properties defined in resources/application.properties resources/application_fr.properties
• Introduced in the JSPs by <bean:message key=“struts.page.form.text"/> (see the file for details)
• If the browser is set to French application_fr.properties is used
159
Translation of the properties
Copy
resources/application.properties
to
resources/application_fr.properties
and edit the content of the new file
160
Struts in WebLang
Architecture pour:
Machine à états finie
Gestion des pages
161
Assurer une confirmation!
• L’utilisateur clique le bouton Confirm
• L’ordre est exécuté par le serveur
• L’utilisateur clique le bouton BACK du browser
• Il reclique Confirm erreur: double entrée
• Comment le serveur évite-t-il le doublon ?
162
Eviter le doublon
• Chaque page contient un hidden field avec un numéro unique
• Avant de lire les paramètres de la page, on vérifie que le numéro est celui de la dernière page envoyée
• Cela implique un code homogène
163
State Machine
• Login Register
• Fill a cart
• Confirm the cart
• Show the bill
• Confirm the order (only once)
164
state == 1transition from state 1state = 2
JSP JSP
personName sportNamelocation
WebLang use of the JSPs and servlets
state == 2transition from state 2state = 1
State_2State_1
165
FSM bean FSM beanJSP JSP
personName
sportNamelocation
Same bean,but different states
WebLang use of the JSPs and servlets
Where to start ? In the bean!
166
Finite State Machine in a Struts
Struts
0
1
showBasket
notconfir-med
2
confirmed
OK
page_0
page_1
page_2
167
struts PersonManagement {
package management;
stateMachine
state State_0 > person;
state State_1 > job;
. . . FSM . . .
page person {
personForm;
personForm.sportForm[ ];
personForm ("Comment", submitName) ;
}
}
WebLang Module : states and pages
168
// Pure Java code
WebLang Module : Finite State Machine
stateMachine { state State_0 > supply; state State_1 > supplyConfirmation; switch (sessionState) { case State_S: sessionState = State_0; break; case State_0: Pet pet = petHome.create( petForm.getName() ); sessionState = State_1; break; case State_1: if (supplyConfirmation.getConfirmation()) sessionState = State_0; }}
169
form SportForm { package fmPack; String sportName; int location);}form PersonForm { // sub-form package fmPack; String name ; JobForm jobForm; SportForm sportFormN [ ] ;} form JobForm { String jobName; int location;}
WebLang Module : Forms (Java beans)
170
Different display formats
page SomePage {
petForm; // displays all the fields
petForm.thingN[ ];
petForm.bbb (MySubmit); // displays a MySubmit button
petForm.ccc (Cancel); // display a button
petForm.aaa (); // displays no button
}
171
Struts JSP
struts Supplier { . . . page supply { petForm; petForm.thingN[ ]; } }form PetForm { package fp; String name; Thing thingN[];}form Thing { package fp; String subName, int number, boolean check;}
172
Selection of the visible fields
page SomePage {
petForm () { readwrite nom; hidden age; }
petForm.thingN[ ];
petForm.bbb (MySubmit); }
173
Selection of the visible fields
page SomePage {
petForm () ;
petForm2<PetForm> ()
petForm.thingN[ ];
petForm3<PetForm>.bbb (MySubmit); }
174
Characteristics of the fields
hiddenmessagereadonlyreadwriteradio (aaa,bbb)combo (aaa,bbb) password
readonly radio (aaa,bbb) | readwrite | combo (aaa,bbb)
| password
// last lines: one of each group, e.g. readwrite radio
175
Struts
browseForm.petForm[ ] (form)
basket.petFrom[ ] (form)
PetOrder status = ordered OrderItems* (CMP+CMR)
0
1
showBasket
notconfir-med
browser (JSP)
order-registered
(JSP)
showBasket (JSP)
2
confirmed
OK
Struts in WebLang
JSPs Action Servlet
Action Forms
CMP bean
176
Administrator
Struts
Three tiers (overview)
browseForm.petForm[ ] (form)
basket.petFrom[ ] (form)
PetOrder status = ordered OrderItems* (CMP+CMR)
PetOrder status = awaitInvoice OrderItems* (CMP+CMR)
PetOrder status = toBeChecked OrderItems* (CMP+CMR)
file
