20 th century art

2020thth CENTURY ART CENTURY ART

EUROPEANEUROPEAN

Influenced by Cezanne's work on structure and formEmployed fragmented forms and multiple viewpoints Flat, jagged shapes-like a piece of broken glassRearranged compositions to explore shape Analytic Cubism-explore shape Synthetic Cubism-Collage Cubism Had a major influence on 20th Century art

CUBISM

PABLO PICASSO, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, June-July 1907. Oil on canvas,

Flat planes-no sense of depth or chiaroscuro for bodies Multiple viewpoints-figures seen from different angles Note influence of African masks and Iberian statues Begins Picasso's movement toward Analytic Cubism

PABLO PICASSO, Still Life with Chair-Caning, 1912. Oil and oilcloth on canvas

Synthetic Cubism

Incorporates oil cloth, chair caning, and rope

PABLO PICASSO, Guernica, 1937. Oil on canvas

Painted to protest an atrocity during the Spanish Civil War

Used fragmented forms and basic color scheme of black, white and grey to convey horror of the atrocity

Used a pyramid composition for dramatic effect

GEORGES BRAQUE, The Portuguese, 1911. Oil on canvas

Collaborated with Picasso in the development of Analytic and Synthetic Cubism

Cubist Sculpture

PABLO PICASSO, Maquette for Guitar, 1912. Cardboard, string, and wire (restored),

JACQUES LIPCHITZ, Bather, 1917. Bronze

ALEKSANDR ARCHIPENKO, Woman Combing Her Hair, 1915. Bronze

FAUVISM

First appeared at the Salon d' Automne in 1905

Non-representational color to express feelings

Influenced by Gauguin and Van Gogh

HENRI MATISSE, Woman with the Hat, 1905. Oil on canvas

Expressive use of color and shape

Two key movements-Die Brucke and Der Blaue Reiter

Die Brucke-bridge the distance between Germany's traditional art forms and the new 20th century art

Der Blaue Reiter-painters convey feelings about life and spirituality

GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM

ERNST LUDWIG KIRCHNER, Street, Dresden, 1908 (dated 1907). Oil on canvas

Disillusioned--expresses feelings of alienation

Garish use of colors

FRANZ MARC, Fate of the Animals, 1913. Oil on canvas

Paintings of animals

Colors express deeper emotional states

VASSILY KANDINSKY, Improvisation 28 (second version), 1912. Oil on canvas,

First European artist to paint nonrepresentational works

Colors and lines represent musical concepts

Called his paintings improvisations and compositions

MAX BECKMANN Departure 1932-33 Oil on canvas triptych,

• Best known for a series of symbolic triptychs

FUTURISMFUTURISM

Italian art movement Italian art movement

Rejects classical and Renaissance art Rejects classical and Renaissance art

Primary interest-modern technology, speed, Primary interest-modern technology, speed, motion motion

Exhibits elements of the following art styles: Exhibits elements of the following art styles:

• • Cubism-fragmented forms Cubism-fragmented forms Fauvism-arbitrary use of colors Fauvism-arbitrary use of colors Sequential motion photographySequential motion photography

UMBERTO BOCCIONI, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913 (cast 1931). Bronze,

GIACOMO BALLA, Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash, 1912. Oil on canvas

SEVERINI, Armored Train, 1915. Oil on canvas