1) what over-the-counter liquid contains isopropyl alcohol? 2) why is isopropyl alcohol dangerous?
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1) What over-the-counter liquid contains isopropyl alcohol?
2) Why is isopropyl alcohol dangerous?
1) Some rubbing alcohol
2) It causes respiratory depression/arrest with relatively
low blood levels, as well as causing resp. or G.I. hemorrhage
When one “checks leads” in early asystole, what are you
looking for?
Evidence of V. Fib in leads I or III
(also to make sure they’re attached!)
What are the classic VS changes associated with increased ICP?
decreased pulseincreased BP
altered respiratory pattern
Haldol and Prolixin are what class of drug?
Phenothiazine
Name two reasons why some drowning victims are able to
tolerate anoxia for longer periods of time than other victims are.
1) Cold water decreases body temp ==> decreases metabolism
and O2 requirements
2) No struggling equals lower O2 need
3) Diving reflex (bradycardia)
Describe Cheyne-Stokes respirations
A cycle of:
-Gradual increase in respiratory rate and depth
- Gradual decrease in rate and depth
-Period of apnea
What is the most reliable sign of imminent delivery of a baby?
Crowning
What are five reasons that you may not feel a carotid pulse with
CPR chest compressions?
1) tension pneumothorax
2) pulmonary embolus
3) cardiac tamponade
4) poor CPR technique
5) hypovolemia
What is the normal total blood volume in an adult?
5-6 liters(10-12 pints)
In what group of people is sickle cell anemia most common?
African AmericansMediterranean
What is the basic pathology of sickle cell crisis?
Occlusion of circulation by sickled cells
What is the pre-hospital treatment for sickle cell?
• Oxygen
• Pulse oximetry
• IV
• Possibly pain meds
Name one symptom (other than high BP) that is associated with
hypertensive crisis
Headachechange in LOCblurred vision
Fill in the blanks:
1) 1 inch = _______cm
2) 1mg = _______mcg
3) _____kg= _____lb
1) 2.54
2) 1000
3) 1kg= 2.2lb
Why is it important not to place a pregnant woman in a supine
position?
In the supine position, the fetus presses on the mother’s inferior
vena cava, which decreases venous return to the heart, which
decreases maternal BP.
What is the primary treatment for anaphylaxis?
Support the ABC’s !!
Ok, so it was kind of a trick question……
What is the secondary treatment?
IV (large bore)
Epinephrine—0.3 mg. 1:1000 SQ
List (in order) the possible events of a typical Grand Mal seizure.
-aura-loss of consciousness-tonic contractions-clonic contractions-(loss of bladder control)-post-ictal
If a pregnant woman has hypertension and edema of the
face and hands:
1) What is the name of this complication of pregnancy?
2) What further complication should you prepare for?
1) toxemia or pre-eclampsia
2) seizures
A cardiac arrest produces metabolic acidosis.
1) What are the two primary means to treat this?
2) Which of the two is most important?
1) Hyperventilation and Sodium Bicarbonate
2) Hyperventilation
Name three precipitating events/pt. history which are associated with pulmonary
embolus
-pregnancy-birth control pills-recent surgery-prolonged immobility-CHF-atrial fibrillation-thrombophlebitis-obesity-varicose veins-Fx of large bone
What is the wound called when tissue is torn, forming a flap?
avulsion
Name the acid-base abnormality caused by:
1) hyperventilation
2) CNS depression
3) diabetic coma
1) respiratory alkalosis
2) respiratory acidosis
3) metabolic acidosis
What percent of this patient’s body surface is burned?
[ /// = burns]
Front Back
27% BSA
When caring for a woman in labor with a prolapsed cord, what
is the most important aspect of treatment? (If no pulse is present
in cord)
Push back on the presenting part with your hand to relieve
pressure on the cord.
What is the meaning of this symbol?
>
greater than
What units are implied when a drug concentration is
expressed in %
grams per 100 ml
According to Wisconsin law, when should a
paramedic license be renewed?
By June 30 in even-numbered years
What type of drug is Amitryptyline?
Cyclic antidepressant
A patient with hip pain has a leg that is externally rotated.
What is the likely diagnosis?
Femur fx
When interpreting an arterial blood gas, what are the normal
values for:1) pO2
3) pCO24) pH
4) HCO3
1) 80-100
2) 35-45 (40)
3) 7.35-7.45 (7.40)
4) 22-26
What is the name of the substance produced in the body
which has morphine-like properties?
Endorphins
What are the two main determinants of cardiac output?
heart rate and stroke volume
Name two situations in which it would be acceptable practice to
discontinue CPR
1) When patient recovers (has a pulse).
2) When relieved by someone equally or better qualified than you are.
3) When pt is pronounced dead by MD or Coroner.
4) When you are too tired to continue (not generally acceptable when on-duty).
1) What is the medical term for yellow skin color?
2) Which organ is involved?
1) jaundice
2) liver
Name two symptoms which indicate that a patient in sinus bradycardia needs treatment.
1) hypotension
2) PVC’s
3) decreased LOC (sleepy, confused)
4) cool, clammy skin
Define TIA
Transient Ischemic AttackTemporary decrease in blood flow to an area of the brain. Signs and symptoms are like CVA, except that signs and
symptoms are temporary. Many TIA patients will eventually have
a CVA if not treated.
Which one of the signs/symptoms listed below is not part of the classic
picture of hypoglycemia?
pale diaphoreticheadache vomiting
personality changepalpitations
vomiting
1) What acid/base abnormality is caused by an overdose of methyl
alcohol?
2) How will the patient try to compensate for this?
1) metabolic acidosis
2) hyperventilation
In which trimester of pregnancy is it diagnosed?
A. ruptured ectopicB. placenta previa
C. abruptio placenta
A. firstB. thirdC. third
What is the meaningof these suffixes?1) itis2) oma3) ectomy
1) inflammation of2) tumor3) removal of
What is the medical abbreviation for:
1) after2) with
1) p2) c
Name three things that make pulse ox assessment inaccurate
hypothermia shock
pressors running PNB
dark nail polish CO
anemia sickle cell disease
List 3 ways to communicate with the hearing impaired
Lip reading
Sign language
Writing messages
List several signs or symptoms of hyperventilation
• Carpopedal spasms
• Numbness or tingling in extremities and/or lips
• Chest pain
• Dizziness
That’s all! (for this one anyway)
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