2 hardware installation of bts huawei
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Huawei
Hardware Installation Of BTS
Course No.: QA-HI-008
Compiled by: Engineering Center Service Management Dept.
Issue Date: 2004-11-15
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Table of Contents
Introduction to BTS312
Procedure to Install BTS312
Install BTS312 Cabinet
Install Antenna and Feeder System
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Introduction to BTS312
Most GSM base stations are BTS312 presently.BTS30 is seldom used. The features of BTS312
are as follows:Dimensions: 1880 mm 650 mm 500 mm (H WD)Weight (under full configuration of 12 TRXs): 330kgPower consumption (under full configuration of12 TRXs): 2400 WNormal working temperature: 1530 CNormal working humidity: 40%60%Transmitting frequency band (MHZ): BTS935~960 M1805~1880 MMS 890~815 M 1710~1785MA BTS cabinet consists of four subracks: onepublic resources subrack and three TRXcombiner and divider subracks from bottom up.
A single BTS cabinet can hold up to 12 TRXs.Combined cabinets are used to achieve thesynchronous cells of more than 12 TRXs. Amongthe combined cabinets, the cabinet that includesthe TMU acts as the basic cabinet and the othersas the extended ones. The extended cabinetsreceive the time and maintenance signals
through cables from the basic cabinet.
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Introduction to BTS312
RF schematic diagram of BTS312
3 Typical CDU-involved configurations - 6 or S6/6/6 P8
TTA (optional)
A sector uses a dual polarization sectorized
beam antenna (S6)An omnidirectional cell uses two single
polarization omnidirectional antennas ( 6)
Amplifier AmplifierFilter
FilterDuplexer Duplexer Combiner
Combiner CombinerCombiner Combiner 1-to-4
divider
1-to-4
divider
1-to-4
divider
1-to-4
divider
PA
PA
PA
PA
PA
PA
The left figureshows the majorparts of six TRXsof a sector or anomnidirectional
cell.
Only one SCUand thecorrespondingTRXs andconnectionaccessories needbe added to asector to expandS4/4/4 to S6/6/6.
Antenna
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Introduction to BTS312
Overall system architecture of BTS312
Mains
Generator
AC power
distribution
box
ACU
Rectifierunit
Cabling rack
BTS
BTS DDF
Transmission equipment(DDF, SDH, and microwave)
Antenna stand
Outdoor lightning
protection groundDCU
Battery
DCpower
distribution
cabinet/box Cabinet
Alarm
collectionbox
Feederwindow
Feeder
groundin
gclip
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Introduction to BTS312
earthing of BTS312
Tower
Grounding bar Ground loop
of towerOutdoor
grounding barGround loop
of building
DC working
grounding barAC grounding bar
Rack (indoor)
Protection
grounding bar
Building
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Procedure to Install BTS312
1. Preparation before installation
1) Personnel preparation 2) Documentation preparation 3) Tools
2. Check room conditions
1) Building conditions 2) Environment conditions
3) Power supply conditions
4) Auxiliary equipment 5) Lightning protection and earthing
3. Engineering plan
1) Engineering interface 2) Engineering coordination and cooperation
3) Engineering schedule
4. Preparation after arrival at customer's location
1) Engineering coordination meeting 2) View equipment room3) Unpack goods for inspection
4) Enter goods in equipment room 5) Start installation and commissioning
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Procedure to Install BTS312
2. Install board
4. Prepare and route
outdoor jumper
3. Install CDU
1. Fix cabinet
4. Install cables in
cabinet
8. Install lightningarrester
7. Install trunk cables
on DDF
9. Prepare and route
outdoor jumper
5. Install power and
earthing cables
2. Install TTA
(optional)
6. Install power
supply lightning
arrester
5. Install lightning
protection earthing clip
3. Route feeder
Hardware installation
check
Clean up engineering
documentation
1. Install antenna
6. Attach label
Procedure to install BTS312
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Install BTS312 Cabinet
A BTS312 cabinet can be installed:
On an antistatic floorOn a cement ground
There are the following three possibilities of installing the cabinet on the
cement ground according to the uniform load of the ground and the
distance between the cabinet rear and the wall opposite.To install the cabinet far from the wall. This is applicable when the rear of
the BTS312 cabinet is not less than 800 mm away from the wall opposite.
