1.defn , role & importance
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Communication is the exchange of facts
ideas,opinions or emotions by two or morepersons.
George Terry
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Word communicate is derived from the latinword communicare which means to makecommon or to share or participate.
First & foremost it is a social activity.
Communication means to inform, tell ,show
or spread information.
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The sucessful transmission of informationthrough a common system ofsymbols,signs,bhvr,speech ,writings orsignals.
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Adminstrative Communication is a process
which involves the transmission and accuratereplication of ideas ensured by feedback forthe purpose of the purpose of elicitingactions which will accomplish organisational
goals.
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Continous Process
Needs proper understanding Leads to the achievement of the
organisational objectives
Dispels misunderstanding
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Building Human RelationsJob Satisfaction and Good Morale Prompt Decision and Its Implementation.Avoids Illusion
Maximum Production at minimum cost Basis of Managerial functionsa)Planningb)Organisingc)Direction & Leadership
d)Motivatione)Co ordinationf)Control
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Smooth Working of a business firm
Contact with external Partie
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Internal Communication
1. Effective communication promotes a spiritof understanding and co-operation
2. Business has grown in size
3. Business activity has become extremelycomplex.
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External Communication
1. Government Agencies and Departments.
2. Distributors, Retailers, Individual customersetc.
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Growth in the size of the organisation
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Growing importance of human relations
Public RelationsAdvances in bhvrl sciences
Technological Advancements
Motivation & Morale
Corporate Image
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To give &receive information
To provide advice
To provide counselling
To issue orders and instructions
To impart education & training
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Information (MIS, DSS,etc)
Control
Motivation
Emotional Expression
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An integral part of organisational process Direct supervision Two way Communication
Informal Communication
Listening Clarity Specific
Honesty & communication
Intrnal & External Result & Cause
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Develop an idea Encode
Transmit
Receive Decode
Accept
Use
Provide Feedback
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Downward communication
Upward Communication
Lateral Communication or horizontalcommunication
Diagonal or crosswise communication.
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Function of upward communication is to sendinformation ,suggestions , complaints andgrievances of the lower level workers to themanagers above.
It is more participative in nature.
In the past it was not encouraged, butmodern managers encourage it.
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Feedback
Release of tension
Suggestions
Mutual cooperation
Change
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Psychological
Hierachial
Ways to overcome limitations- ombudsperson
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Limitations
Distortion/ Dilution
Delay
Filtering
Too much or too less
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It helps to create mutual understanding andtrust between ppl and depts.
It facilitates cooperation and co-ordinationbetween different depts of the organisation
It helps in setting the interdepartmental and
intradepartmental differences without theintervention of the mgmt.
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It makes it possible to solve problems stlower levels
It is generally very effective because there areno status barriers.
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Communication that takes place when pplworking at the same level interact with thoseworking at a higher or lower level oforganisational hierachy and cross theboundaries of their reporting relationships.
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Coordination
Practicable
Morale boosting
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Fear of infringement
Resistance to compliance
Anarchy
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Formal Communication
Informal Communication
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A formal channel ofcommunication can bedefined as a means ofcommunication that isnormally controlled bymanagers or pploccupying similarpositions in theorganisation
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It is called the main line of the organisationsoperational communication
It includes the orders,instructions,&msgs thatflow up and down in the hierachial system
Letters, sales presentations ,advertising and
publicity material that go out to the public
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The formal channels account for the mosteffectiveness of the organisation.
Formal channels cover an ever wideningdiatance as organisation grows.
The formal channels because of their
tendency to filter information ,keep thehigher level managers from getting bogged.
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Formal channels of communicationconsolidate the organisation and satisfy theppl in managerial position.
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Formal channels of communication inhibit orstand in the way of free flow of information.
Time consuming
The formal channel may also incur a lot ofexpenditure in terms of money.
There are more chances of red tapism anddelay tactics.
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Man is essentially gregarious in nature..
The larger the organisation the more active therumours mill.
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It represents the unofficial channels ofcommunication which are created andcontrolled by ppl themselves rather than themanagement
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This channel follows no set of lines or definiterules but it spreads very fast and like thegrapevine in any direction and hence knownas grapevine
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Single strand chain
Gossip Chain
Probability chain
Cluster Chain
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Speedy transmission
Feedback value
Support to other channels
Psychological satisfaction
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Information is less credible
Grapevine does not carry the completeinformation
Grapevine often distorts the picture.
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