OrderForm.petForm[ ]not accept
(form)
Buying
Struts
0
1
showBasket
notconfir-med
browser (JSP)
order-registered
(JSP)
showBasket (JSP)
2
SendSupplierPO
MDBean
0
select
login
confirmed
1confirmed
OK
areYouThe-Administrator
(JSP)
checkOrders (JSP)
Display Business Layer Database
+ Dataflow
DisplayBusiness Layer
Queue
177
Struts
out print println
0
JSP
Prints in WebLang
In the Struts, WebLang automatically defines a stream named out, which contains methods
out.print(“xxx”); and out.println(“yyy”);
the text produced is automatically printed on the next JSP
1
178
Sub-FSMs
02
1
displayapplicationenter
start
enter
display_francs
next
ignore
ignore
display_euros
previous
timeoutdisplayapplication
display
enter
start
ignore
timeout
179
Sub-FSM
Struts A Struts B
State_0
State_S(start)
State_S(start)
State 0State_R(redirect)
1st return
1st call
subsequent calls
State_1
Goto B
Continue
State_1State_3
Goto B
Continue
State_3
Return
Continue
2nd return
State_R(redirect)
180
Page_0
Introduirepersonnes/groupes
Lister/formergroupes
Nom groupe
Personnes
Page_2
nomP NomG v
Quitter
Entrer
Groupe
Personnes
Page_1
Quitter
EntrerGroupe
EntrerPersonne
EntrerGroupe
EntrerPersonne
Quitter
EntrerGroupe
EntrerPersonne
181
JMS: Java Message Services
• Channels (queues, topics, durable topics)
• Message driven beans
• Architecture
182
Server
queuetopic
Sender
Listener
SynReceiver
queue/topic
Message Driven Beanqueue, topic
MDBeanClients
183
Types de canaux
QueuesEach message is rec-eived by a single client
TopicsEach client receives all messages
Durable Topics
Each client receives all messages, even if it is temporarily discon-nected
Requires (only in input)
subscription name
username, passwd
184
Création de queues et topics
• Queolques queues et topics sont créés quand le serveur
JBoss est démarré: A, B, C, D, testTopic (lire les
informations imprimées quand JBoss démarre)
• La queue ou le topic d’un MDBean est créé à la création
du MDBean.
• On peut créer d’autres queues et topics en modifiant les
fichiers qui définissent l’environment de JBoss selon
http://ltiwww.epfl.ch/WebLang/JBossQueues.html
185
Canaux disponibles dans WebLang:
• MDBeans (1 input / 0-n outputs)
• Servlets, (0-n outputs)JSPs, Struts
• CMP beans (0-n outputs)
• jclient, class (0-n inputs / 0-n outputs)
186
Listener de queue / topic
queuetopicListener
Client
inputchannel ch {
}
Serveur
Object
operation1()operation2()
Needs C:\jboss-4.0.0\client\jbossall-client.jar
187
Client
outputchannel ch {
}
Envoyer des messante à une queue ou un topic
queuetopicproxy
Server
Object
ch.send(message)
188
jclient MyClient { // or class
package myPackage;
inputchannel inputName (topic, "MDBTopic") { String s = ((TextMessage)msg).getText());
varName.publish(msg);
}
outputchannel varName (topic, "testTopic");
public void method(String s) { . . . }
}
Module client ou classe en WebLang
189
Listener généré par WebLang
public class alarmChListener implements javax.jms.MessageListener {
public void onMessage(javax.jms.Message msg) {
try {
System.out.print ((javax.jms.TextMessage)msg).getText();
} catch (Exception t) {
t.printStackTrace();
} } } Text specifié dans l’inputchannelText specifié dans l’inputchannel
190
Lecture synchrone
// Lire la queue en mode synchrone
// (attente de 5 secondes au plus)
tmpQueue = (javax.jms.Queue) queueCtx.lookup("queue/C");
queueObj = queueSession.createReceiver(tmpQueue);
for (;;) {
Message msg = (Message) queueObj.receive(5000);
if (msg == null)
System.out.println("Timed out");
else
System.out.println(msg.getText());
}
191
Message driven bean
192
// executed when a message arrives
Module MDBean en WebLang
Pas de nom (à la diférence des autres)mdbean MyMDB {
package myPackage;
inputchannel (queue, "MDBQueue") {
String s = ((TextMessage) msg).getText());
varName.send(msg); }
outputchannel varName (queue, "B");
}
193
servlet MyClient {
package myPackage;
// pas d’inputchannel possible !
