2005 report building education/service partnerships: the service perspective
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2005 Report 2005 Report Building Education/Service Building Education/Service Partnerships: Partnerships: The Service PerspectiveThe Service Perspective
California Institute for Nursing & Health CareOptimizing the Health of Californians through Nursing Excellence c i n h c
2005 Chief Nursing Officer 2005 Chief Nursing Officer (CNO) Survey Background (CNO) Survey Background
20052005Sample size: 156 data submissions Sample size: 156 data submissions
received received Data represents 172 acute care facilitiesData represents 172 acute care facilities 375 surveys sent; 46% response rate375 surveys sent; 46% response rate Data represents the period of January 1, Data represents the period of January 1,
2005 through September 30, 20052005 through September 30, 2005 Reporting period was December 2005Reporting period was December 2005
Background Information Background Information California’s Nursing California’s Nursing
ShortageShortage In 2004, California ranked 50In 2004, California ranked 50thth in supply in supply
of nurses per capitaof nurses per capita Nearly 45% of the current California RN Nearly 45% of the current California RN
workforce was educated outside the workforce was educated outside the state or countrystate or country
Over 70% of current graduates are Over 70% of current graduates are educated in associate degree programseducated in associate degree programs
California faces a shortfall of up to California faces a shortfall of up to 116,000 RNs by 2020116,000 RNs by 2020
Careforce Consulting Group 2003
CINHC & HASCCINHC & HASC
History of InitiativesHistory of Initiatives Initiated in 2001 by the Hospital Initiated in 2001 by the Hospital
Association of Southern California, a Association of Southern California, a regional healthcare associationregional healthcare association
Primary Objective: Increasing local nursing Primary Objective: Increasing local nursing school enrollments by 400 in 2 yearsschool enrollments by 400 in 2 years
HASC outcomes have resulted in an HASC outcomes have resulted in an increase of over 1400 slots over a 5 year increase of over 1400 slots over a 5 year periodperiod
Bay Area Survey conducted in 2003 Bay Area Survey conducted in 2003
Survey Sample by Survey Sample by California RegionCalifornia Region
Northern45%
San Diego6%
Southern49%
(76)
(10)
(70)
Survey Sample - Northern Survey Sample - Northern CACA (HCNCC Areas)(HCNCC Areas)
Northern Sierra/Redwood
6%
North Coast 4%
East Bay 9%
Sacramento Sierra 6%
Central California 10%
South Bay 7%
West Bay 3%
(9)
(16)
(11) (4)
(14)
(6)
(10)
Survey Sample - Southern Survey Sample - Southern CA CA
(HASC Areas – including San Diego)(HASC Areas – including San Diego)
Los Angeles/Central
8%
Santa Barbara/Ventura
3%
San Diego 6%
San Gabriel 7%
Coast 5%
Harbor 6%Inland
7%
Northwestern 4%
Orange 8%
(12)
(7)
(13)
(11) (9)
(8)
(5)
(11)
(10)
Participation by Economic Participation by Economic RegionsRegions
RespondentRespondentss
Economic RegionsEconomic Regions %% ##Northern CaliforniaNorthern California 6%6% 99Northern Sacramento Northern Sacramento ValleyValley
3%3% 55
Greater SacramentoGreater Sacramento 1%1% 22Bay AreaBay Area 19%19% 2929San Joaquin ValleySan Joaquin Valley 12%12% 1818Central SierraCentral Sierra 2%2% 33Central CoastCentral Coast 4%4% 77Southern California ISouthern California I 32%32% 5050Southern California IISouthern California II 16%16% 2323Southern BorderSouthern Border 6%6% 1010
CNO’s Perception of CNO’s Perception of ShortageShortage
(n=132)(n=132) CurrentCurrent One Year One Year AgoAgo
## %% ## %%
A surplus of RN resources, A surplus of RN resources, requiring cancellations, requiring cancellations, and/or layoffsand/or layoffs
11 .8%.8% 33 2%2%
Adequate RN resources in all Adequate RN resources in all clinical areasclinical areas
88 6%6% 33 2%2%
A mild RN shortage: RN A mild RN shortage: RN shortages on some shifts in shortages on some shifts in limited clinical areaslimited clinical areas
4949 37%37% 4444 33%33%
A moderate shortage: RN A moderate shortage: RN shortages in many clinical shortages in many clinical areasareas
5555 42%42% 5656 42%42%