To install the cabinet near the wall. This is applicable when the rear of the
BTS312 cabinet is less that 800 mm away from the wall opposite.
To install the cabinet on a large base. This is applicable when the uniformload of the ground is less than 4 kN/m2. The large base decreases the
pressure of the cabinet pushing on the ground.
The distance between the cabinet rear and the wall opposite cannot be less
than 100 mm in consideration of heat dissipation.
I t ll BTS312 C bi t P iti
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Install BTS312 Cabinet Position
Cabinet and Mark Lines
Learn the uniform load of the ground in the equipment room and the weight of the
cabinet and batteries (the weights of different types of batteries are different). Position
the cabinet according to the reference dimensions in the engineering design drawings.
Position several marking points using a tape measure. Mark two 370-mm-spaced lines
parallel to the reference using a fountain pen. Position the mounting holes of the first
cabinet on the two lines based on the design requirements. Mark the mounting holes of
the other cabinets with these holes as a reference.
Inner wall or reference body
Cabinet door edge line
Expansion bolt M12
I t ll BTS312 C bi t I t ll
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Install BTS312 Cabinet Install
Cabinet Near Wall
Apply a base suite to connect the cabinet with the ground when installing the cabinet nearthe wall opposite to the cabinet rear. The suite consists of an upper frame and a lowerone. Fix the upper frame at the bottom of the cabinet. Fix the lower one on the cementground. Assemble the upper and lower frames to complete the installation.
Lower frame
Spring washer 12Insulation
shell
Mounting direction
Gasket
M12 nut
Large plainwasher 12
Insulation pad
M12X 80 explosive expansion bolt
Lower frame
Upper frame
I t ll BTS312 C bi t
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Bolt M12X35
Spring washer 12
Insulation shell
Large plain washer
Upper frame
of base suite
Install BTS312 Cabinet
Connect Combined Cabinets
Connecting holes
Shield cover and fastener of
side panel
Remove the shield cover andfastener from the side panelby which you want to combinethe cabinet with anothercabinet. Attach shield strip to
the outer surface around theport.
Place all the combinedcabinets in position. Alignthem closely. Connect themby inserting fasteners throughthe connecting holes (four) intheir side panels.
I t ll BTS312 C bi t I t ll
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Install BTS312 Cabinet Install
Cabinet Far from Wall
Align the mounting holes of the large basewith the corresponding expansion bolts. Fix
the large base on the ground using nuts,spring washers, and plain washers. Tightenthe nuts to 45Nm. Pay attention to theinstallation direction of the cabinet. Becareful to mount the insulation washers andinsulation shells when installing the cabinet.Fix the cabinet on the large base using boltsand washers. Tighten the bolts to 45Nm. Besure to apply large plain washers rather
than common ones.
Apply a large base to decrease
the pressure of the cabinet
pushing on the ground when
installing the cabinet far from the
wall opposite to the cabinet rear.
Extended base
Extended base
Connecting section steel
Basic base
I t ll BTS312 C bi t I t ll
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Install BTS312 Cabinet Install
Cabinet on Antistatic Floor
Install BTS312 cabinet on antistatic floor
Connecting holes for installing BTS312 cabinet
Upper support
Lower support
Mounting hole
Install BTS312 Cabinet
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(1) Port for data bus (DCF1) (2) External alarm ports (EAC1, EAC2) (3) 120 E1 ports (TME1) (4)Port for battery management signal cable (PWRC) (5) Clock ports (CKB1, CKB2) (6) Port for data
bus (DCF2) (7) 75 E1 port (TX, RX) (8) External synchronization clock port (SYNC) (9) Ports forcascading CDUs of combined cabinets (CDU) (10) Port for earthing cable of combined cabinets
(SHELLGND) (11) Ports for external power cables(12) Feeder input port (ANT)
Terminals on top of BTS312 cabinet
Install BTS312 Cabinet
Terminals on Cabinet Top
I t ll BTS312 C bi t I t ll
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Install BTS312 Cabinet Install
Power Cable of Alarm Box
The alarm box power cable has white,black and green cores.
(1) Connect the OT terminal of the whitecore together with the blue -48V/+24Vpower cable to one filter binding post.
(2) Connect the black core together withthe black -48V/+24V power cable to onefilter binding post.
(3) Connect the green core together withthe yellow PGND cable to the PGNDscrew on the cabinet top.