outputchannel varName (queue, "A");
public void method(String s) {
TextMessage tm =
queueSession.createTextMessage(s);
varName.send(tm); } }
Module servlet en WebLang
194
Proxy d’un topic
public void newTopicEnv(String name, String passwd)
throws Exception {
Object tmp = initCtx.lookup("UIL2ConnectionFactory");
TopicConnectionFactory tcf = (TopicConnectionFactory) tmp;
topicConn = tcf.createTopicConnection(name, passwd);
topicSession = topicConn.createTopicSession(
false, javax.jms.TopicSession.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE
);
topicConn.start(); }
(généré by WebLang, similaire pour les queues)
195
Connexion à un topic
tmpTopic = (javax.jms.Topic) initCtx.lookup("topic/testTopic");
fromTopic = topicSession.createSubscriber(tmpTopic);
fromTopic.setMessageListener(new fromTopicListener());
(généré by WebLang)
196
Exemples d’architecture
197
Server
CMP beans(nom de partie)
Java client
Java client
Java client
topic
ServletBrowserInitialise le jeu game
Exemple d’environnement pour un jeu dans lequel un dé tourne parmis les joueurs (une fois qu’ils se sont enregistrés)
198
GUI Listeners
actionPerformed() {
}
Business layer
FSM () {
}
Message Listener
onMessage () {
}
GUI
setUsername ()getUsername ()setPosition ()setError ()
topic
Java client
invokeLater
199
Classes in WebLang
class Business {
package ppp;
outputchannel ch (topic, “testTopic”);
access Remote;
public Business(LoterieGUI gui) {
this();
this.gui = gui;
}
}
200
La machine d’état est exécutéesur le thread du GUI et le sur le thread qui gère le topic
java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater( new Runnable() { public void run() { // access to the GUI } });
201
public void transition(String source) { try { switch (state) { case 0: if (source != "username") return; game = gameHome().findByName(gui.getGameName()); . . . state = 1; break; case 1: if (source != "nextmove") return; state = 2; break; case 2: if (source != "done") return; game.moveTerminated(); state = 1; } } catch (Exception e) { } }
Machine à états finie
202
Web Services
• SOAPSimple Object Access Protocol ou Service Oriented Architecture ProtocolHTTP remote call
• SOAService oriented architecture
• WSDLWeb Services Description Language
• UDDIUniversal Description Discovery and Integration ( tombe dans l’oubli )
203
Schéma d’un web service
Application(standalone)
stub
Application(sur serveur)
stub
Serveur
remote object== Java bean
204
Documentation sur la création des Web Services
Help > Help Contents >
Documentation
205Bottom Up: Java bean service
package web;public class Test {
public Person grow(Person p){p.setSize(p.getSize()+1);return p;
}}
. . .<wsdl:types> <schema elementFormDefault="qualified" <element name="grow"> <complexType> <sequence> <element name="p" type="impl:Person"/> </sequence> </complexType> </element> . . .
WSDL
206
Web Services Description Language (WSDL)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><wsdl:definitions targetNamespace="http://web" /" xmlns:wsdlsoap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" <!--WSDL created by Apache Axis version: 1.3Built on Oct 05, 2005 (05:23:37 EDT)--> <wsdl:types> <schema elementFormDefault="qualified" <element name="grow"> <complexType> <sequence> <element name="p" type="impl:Person"/> </sequence> </complexType> </element> . . . <wsdl:port binding="impl:TestSoapBinding" name="Test"> <wsdlsoap:address location="http://
</wsdl:port> </wsdl:service></wsdl:definitions>
207
Creation d’un Web Service
L’accès à une application est
fait au moyen de servlettes
développées dans le projet Axis
et qui appellent l’objet désigné
par l’utilisateur
208
Test du service (après avoir compilé la classe)
• Service ExplorerWebContent/wsdl/Xxx.wsdl > right click > Web Services > Test with Web Services Explorer
• JSP de testclasse.java > right click > Web Services > Generate Sample JSPs
209
Top Down: Java bean service
• WSDL file (par exemple sur une page WEB qui décrit le service)
• On obtient un squelette à compléter
210
Web service en WebLang(seuls les types simples supportés)
webservice Simple {package xxx;public int add (int i, int j) {
return i+j;}
}
211
Transfer of data
From an action form to a CMP bean
and vice-versa
212
Action Forms CMP Beans
PersonForm
Main
resultFormN
Person
Course
personN
finder or getCollection