A severe RN shortage: RN A severe RN shortage: RN shortage across entire shortage across entire facilityfacility
1919 14%14% 2626 20%20%
Response to the ShortageResponse to the Shortage
85%77%
72%
22%16%
0%11%
0%10%20%30%
40%50%60%70%80%90%
Overtime/Extra Shifts
Travelers
Temporary Agency
Increase Use of LVNs
Temporary Limit ofClinical ServicesPermanent Closure ofServicesOther
Costly Expenses for Costly Expenses for Temporary SolutionsTemporary Solutions
CategoryCategory # (%)# (%) Average 2005 Average 2005 ExpenseExpense
Contract Labor Contract Labor (including (including travelers)travelers)
81 (52%)81 (52%) $2,899,028$2,899,028($7,000 - $9,705,514)($7,000 - $9,705,514)
Overtime Overtime (excluding 12 (excluding 12 hour shifts)hour shifts)
80 (51%)80 (51%) $2,326,344$2,326,344($5,000 – $13,035,432)($5,000 – $13,035,432)
Hiring BonusHiring Bonus 56 (36%)56 (36%) $172,043$172,043($2,000 – $1,575,000)($2,000 – $1,575,000)
Employee Referral Employee Referral BonusBonus
59 (37%)59 (37%) $55,365$55,365($100 - $500,000)($100 - $500,000)
Incentives Bonus, Incentives Bonus, above overtime, above overtime, for working extra for working extra shiftsshifts
44 (28%)44 (28%) $633,059$633,059($5 - $3,600,000)($5 - $3,600,000)
Foreign Nurse Recruitment Foreign Nurse Recruitment (Statewide)(Statewide)
43% of hospitals have engaged in foreign 43% of hospitals have engaged in foreign nurse recruitment in last 2 years (68 nurse recruitment in last 2 years (68 respondents)respondents)
30% are actively recruiting (47 30% are actively recruiting (47 respondents) respondents)
35% of hospitals are considering in the 35% of hospitals are considering in the future (54 respondents)future (54 respondents)
25% are considering and have rejected 25% are considering and have rejected (39 respondents)(39 respondents)
Recruitment cost per foreign nurse Recruitment cost per foreign nurse averages $19,914 ($2,500 – $80,000) averages $19,914 ($2,500 – $80,000)
Foreign Nurse Recruitment Foreign Nurse Recruitment by Economic Regionby Economic Region
EngageEngagedd
(N = (N = 68)68)
ActiveActive(N = (N = 47)47)
ConsiderinConsideringg
(N = 54)(N = 54)
RejecteRejectedd
(N = (N = 39)39)
Northern California Northern California 3% (2)3% (2) 2% (1)2% (1) 4% (2)4% (2) 10% (4)10% (4)Northern Sacramento Northern Sacramento ValleyValley
1% (1)1% (1) 2% (1)2% (1) 4% (2)4% (2) 8% (3)8% (3)
Greater SacramentoGreater Sacramento 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 3% (1)3% (1)Bay AreaBay Area 16%(11)16%(11) 11% (5)11% (5) 17% (9)17% (9) 21% (8)21% (8)San Joaquin ValleySan Joaquin Valley 21% 21%
(14)(14)23% 23% (11)(11)
17% (9)17% (9) 5% (2)5% (2)
Central SierraCentral Sierra 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 3% (1)3% (1)Central CoastCentral Coast 6% (4)6% (4) 11% (5)11% (5) 7% (4)7% (4) 3% (1)3% (1)Southern California ISouthern California I 26% 26%
(18)(18)28% 28% (13)(13)
35% (19)35% (19) 31% 31% (12)(12)
Southern California IISouthern California II 18% 18% (12)(12)
15% (7)15% (7) 11% (6)11% (6) 15% (6)15% (6)
Southern BorderSouthern Border 9% (6)9% (6) 9% (4)9% (4) 6% (3)6% (3) 3% (1)3% (1)
RN Vacancy TrendsRN Vacancy Trends(Statewide)(Statewide)
Steady30%
Increasing28%
Decreasing42%
Most report a decline in Most report a decline in vacancy rate over the vacancy rate over the last yearlast year
The average vacancy rate The average vacancy rate is 12% (Range: 2% - 10% is 12% (Range: 2% - 10% - 46%)- 46%)
76% define vacancy as 76% define vacancy as unfilled budgeted unfilled budgeted positions that are positions that are currently being recruited currently being recruited for even if filled by for even if filled by traveler staff or other traveler staff or other temporary stafftemporary staff
105 facilities reported 105 facilities reported 9,304 vacancy positions9,304 vacancy positions
Average Vacancy Rate by Average Vacancy Rate by Economic RegionEconomic Region
VacancVacancyy
##
Economic RegionsEconomic Regions RateRate Resp.Resp.Northern CaliforniaNorthern California 9%9% 66Northern Sacramento Northern Sacramento ValleyValley
13%13% 33
Greater SacramentoGreater Sacramento 3%3% 11Bay AreaBay Area 8%8% 2626San Joaquin ValleySan Joaquin Valley 11%11% 1515Central SierraCentral Sierra 7%7% 33Central CoastCentral Coast 17%17% 77Southern California ISouthern California I 14%14% 3939Southern California IISouthern California II 14%14% 1717Southern BorderSouthern Border 13%13% 88
