14 crowdsourcinggi

CROWDSOURCING AND GI

JAVIER MORALES

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 2

AGENDACROWDSOURCING AND SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURES

Background

Crowdsourcing Principles

Examples

Conclusions

© Manuel Ramos

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 3

BACKGROUNDTHE ROLE OF GI

Geographic information (GI) was for generations produced and consumed by professionals

Societal processes land transfer, planning and development, risk management …that affect organisations and individuals.

Trend to develop mechanisms to bring GI closer to non-professional users

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 4

BACKGROUNDMODERN TOOLS

Web 2.0 high interactivity, sharing and collaboration, Interoperability, and real-time user-generated content

Web 2.0 apps social networking, blogging, wikis, video sharing, and Mashups

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 5

BACKGROUNDWEB 2.0

The users’ role has changedfrom looking for and retrieving content to active participation

everyone contributes to the common knowledgeof the group they interact with

© www.techscreens.com

Wikipedia, YouTube, Flickr, Wikimedia

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 6

CROWDSOURCINGWHY?

Organisations today have to operate in information-rich environments

They can no longer afford to rely entirely on their own ideas They cannot bet their success to a single product to the market

Traditional development which largely focused on

intra-organisational skills, closed off from outside ideas and technologies

is becoming obsolete

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 7

CROWD-WHAT?

Crowdsourcing

is the act of taking a job traditionally performed by a designated agent (usually an employee) and outsourcing it to an undefined,

generally large group of people in the form of an open call.

Jeff Howe

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 8

CROW-WHAT?

The crowdsourcing approach

a recognised entity posts a problem online a large number of individuals reacts they provide a small part of the solution to the problem solutions offered are exhaustive and not disjoint

This approach is popular because

web-based social technology makes it feasible & affordable to collect data using groups of individuals

such data is often more accurate indicator of current conditions in the real world than what can be obtained from data stored in databases

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 9

CROWDSOURCING PRINCIPLES

1. Formulate the problem properly Scope & purpose

2. State deliverables concretely (quality) let the crowd know exactly what is expected from them leave space for their creativity

3. Connect with the right crowd diversity (the question is answered from multiple points of view) scientists or specialists and a significant number of hobbyists

with knowledge in the problem domain

4. Deploy the appropriate crowd management scheme moderate discussion boards post provocative challenges & publish milestones

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 10

EXAMPLES

Ushahidi

GeoNames

Geonode

Google MapMaker

OpenStreetMaps

Aim at providing open data through the Creative Commons Attribution – ShareAlike license

data can be used freely and if you alter or build upon it, you need to share those alterations back to the community

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 11

OPEN DATA

Data is considered to be open if

it is and publish online, updated as often as possible, provided in a way that allows for its legal use for any purpose, and that allows easy processing with any arbitrary software program

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 12

OPENSTREETMAP

The OpenStreetMap project is a crowdsourced geospatial data repository, with a global cast of volunteers.

With the mission to create a free editable dataset of the world

It has been very successful especially In producing data fro places where it was very scarce

(rural & peri-urban areas) In keeping up-to-date datasets of rapidly evolving urban areas

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 13

OPENSTREETMAPA YEAR OF EDITS

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OPENSTREETMAPPROJECT HAITI - 2010

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OPENSTREETMAP

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SPATIAL DATASETSCROWDSOURCING IMPACT

Maps

Chia, Colombia

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OPENSTREETMAPCOMPARISON

Enschede

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OPENSTREETMAPCOMPARISON

GuatemalaCity

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SPATIAL DATASETSCROWDSOURCING IMPACT

Lahore, Pakistan in Google Maps

(before MapMaker)

Lahore, Pakistan in Google Maps(after MapMaker)

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SPATIAL DATASETSCROWDSOURCING IMPACT

Bolivia

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 21

USHAHIDIHISTORY

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 22

USHAHIDIWORKING APPROACH

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 23

USHAHIDIDATA INPUTS

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USHAHIDIEXPLOITATION

Disaster Response

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USHAHIDIEXAMPLES http://ushahidi.internewskenya.org/

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USHAHIDIEXAMPLES http://haiti.ushahidi.com/

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CONCLUSIONSCROWDS & SDI

Work on something relevant (or at least has the promise of being useful relatively soon)

Put the users at the center View users as important contributors Give them responsibility Enable ratings Derive metadata from usage

Make customization as easy as possible Enable mashups Unlock the visualizations

Index your data and become searchable

© Department of Geo-information Processing (GIP) – 27-Oct-2011 – 28

CHALLENGESRESEARCH ISSUES

Automatic validation an filtering of data inputs

Indirect geo-tagging (mining of social networks)

Automatic aggregation & summarizing of similar data entries

© Community FixIt

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