Note: For an environment monitor unit of220V AC power supply connect thecommunication ground to the PGNDscrew on the cabinet top. Connect the ACpower input cables still to the AC powerdistribution box.
Panel of alarm box
7 5. 5 %
2 5. 5
Other
Water
Door
Photoelectricity
Noise
Infrared
Fire
Smoke
Humidity
Temperature
April 8 10 : 23
Dange
r
evacuation
Alarm
notification
Alarm
handling
Norma
l
Lower
temperature
limit
Upper
temperature
limit
Lower
humidity
limit
Upper
humidity
limit
Setting
s
Times
etting
Install BTS312 Cabinet Install
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Huawei has adopted a new method to install the DC power supply
lightning arrester and E1 lightning arrester of a BTS. Huawei
replaces the existing power input box cover with a new one. The E1and power supply lightning arresters are designed to be in the new
power input box cover (on the cabinet top).
1. Install power supply lightning arrester
Keep the -48V/+24V end of the power supply lightning arrester facing theopening of the protective ring. Keep its end with the earth sign away from
the opening of the ring.
2. Install E1 lightning arrester
Keep the OUT/Equip end of all the E1 lightning arresters on the inner side
of the lightning protection box cover. Keep their IN/Line end on the outer
side of the box. The lightning arrester is useless when you install it in the
opposite direction.
Install BTS312 Cabinet Install
Lightning Arrester
Install BTS312 Cabinet Static
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Be sure to wear an antistatic wrist strap before touching the equipment or holding
a plug board, circuit board or IC chip. Keep the other end of the antistatic wrist
strap well grounded. This is to prevent your static electricity from damaging the
sensitive components.
The electrostatic discharge impairments can accumulate. The components are notdisabled when a slight impairment occurs. However, they will suddenly become
disabled when cumulative impairments are caused. The electrostatic discharge
impairments are divided into two kinds, dominant impairment and recessive
impairment. You might not perceive a recessive impairment immediately it occurs.
However, the impaired component will become more delicate and be in all
likelihood damaged under over-voltage and high temperature conditions.
Install BTS312 Cabinet Static
Electricity Protection
Connector of antistatic wrist strap
Install BTS312 Cabinet
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Huawei provides the RF cable suite according to the actual BTSconfiguration. Each cable has a number at either end, indicatingwhere the end shall be connected (make sure that the terminalsilkscreen on the panel is proper).
1. Do not bend a cable sharply in a too small bending radius,risking damage on the cable. The appropriate bending radius isgreater than 3 cm. Screw a SMA load on an idle SMA port of acombiner/divider. Be careful to connect the matched load to anoutput port of a divider to avoid an open signal output circuitduring the service. Check the cable routing. Make sure that all RFconnectors are installed. Prevent dummy connection fromaffecting the system service.
2. Tighten an RF connector using a spanner by appropriate force.Do not over-tighten or under-tighten it. Impart different torques todifferent types of connectors.
The receiving cable from the divider output port of a CDU to theRX input port of a TRX has a SMA connector at either end. Thetransmitting cable from the power output port of a TRX to theTX1/TX2 port of a CDU has an N connector at either end. The soft
jumper from the antenna receiving/transmitting port of a CDU to
the top of the BTS312 cabinet has a 7/16DIN connector (to thecabinet top) and a N connector (to the CDU).
Recommended torques for the various types of connectors are asfollows:
SMA: 0.6~1.8 N?m Recommended tool and manufacturer: 74Z-0-0-21 (Huber-Suhner)
N: 0.7~1.1 N?m Recommended tool and manufacturer: 74Z-0-0-
193 (Huber-Suhner)7/16DIN: 25~30 N?m
Install BTS312 Cabinet Install RF Cables
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The antenna and feeder system plays an important role in providing air
interface for the GSM BTS. Its engineering design and construction quality aredirectly related to the system performance of the entire BTS. Its installation is
the major part of the BTS system installation. The antenna and feeder system
installation normally consumes 70% of the entire engineering time. The
installation methods and procedures of different types of antennas in different
installation environments are different. The installation supervisor shall
determine the installation method and procedure rationally and flexibly
according to the engineering design documentation, the number of installation
engineers, installation environment and antenna type. Your safety during the
installation is also worth your much attention
The antenna and feeder system consists of the antenna, primary feeder, jumper,lightning arrester, tower top amplifier (TTA), and combiner and divider module.