Improving New Graduate Improving New Graduate Retention Retention (Statewide)(Statewide)
94% of respondents monitor 94% of respondents monitor turnover/retention of nursing staff and turnover/retention of nursing staff and 86% monitors why nurses leave86% monitors why nurses leave
133 respondents reported an average 133 respondents reported an average RN turnover rate of 9.4%RN turnover rate of 9.4%
MedianMedian6 Months (n=104)6 Months (n=104) 71%71%12 Months (n=105)12 Months (n=105) 72%72%2 Years (n=87)2 Years (n=87) 57%57%
New Graduate Retention Rates
New Graduate Retention Rates New Graduate Retention Rates by Economic Regionby Economic Region
Avg. Retention RatesAvg. Retention RatesEconomic RegionsEconomic Regions 6 mo.6 mo. 12 12
mos.mos.2 yrs.2 yrs.
Northern CaliforniaNorthern California 90%90% 90%90% 58%58%Northern Sacramento Northern Sacramento ValleyValley
67%67% 67%67% 42%42%
Greater SacramentoGreater Sacramento 100%100% 95%95% 85%85%Bay AreaBay Area 71%71% 69%69% 65%65%San Joaquin ValleySan Joaquin Valley 96%96% 91%91% 76%76%Central SierraCentral Sierra 100%100% 100%100% 87%87%Central CoastCentral Coast 57%57% 59%59% 49%49%Southern California ISouthern California I 63%63% 61%61% 47%47%Southern California IISouthern California II 61%61% 82%82% 47%47%Southern BorderSouthern Border 77%77% 65%65% 55%55%
Average Turnover Rate by Average Turnover Rate by Economic RegionEconomic Region
TurnoveTurnoverr
##
Economic RegionsEconomic Regions RateRate Resp.Resp.Northern CaliforniaNorthern California 7%7% 55Northern Sacramento Northern Sacramento ValleyValley
8%8% 44
Greater SacramentoGreater Sacramento 6%6% 22Bay AreaBay Area 7%7% 2525San Joaquin ValleySan Joaquin Valley 9%9% 1616Central SierraCentral Sierra 7%7% 33Central CoastCentral Coast 15%15% 77Southern California ISouthern California I 8%8% 4242Southern California IISouthern California II 13%13% 2020Southern BorderSouthern Border 12%12% 99
New Graduate New Graduate RecruitmentRecruitment
94% of respondents hire new graduate RNs94% of respondents hire new graduate RNs Number of new graduates hired/plan to hire:Number of new graduates hired/plan to hire:
20042004 20052005 20062006# Respondents# Respondents 105105 125125 115115Total New Grads Total New Grads HiredHired
4,9554,955 5,685,6844
6,286,2888
New Graduate RN New Graduate RN OrientationOrientation
Average number of days of usual orientation:Average number of days of usual orientation:-- 41 days for new graduate hires (131 41 days for new graduate hires (131 respondents)respondents)
Average cost of usual orientation per nurse:Average cost of usual orientation per nurse:-- $15,600 for new graduate hires and $15,600 for new graduate hires and range from $1,726 - $50,000 (65 range from $1,726 - $50,000 (65 respondents)respondents)
Experienced RN Experienced RN OrientationOrientation
- Average number of days for Average number of days for orientation is 13 days (136 orientation is 13 days (136 respondents)respondents)
- Average cost per orientation per Average cost per orientation per experienced nurse is $5,600 and experienced nurse is $5,600 and range from $400 - $40,000 (60 range from $400 - $40,000 (60 respondents)respondents)
New Graduate Clinical New Graduate Clinical InternshipInternship
74% (116 respondents) provide a 74% (116 respondents) provide a new graduate clinical internship new graduate clinical internship program that extends beyond regular program that extends beyond regular nursing orientationnursing orientation
These programs extend beyond the These programs extend beyond the regular nursing orientation an regular nursing orientation an average of 41 days (103 average of 41 days (103 respondents)respondents)
Hiring New Graduates into Hiring New Graduates into SpecialtiesSpecialties
76% hire new graduates into specialty areas 76% hire new graduates into specialty areas and require a specialty training program (119 and require a specialty training program (119 respondents)respondents)
Program lengths vary widely depending on areaProgram lengths vary widely depending on area
Specialty Training Specialty Training ProgramsPrograms