Recreates a collection and copies one into the other member by member
// code next page
Action forms
CMP beans
213
Action Forms CMP Beans
String courseName = result.getCourseForm().getName(); // reads an action formjava.util.Collection<Person> coll = personHome.findPersonInCourse(courseName);
java.util.Collection<PersonForm> c = new ArrayList<PersonForm> ();
for (Person aPerson: coll) { // scan the collection of CMP beans PersonForm personF = new PersonForm(); personF.setFirstName(aPerson.getFirstName()); personF.setLastName(aPerson.getLastName()); c.add(personF); // creates the collection of action forms}result.setPersonFormN( c );
214
Checking which submit has been clicked
If (submit.equals(“OK”)) { . . . }
page supply { petForm.thingN [ ] (OK, Cancel) readwrite name; } }
215
Generated automatically WebLang
modules
• Lottery application implemented with Struts• Draw first a diagram with the html forms, the
action forms, the state machine and the database
CMP bean: Customer
namestruts: Lottery
- register(String) - login() - displayResults()
CMP bean: Token
number
Exercise
html: lottery
Start struts
216
EJB - Hibernate 3
• Hibernate 3 allows the beans to be either attached to or detached from the database
• The beans can thus be used as action forms too, which avoids the tedious transfers from the beans to the action forms
• The version we will use is based on the @annotations introduced in Java 1.5
See the page WebLang about Hibernate
217
Annotations (replace xDoclets)
/** * @struts.form name="jeton" */@Entitypublic class Jeton implements java.io.Serializable { . . .@Id(generate = GeneratorType.AUTO)public long getId() { return id;} . . . @ManyToOne public loterie.Client getClient() { return (client);}
Note: En WebLang, tous les ejb3 doivent se trouver
dans le même package
218
WebLang module(same as cmpbean, but no finders, no creators: they are made in the user’s space)
ejb3 MyCountry { package myPackage; relations (Town=1:N); String name; int number; public Country(String name) throws Exception { this.name = name; } public String toString() { String str = "Country id=" + getId() + " name=" + getName(); java.util.Collection<Town> tlist = getTownN(); for (Town town: tlist) { str = str + "\n Town=" + town; } return (str); }}
219
Configuration parameters
config {
deploypath = "C:/jboss-4.0.0/server/standard/deploy/";
hibernate_driver = "org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver";
hibernate_url = "jdbc:hsqldb:hsql://localhost:1701";
// for the JBoss database as prepared here
hibernate_username = "sa";
hibernate_password = "";
hibernate_dialect = "org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect";
hibernate_dbauto = "create-drop"; // if present,
// recreates the tables at each restart
}
220
Use of a Hibernate bean
javax.persistence.EntityManager em;
javax.persistence.EntityTransaction tx;
em = hibernate_utility.Manager.open();
tx = em.getTransaction();
tx.begin();
Country c = new Country("Switzerland");
em.persist(c);
c.setNumber(1291); // DB updated at commit
tx.commit(); // tx.commit() or tx.rollback();
hibernate_utility.Manager.close();
221
Finding objects with Hibernate
javax.persistence.Query qt;
qt = em.createQuery( "select t from Town t where t.name=?");qt.setParameter(1, name);try { town = (Town)qt.getSingleResult();} catch (javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException enf) { town = new Town(name); em.persist(town);}
222
Finding lists of objects with Hibernate
javax.persistence.Query qt;
qt = em.createQuery("select t from Town t");
try {
townN = (Collection)qt.getResultList();
} catch (Exception e) {
// some error
}
223
Using Hibernate objects (size() not written - lazy evaluation)
tx.begin();
. . .
proprietaire = qt.getSingleResult();
Collection c = proprietaire.getVoitureN(); // The elements of the
. . . // collection are retrieved only when needed
tx.commit();
for (Voiture v: proprietaire.getVoitureN()) {
out.println(v.getName()); // accessed outside the transaction}
09:22:28,774 INFO [STDOUT] org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: package.Proprietaire.voitureN, no session or session was closed
224
Using the objects of a Hibernate relationship outside the transaction
tx.begin();
. . .
owner = qt.getSingleResult();
owner.getCarN().size();
. . .
