1. explain how does conjugation produce genetic diversity in a population of paramecium 2. compare...

1. Explain How does conjugation produce genetic diversity in a population of Paramecium

2. Compare and Contrast How does a macronucleus differ in function from a micronucleus

3. Compare and Contrast Compare asexual and sexual processes in paramecium- include the terms mitosis and meiosis

CH 21 PROTISTS AND FUNGI21.2 Protist Structure and Function

How Protists Move

Change their cell shape Specialized organelles Do not actively move.

Amoeboid Movement

Move by changing their shape Pseudopods

Use of cytoplasmic projections Powered by a cytoskeletal protein- actin.

Cilia and Flagella Cilia

Short and numerous Move like oars on a boat Ciliates.

Cilia and Flagella Flagella

Long and usually one or two long Spin or a wavelike motion from base to tip Flagellates.

Passive Movement

Depend on air or water currents and other organisms to carry them around

Spores Reproductive cells that can enter the cells of other

organisms and live as parasites.

Protist Reproduction

Asexually by mitosis Combine asexual and sexual forms of

reproduction.

Cell Division

Many use mitosis Allows rapid reproduction Produces genetically identical cell, which limits the

genetic diversity.

Conjugation

Two organisms exchange genetic material Not a type of reproduction because no new

individuals are formed Sexual process because new combinations of

genetic information are produced.

Macronucleus Multiple copies of genes

the cell uses in its day-to-day activities

Micronucleus “Reserve copy” of every

gene in the cell.

Alternation of Generations

Alternate between a diploid and a haploid phase.

Water molds grow into long branching filaments.

Sporangium Structure that produces spores asexually.

Reproduce sexually by meiosis and form male and female structures

Haploid nuclei fuse during fertilization, forms a zygote and begins a new life cycle.