Top reported specialty areas hospitals Top reported specialty areas hospitals require a specialty training program:require a specialty training program:-- Intensive Care - 66% (103)Intensive Care - 66% (103)-- Emergency Room - 56% (87)Emergency Room - 56% (87)-- Labor and Delivery - 53% (83)Labor and Delivery - 53% (83)-- Step Down/Telemetry - 51% (80)Step Down/Telemetry - 51% (80)-- Operating Room - 47% (74)Operating Room - 47% (74)
Specialty Program Specialty Program Orientation and CostOrientation and Cost
Avg. # Days Avg. # Days Beyond New Beyond New
Graduate Graduate OrientationOrientation
AverageAverageCostCost
ICUICU 4949 $18,80$18,8000
ERER 4848 $18,20$18,2000
L&DL&D 4747 $21,50$21,5000
Step Step Down/TelemetryDown/Telemetry
2323 $15,90$15,9000
OROR 135135 $31,10$31,1000
Faculty/Resource Faculty/Resource Commitment to Commitment to
EducationEducation 58% of hospitals have internal resources 58% of hospitals have internal resources
assigned to assist or facilitate student assigned to assist or facilitate student rotations (91 respondents)rotations (91 respondents)
42% of hospitals have staff functioning in a 42% of hospitals have staff functioning in a joint appointment (faculty/practice) (66 joint appointment (faculty/practice) (66 respondents)respondents)- A total of 386 staff serving in this role- A total of 386 staff serving in this role
36% of hospitals have additional masters 36% of hospitals have additional masters prepared staff who are interested and willing prepared staff who are interested and willing to serve as clinical faculty (56 respondents)to serve as clinical faculty (56 respondents)
70% reported that schools pay for the staff 70% reported that schools pay for the staff time for adjunct faculty (45 respondents)time for adjunct faculty (45 respondents)
Faculty/Resource Faculty/Resource Commitment to EducationCommitment to Education
ResourcesResourcesAssigned Assigned
to to Assist in Assist in RotationRotation(N = 91)(N = 91)
Staff Staff Funct.Funct.
In Joint In Joint Appt.Appt.Role Role (N = (N =
66)66)
Total Total ServingServingIn Joint In Joint Appt.Appt.RoleRole
Who Pays for Who Pays for Time?Time?
MSN MSN Prep.Prep.
NursesNurses WillingWillingTo ServeTo Serve(N = 56)(N = 56)
HospitaHospitall
(N = (N = 20)20)
SchoolSchool(N = (N =
46)46)Northern CaliforniaNorthern California 4% (4)4% (4) 3% (2)3% (2) 44 5% (1)5% (1) 2% (1)2% (1) 2% (1)2% (1)Northern Sac. Northern Sac.
ValleyValley 3% (3)3% (3) 2% (1)2% (1) 33 5% (1)5% (1) 0% (0)0% (0) 2% (1)2% (1)Greater Greater
SacramentoSacramento 1% (1)1% (1) 2% (1)2% (1) 1212 5%(1)5%(1) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0)Bay AreaBay Area
18% (16)18% (16)21% 21% (14)(14) 4040 15% (3)15% (3) 20% (9)20% (9) 20% (11)20% (11)
San Joaquin ValleySan Joaquin Valley 11% (10)11% (10) 14% (9)14% (9) 2424 15% (3)15% (3) 9% (4)9% (4) 14% (8)14% (8)Central SierraCentral Sierra 1% (1)1% (1) 2% (1)2% (1) 22 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 2% (1)2% (1)Central CoastCentral Coast 4% (4)4% (4) 5% (3)5% (3) 33 5% (1)5% (1) 2% (1)2% (1) 5% (3)5% (3)Southern California Southern California
II 33% (30)33% (30)32% 32% (21)(21) 196196 35% (7)35% (7)
37% 37% (17)(17) 36% (20)36% (20)
Southern California Southern California IIII 14% (13)14% (13)
15% 15% (10)(10) 6363 10% (2)10% (2)
24% 24% (11)(11) 11% (6)11% (6)
Southern BorderSouthern Border 10% (9)10% (9) 6% (4)6% (4) 3939 5% (1)5% (1) 7% (3)7% (3) 9% (5)9% (5)
Hospitals Capacity for Hospitals Capacity for Students Students (Statewide)(Statewide)
58% of reported hospitals feel they can 58% of reported hospitals feel they can absorb more students for clinical rotation absorb more students for clinical rotation (90 respondents)(90 respondents)
55% of respondents contribute additional 55% of respondents contribute additional support to schools. (86 respondents)support to schools. (86 respondents)
No significant difference in preference for No significant difference in preference for Bachelor’s or AD studentsBachelor’s or AD students
39% of hospitals will take LVN students39% of hospitals will take LVN students
Hospital Capacity for Hospital Capacity for Clinical Students by Clinical Students by Economic RegionsEconomic Regions
Absorb More Absorb More Contribute Contribute
Support Support Economic RegionsEconomic Regions Students ? Students ?
