10 hypersensitivity
Post on 10-Feb-2016
213 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
HYPERSENSITIVITY
1. Allergic Response2. Allergic Response Type
Type I –III: Immediate Hypersensitivity
Type– IV: Delayed Type Hypersensitivity
Allergic Responses
• Reexposed to antigen that has encountered previously
• Allergic symptoms are caused by immune reponses (Immune product).• Immediate Hypersensivity :
antibody (B) and cytokines (T)
Allergic Response Type
Type (Group) I (Anaphylactic)
B
MastCell
MastCellIgE
degranulasi
histamine release
pollen (first) pollen (second)
Type (Group) II (Cytotoxic)
Allergic Response Type
REDCELLS
C
Direct Cell LYSIS orC5a reqruitment of Neutrophylto phagocytose cell
IgG
Surface Antigen
Allergic Response Type• Type (Group) III (Immunocomplex)
CIgGIgM
Neut Neut
IntegrinICAM-1VCAM-1
CIgGIgM
VASCULITIS
complement
Immunocomplex DiseasesAllergic Diseases
• Arthur Reaction (vaccine,drug,insect bite)• SerumSickness (Protein & nonprotein drugs)
Nonalleric Diseases• Lupus erythematosus
• Vasculitis• Glomerulonephritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis• Acute allograft rejection.
Allergic Response TypeType (Group) IV
(Delayed Type Hipersensitivity or T cell mediated monocyte/ macrophage activation
or Cell Mediated Hypersensitivity)Exp:
Allergic Contact Dermatitis.Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
Photoallergic Contact Dermatitis.
Allergic Response TypeType IV (Abbas)
Delayed type hypersensitivity
Th1/Tc M
Activated macrophage inflammation
IL-2INFγTNFß
Tissue injury
Tc Tc
Cell killing & tissue injury
Targetcells
T cell mediated cytolysis.
Th0M
IL-12
Th2Th1
IL-2TNFß
INFγIL-10
IL-4 TGFß IL-5
DTH B Cell IH EosinophilIgE
promote
inhibit
antigen
CLASS SPECIFIC IMMUNE MEDIATORS DISEASES REACTANT
I Ig E Mast Cell and Atopy basophil-derived Anaphylaxis Uricaria/angioedema
II IgG,*Ig M Complement Immune hemolytic anemia, Neutropenia
III IgG,IgM Complement Serum Sickness (Immunocomplex)
IV T lymphocyes T cell cytokines Allegic contact dermaitis
DRUG ALLERGY
DRUGANTIGEN
CARRIER PROTEIN(TISSUE)
CONYUGATE SPECIFICANTIBODY
1. Native molecule
2. Hydrolisis/biotransformation products
3. Interaction of the drug/drug metabolite and the protein
4. Conformational change in the tissue protein
DRUG ALLERGY
drug
drug ordrug metabolite
drug ordrug metabolite
drug metabolite
IMMUNOLOGIC IN VIVO IN VITRO REACTION TYPE I Immediate skin prick RAST. ELISA and intradermal
TYPE II None Coombs
TYPE III Intradermal Arthus Test Precipitin Test RAST,ELISA
TYPE IV Patch Test Lymphocyte Proliferation.
DRUG ALLERGY TESTING METHODS
top related