tx.commit(); required to force the computation
(other functions may also be used)
for (Car c: owner.getCarN()) { otherwise not available
out.println(v.getName()); }
Owner Car
1 N
225
Both Action form and Hibernate bean
ejb3 MyCountry
extends strutsStateMachine.StateForm {
package myPackage;
relations (Town=1:N);
String name;
int number;
}
226
Create and Persist an Action Form
// town is assumed to be a form filled in by the user
town.setId(0); // be sure it has not been left // attached by some previous action javax.persistence.EntityManager em; javax.persistence.EntityTransaction tx; em = hibernate_utility.Manager.open(); tx = em.getTransaction(); tx.begin();
em.persist(town); tx.commit(); hibernate_utility.Manager.close();
}
227
Transaction
store into the DB
Transaction
Transactions and display
get from the DB
display,let the user modify the
data
No transaction
Java bean
(ActionForm/EJB)
Must reconnect the bean to a transaction
228
Reconnect an EJB3 to the DB
tx.begin(); // a first call to a servlet
em.persist(x);
tx.commit();
…Displaying…
tx.begin(); // a subsequent call
y = em.merge(x); // copy x to a new y
y.setName(“new value”); // and persists y
tx.commit();
229
Handling a relationship
tx.begin();
em.persist(owner);
for (Car c: cars) {
em.persist(c)
owner.add(c);
c.setCar(owner); // indispensable to introduce it into the DB
} // because the reference is defined in table car
tx.commit();
Owner Car
1 N
230
Merging a relationship(could be done by using cascade)
tx.begin(); x = em.merge(owner);
for (Car c: owner.getCarN()) { x.add(em.merge(c)); // reintroduce the merged } // objects into the new object owner = x; // optional: remettre l’objet dans son pointeur request.getSession().setAttribute(“owner”, owner); // et
tx.commit(); // dans la servlet-session
Owner Car
1 N
x : Owner c : Car
1 N
231
SQL beans
• SQL beans have been devised at the EPFL: they present the same structure as Hibernate 3 (particularly within WebLang), but they only use JDBC and the standard SQL
• Much simpler to debug, as all statements may be traced within the debugger
• No home, the object must be created to hold the finder (instantiation by new)
232
SQL Bean Example
sqlbean Town extends strutsStateMachine.StateForm { package appliT; relations ( Country = N:1, <isCapitalOf 1:1 hasCapital> Country); String name; public long findPK_OfTown() throws Exception {
query = "SELECT * FROM Town WHERE name=$name;" }}TownN { public void findN_TownList(String s) throws Exception {
query = "SELECT * FROM Town WHERE name>$s"}
233
Use of an SQL bean
// we assume that country has been created // and filled by the Struts mechanism
case State_1:
long pkC = country.findPK_OfCountry();
if (pkC!=0) { country.reloadAll(pkC); } else { country.store(); } country.addTownN(town); // town.setCountry(country); // either this line or the line // above; the second one is
// called automatically
234
FindersTownN tn = new TownN();
try { tn.findTownList(“N”);} catch (weblangUtils.SQLException we) { System.out.println(“Not found”);}
for (Town t: tn) { System.out.println(“t.getName());}
……………………………………………………………..
TownN { String name; public void findTownList (String s) throws Exception { query = "SELECT * FROM Town WHERE name>$s" }}
235
Detached object
Attached object
pk!=0
Attached + linked + connected object
pk!=0 rel!=0
Linked object
pk==0
o.delete()
o.findXx()
o.store() o.set(null)o.remove(o1)
o.set(o1)o.add(o1)
o.set(null)o.remove(o1)
o.set(o1)o.add(o1)
o.reload(0)
o.reloadAll() o.storeAll()
o.deleteAll()
o.reload()o.reloadAll()o.update()o.updateAll()
o.delete()
o.store()
o.delete()
o = new Xxx()
FSM of the SQL beans
o.reload(pk)
pk=o.findPKXx()
236
States of the SQL objects
Detached: The object has been instantiated
Attached: The object has a corresponding set of data in the database
Linked: The object is embedded in a structure, but it has no primary key
Attached, linked The object is available in the database, and connected: as well as in memory, within some
relationship
237
Operations of the SQL beans
store Copies the data of the object into the database, new primary key inserted in the object
findXxx Query method returning a DB row, the objectmust be instantiated before the method is called
findPKXxx Returns the value of the primary key (or 0),method may also throw an exception
reload(pk) Method copies the data of the object into a DB row with primary key pk
update Dual of the reload, updates the database row that has the PK found in memory
238
More Operations
delete Removes the data in the database, not the memory, resets the object’s primary key
set, add Establishes connections between
remove the objects, the two directions of the relationship are handled
storeAll Call all the objects bound by
deleteAll a relationship (not recursively)
reloadAll
updateAll
239
RMI Application
ClientServer
Xxxx(stub)
RemoteXxxx
interfaceXxxx
Xxxx(skeleton)
interfaceXxxx
240
RMI: inverse communication (by transmitting the stub)
Client Server
MyRemote(skeleton)
MyRemote(stub)
rmiregistry
Transfer(stub)
1
2
3
Transfer(skeleton)
myRemStub
241
RMI Modulermi Test { package rmis; public void print (String s) { System.out.println("X "+s); }}
jclient Client { package rmis; Test x; // as Test corresponds to an rmi interface,
// x is automatically initialized RemoteTest y; // y is not automatically initialized, the client // must call new RemoteConnection(true) public void print (String s) { try { x.print(s); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }}
242
Software Engineering
243
Application / implementation
Craig: (http://www.codegeneration.net/tiki-read_article.php?articleId=27)
Specifying software means components, interfaces, archit-ectures, or what is sometimes referred to as the "How".