Install Antenna and Feeder System
Install Antenna and Feeder System Procedure
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Check the installation site
Get acquainted with the engineering design documentation
Determine the installation method
Install the sealing window
Lift the antenna
Install the TTA
Cut feeders and attach temporary labels
Prepare feeder connectors and attach labels to the outdoor
part of the feeders Connect feeders with lightning arrester
Install indoor jumpers
Prepare and attach labels
Install Antenna and Feeder System Procedure
to Install Antenna and Feeder System
Perform the following procedure to install the
antenna and feeder system:
Install Antenna and Feeder System
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Apply different methods to install different types of antennas.
(1) Install a rod omnidirectional antenna on a mast at a side of the tower, on a stand ata side of the tower, at the center of the top of the tower, or on a mast on the top of thebuilding.
(2) Install a panel directional antenna on a mast at a side of the tower, on a stand at aside of the tower, or on a master on the top of the building.
A TTA has two 7/16DIN (female) RF ports. One is connected with the receiving antenna(marked with ANT). The other is connected with the BTS (marked with BTS). It isconnected with the 7/16DIN receiving RF port on the top cover plate of the cabinetthrough a jumper and feeder.
Omnidirectional
antenna Directionalantenna TTA appearance
Install Antenna and Feeder System Determine Installation Method
Install Antenna and Feeder System
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Install Antenna and Feeder System Lift Antenna
Lift antenna and feeder
Note: Take certain measures to protect the installation engineers and the antenna during the lifting.Wrap the antenna and feeder port to protect the port against paint peel-off and subsequent damage.Only an engineer that is in good conditions and does not catch acrophobia can get on the tower. Theengineer cannot drink before getting on the tower. The engineer shall use safety measures and getpersonal accident insurance.At least five engineers are required to lift the antenna and feeder on a tower. At least three engineersare required to route the feeder at the top of the building.
Install the antenna and feeder system in a fine day without strong winds if possible.
Windlass
Object to thetower
Pulley
Pulley
Install Antenna and Feeder System
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The horizontal distance between an omnidirectional antenna and thelightning rod of the antenna shall be not less than 2.5 m at the top of the
building.
For a directional antenna the azimuth error shall be within 5 and theinclination error within 0.5.
Antenna at building top
Note:The area that extendsdownward at a 45angle allaround the peak of thelightning rod is the protectedarea of the lightning rod.
Install Antenna and Feeder System Antenna at Building Top
Install Antenna and Feeder System
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An omnidirectional antenna shall be not lessthan 1.5 m away from the tower. A directional
antenna shall be not less than 1 m away fromthe tower.
The horizontal distance between the receivingand transmitting ends of an omnidirectionalantenna shall be not less than 3.5 m. Thedistance between the diversity receiving endsof a directional antenna shall be not less than4 m.
The vertical distance between the receivingand transmitting ends of a directional antennashall be not less than 2.5 m. The verticaldistance between the directional antennas onone stand shall be not less than 0.5 m.
The top of an omnidirectional antenna shall beon the same level as or slightly higher than thetop of the antenna stand.
An omnidirectional antenna shall stand upright.Its vertical deviation shall be within 2.
Antenna at tower top
Install Antenna and Feeder System Antenna at Tower Top
Install Antenna and Feeder System
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Install Antenna and Feeder System Adjust Angles of Antenna
The error of antennaazimuth measurementof shall be within 0.50.
Find mounting hole bymounting hole number
Install
directional
antenna
Find mounting hole bypitch angle of antenna
Install Antenna and Feeder System Install
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Suspend a lightning arrester between the horizontal
crosspieces of the cabling rack. Cut the feeder a proper length
apart according to the requirements for lightning arrest
position in the engineering design drawings. The lightning frame is the discharge ground of a feeder
lightning arrester. It is located physically indoors. It is actually
a part of the earthing system of the antenna and feeder system.
The lightning arrester is on the lightning frame and in
continuity with the frame. Insulate the lightning frame from the
cabling rack at a point about 1 m inside the feeder window
entry. Lengthen the distance if it is difficult to achieve that.
However, the point shall be as near as possible to the feederwindow. Connect the earthing cable of the lightning frame
straight through the feeder window to the outdoor copper
earthing bar.
