2001 09 effects iberalisatione employment
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Dear
STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ELECTRICITY AND GAS LIBERALISATION ON EMPLOYMENT
ECOTEC Research and Consulting Ltd have been commissioned by the EuropeanCommission (Directorate General responsible for Energy) to carry out a study lookingat the effects of liberalisation of the gas and electricity sector on employment.
The aims of this study are to determine the profile of those groups of employees in thesector most likely to be detrimentally affected by restructuring and those groups whoare set to gain, as a result of increasing demand for their particular skills. In addition,it seeks to look at measures put in place at the company, regional, national and EUlevel designed to limit the impact of liberalisation on employment. As a result, we
hope to be in a position to make recommendations on the measures which can mostappropriately be taken at company, regional, national or Community level to limit anynegative impact of liberalisation and/or privatisation on employment.
We would therefore be grateful if you could provide us with information on thefollowing:
• Are there any labour market policy measures specifically targeted at limiting theimpact of liberalisation in the electricity and gas markets on employment (e.g.through re-training or redeployment)
• Are there any labour market policy measures which have found widespreadapplication in areas affected by the impact of electricity and gas liberalisation
• Are their any regional support measures targeted at areas affected by liberalisationand restructuring in the gas and electricity sector, which are designed to have apositive impact on employment opportunities
As we are aware that you may not be able to provide answers to the above questionsyourself, I would be grateful if you could circulate this information request to any
colleagues who may be able to assist with information.
Yours sincerely
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The Effects of the Liberalisation of the Electricity and Gas Sectors on Employment
Country case studies
ECOTEC was commissioned by DG Energy and DG Social Affairs to carry out astudy of the qualitative impact of the liberalisation of the electricity and gas marketson employment. The steering committee for the study also involves the Europeansocial partner organisations for the sectors (the European Public Services Union, theEuropean Mine and Chemical Employees Federation, Eurelectric and Eurogas).
Previous studies (see our report) have already established that the break-up of statemonopolies and the widening of competition have had a quantitative effect onemployment – in many cases leading to a significant reduction in employment. Theaim of our study is not to carry out a further quantification of job losses, but aqualitative assessment of the profile of individuals loosing (or gaining) employment.
As it is impossible to gather such qualitative information on a comparative scale atEuropean level, case studies are to be carried out in 5 member states to establish theprofile of employment change and to chart any measures taken at company, sectoral,regional or national level to alleviate any negative employment effects of liberalisation and restructuring.
The case study countries are:
GermanyIreland
ItalySwedenUK
In each country respondents in the following bodies are to be approached:
3 individual employers - 2 in electricity one in gas (employer representatives andworks council representatives if appropriate)employer organisations for the gas and electricity sectortrade unions representing workers in the gas and electricity sector
regional or national government agencies responsible for energy and labour marketpolicygas/electricity regulator
Questions for individual employers:
What has been the timetable for restructuring in this company (e.g. de-nationalisation,mergers, demergers) and to what extent was this influenced by the liberalisation of themarket (or the result of other factors – which)
What has been the impact of these developments on employment – timing of joblosses/gains. Companies must be able to provide detailed occupational breakdowns of
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staff loosing or gaining jobs. Which sections of the business experienced greatest joblosses/gains. These should give any insight into the skill levels held by these membersof staff (e.g. were they highly skilled, skilled, unskilled, where the skills specific tothe electricity or gas sector or were they transferable). Should also explore ageprofile/sex of those losing/gaining jobs.
Explore the extent to which there has been outsourcing or certain functions – whichfunctions, were staff laid off, were same staff employed with new contractor, howmany staff are employed with new contractor, what are their skill levels – impact onworking conditions
To what extent have job reductions been effected through voluntary early retirement –has the level of packages changed in recent years – what age group is affected
Have any measures been taken at company, sectoral, regional, national or European
(funded) level to alleviate pressures on jobs or to transfer staff to other parts of thebusiness/re-skill them etc.
How successful have these measures been
Assess main objectives, target groups, budget/timing, bodies in charge of formulation/implementation, expected results, actual results, unanticipatedconsequences, policy interactions with other measures
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