Specifying applications means features, capabilities, options, or what is sometimes referred to as the "What".
So, it seems odd to me (i.e., Craig ) to use UML (a "how" language) as a universal specification language.
244
My View
Library
(Librarian, book shelves, quiet room)
Soft Library (simulator)
(terminals, server, software)
Each time a book is borrowed in the real library, the librarianborrows a book here
Software application
(terminals, server, software)
=
Borrow a book
Look for a user
A book has been lost
Check differences
Sort books
Reserve a book
Actually, you want to describe the software, the how. The customer can often not read any schema and will require a fast prototype, which is indeed the software.
245
Administrator
Struts
Three tiers (overview)
browseForm.petForm[ ] (form)
basket.petFrom[ ] (form)
PetOrder status = ordered OrderItems* (CMP+CMR)
PetOrder status = awaitInvoice OrderItems* (CMP+CMR)
PetOrder status = toBeChecked OrderItems* (CMP+CMR)
file
OrderForm.petForm[ ]not accept
(form)
Buying
Struts
0
1
showBasket
notconfir-med
browser (JSP)
order-registered
(JSP)
showBasket (JSP)
2
SendSupplierPO
MDBean
0
select
login
confirmed
1confirmed
OK
areYouThe-Administrator
(JSP)
checkOrders (JSP)
Display Business Layer Database
+ Dataflow
DisplayBusiness Layer
Queue
246
Exercise of Software Engineering (8)
• Creation of a stock exchange application.Customers are connected to the bank. The bank keeps a portfolio for each client, transmits the customer orders to the stock exchange. The stock exchange keeps an “order book” that contains the stocks that customers want to buy or sell, with the prices (or price range) they are willing to pay or get.
• Create a diagram that specifies a customer, a bank and a stock exchange, with CMP beans, queues, session beans…
• Create a diagram of the software system that will run the application, not of the application itself.
247
Exercice:
• Compléter la loterie pour que le client voie une annonce quand le manager a sélectionné les jetons
• Créer les fonctions qui permettent d’entrer des jetons depuis le client Java (rich client)
248
Client Serveur
cmpbean: Client
String nom
cmpbean: Jeton
int numero
attenteint etat gagnant
perdant
sbean: AccesJetons
- addJeton(Client, Jeton)
- listeResultats(Client)
1
N
html: display_Enregistrement
- enregistre(String)
- login(String)
html: display_Manager
- tireJetons(int)
servlet: Manager
- tireJetons(int)
- afficheJetons()
servlet: GestionJeton
- remplitJeton(int)
- afficheResultats()
servlet: Enregistrement
- enregistre(String)
- login(String)
html généré
Loterie
Java bean: LotteryData
- constantes générales
- client
html: display_GestionJeton
- remplitJeton(int)
- afficheResultats()
249
Loterie
Browser
Serveur
cmpbean: Client
String nom
cmpbean: Jeton
int numero
attenteint etat gagnant
perdant
1
N
html: display_Manager
- tireJetons(int) servlet: Manager
- tireJetons(int)
- afficheJetons()
Java bean: LotteryData
- constantes générales
- client
Client
topic: testTopic
listener:class: LoterieGUI
(created with Visual Editor)
250
Loterie
Browser
Serveur
cmpbean: Client
String nom
cmpbean: Jeton
int numero
attenteint etat gagnant
perdant
1
N
html: display_Manager
- tireJetons(int) servlet: Manager
- tireJetons(int)
- afficheJetons()
Java bean: LotteryData
- constantes générales
- client
Client
topic: testTopic
listener:
class: LoterieGUI
- display: TextArea
- login: TextField
- tireJeton: TextField
display(String)
class: Business
- login(String)
- tireJeton(int)
invokeLatersbean: ClientBean
- login(String)
- tireJeton(int)
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