Lay the feeders of one sector in one row and arrange all the
rows in consistent sequence when the feeders enter the room
in the direction parallel to the cabinet or opposite to the
cabinet rear. Lay the feeders of one section in one column and
arrange all the columns in consistent sequence when thefeeders enter the room in the direction opposite to the cabinet
front.
Attach the antenna and feeder label at a point 5 cm
from one end of the corresponding jumper. One
label is enough on each jumper because the jumperis short.
Feeder lightning arrester
Install Antenna and Feeder System Install
Feeder Lightning Arrester on Cabling Rack
Lightningprotection Equipment
Install Antenna and Feeder System
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Lead the earthing cable of a lightning earthing clip from the top down. The appropriate angle formed
by the clip and the feeder is not greater than 15. Wind three layers of waterproof and insulationtape around the clip. Wind the first layer from the bottom up, the second from the top down, and
the third from the bottom up.
Connect the earthing cables of the lightning earthing clips outside to the outdoor earthing bar
or well-grounded outdoor cabling rack.
Peel the antirust paint off the grounded point of the cabling rack. Recoat the point with antirust
paint after installing the earthing cable. Coat all the exposed connectors that are difficult to be
wrapped in insulation tape with antirust paint to guarantee good contact.
Install Antenna and Feeder System Install Lightning earthing Clip
Install Antenna and Feeder System
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Prepare 7/8" antenna and feeder connector(See the installation manual for more details)
Install Antenna and Feeder System Prepare Antenna and Feeder Connector
Install Antenna and Feeder System
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Install Antenna and Feeder System Route Antenna and Feeder Outdoors
Add a grounding clip to a feeder that
runs over 20 m at the building top
Apply a 7/8" feeder if the feeder need
run less than 70 m and a 5/4" feeder if
the feeder need run over 70 m
Ground the outdoor cabling rack
Outdoor grounding cable
Make a water curve for the feederoutside the feeder window entry
Outdoor grounding bar
Primary feeder Building top
Feederwindow
Feeder clip
There are two types of feederfixing clip: 7/8" and 5/4". Each
type can be further divided in two:
1-in-1 and 3-in-1. Mount a fixing
clip every two m of the feeder.
Install Antenna and Feeder System
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Make a water curve for the antenna and
feeder outside the feeder window entry.
Installed antenna and feeder
nameplates
Installed 3-in-1 feeder clip
Install Antenna and Feeder System Route Antenna and Feeder
Install Antenna and Feeder System
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(1) The letters on the feeder nameplates are described as follows:TX: transmittingRX: receivingRXD: receiving diversity
TRX: transmitting and receiving(2) The digits following the letters are described as follows:For an omnidirectional cell only one digit follows the letters. It indicates thetributary number.For a directional cell two digits follow the letters. The former and latter digitsrespectively indicate the cell number and tributary number.
Install Antenna and Feeder System Feeder Nameplate
Install Antenna and Feeder System
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1. Mount the feeder earthing clips at the following points:
1) Within 1 m of the primary feeder after the feeder leaves the tower platform
2) Within 1 m of the primary feeder before the feeder leaves the cabling rack
3) Outside the feeder window entry
4) Every 25~35 m when the tower is over 60 m high
5) Every 30 m of the feeder at the building topOutdoor earthing cable
sta te a a d eede SysteOutline of Antenna and Feeder System
* Install an antenna on a positionaccording to the design requirements
* Install the antenna in the protected area ofthe lightning rod (downward at a 45 angle allaround the peak of the lightning rod)
* Connect the antenna standand the tower securely
Grounded at the point within 1 moutside the platform
Fix a feeder grounding clip well to the nearby part of the towerLead the grounding cable of a feeder grounding clip from thetop down. The appropriate angle formed by the clip and the
feeder is not greater than 15
Add a grounding clip to the middle of thetower that is over 60 m high
Do not bend or kink a feeder and jumperNo copper sheet is exposed
Install the primary feeder and jumperproperly
The feeder connectors are standard,secure and waterproof
Arranges the feeders and jumpers neatly.Do not cross them.
*Nameplate of outdoor feeder
Grounded at the point within 1 m inside the
Add a grounding clip to the middle of thecabling rack that is over 1 m long
Grounded at the point within 1 moutside the feeder window
Keep the feeder window well sealed
Outdoor grounding cable
Feeder window
Outdoor lightning protection groundOutdoor grounding bar
Towerground
20 times of the minimum bendingof feeder pipes and jumpers
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