(N = 90)(N = 90)To SchoolsTo Schools(N = 86)(N = 86)
## %% ## %%Northern CaliforniaNorthern California 66 7%7% 33 3%3%Northern Sacramento ValleyNorthern Sacramento Valley 44 4%4% 44 5%5%Greater SacramentoGreater Sacramento 00 0%0% 11 1%1%Bay AreaBay Area 1111 12%12% 1616 19%19%San Joaquin ValleySan Joaquin Valley 1212 13%13% 1010 12%12%Central SierraCentral Sierra 11 1%1% 00 0%0%Central CoastCentral Coast 55 6%6% 55 6%6%Southern California ISouthern California I 2626 29%29% 2525 29%29%Southern California IISouthern California II 1919 21%21% 1313 15%15%Southern BorderSouthern Border 66 7%7% 99 10%10%
Clinical Capacity for Clinical Capacity for Student RotationsStudent Rotations
0102030405060708090
100 WeekendsM-F Off ShiftM-F Day
% of Hospitals with Space Available by Specialty & Time
What Kind of Students Can What Kind of Students Can Hospitals Take? Hospitals Take? (Statewide)(Statewide)
%% ##Associate degree RN studentsAssociate degree RN students 69%69% 108108Bachelors degree RN studentsBachelors degree RN students 69%69% 108108BSN degree completion BSN degree completion studentsstudents
59%59% 9292
Entry level Masters studentsEntry level Masters students 50%50% 7878Graduate degree studentsGraduate degree students 47%47% 7474LVN StudentsLVN Students 39%39% 6161
What Kind of Students Can What Kind of Students Can Hospitals Take? Hospitals Take? (Economic Regions)(Economic Regions)
AD to AD to RNRN
(N = 108)(N = 108)
Bach. Bach. RN RN
(N = 108)(N = 108)BSN BSN (N = 92)(N = 92)
ELM ELM (N = 78)(N = 78)
Grad. Grad. (N = 74)(N = 74)
LVN LVN (N = 61)(N = 61)
Northern CaliforniaNorthern California 6% (6)6% (6) 6% (6)6% (6) 7% (6)7% (6) 4% (3)4% (3) 3% (5)3% (5) 8% (5)8% (5)Northern Sacramento Northern Sacramento ValleyValley
4% (4)4% (4) 4% (4)4% (4) 4% (3)4% (3) 5% (4)5% (4) 4% (3)4% (3) 4% (7)4% (7)
Greater SacramentoGreater Sacramento 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0)Bay AreaBay Area 17% 17%
(18)(18)18% (19)18% (19) 13% 13%
(12)(12)17% 17% (13)(13)
19% (14)19% (14) 5% (3)5% (3)
San Joaquin ValleySan Joaquin Valley 11% 11% (12)(12)
10% (11)10% (11) 12% 12% (11)(11)
10% (8)10% (8) 11% (8)11% (8) 16% (10)16% (10)
Central SierraCentral Sierra 1% (1)1% (1) 1% (1)1% (1) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 2% (1)2% (1)Central CoastCentral Coast 6% (6)6% (6) 6% (6)6% (6) 7% (6)7% (6) 5% (4)5% (4) 7% (5)7% (5) 10% (6)10% (6)Southern California ISouthern California I 33% 33%
(36)(36)31% (33)31% (33) 33% 33%
(30)(30)33% 33% (26)(26)
34% (25)34% (25) 30% (18)30% (18)
Southern California IISouthern California II 16% 16% (17)(17)
19% (20)19% (20) 17% 17% (16)(16)
17% 17% (13)(13)
15% (11)15% (11) 15% (9)15% (9)
Southern BorderSouthern Border 7% (8)7% (8) 7% (8)7% (8) 9% (8)9% (8) 9% (7)9% (7) 8% (6)8% (6) 8% (5)8% (5)
Hospitals Financial Support Hospitals Financial Support to Students to Students (Statewide)(Statewide)
87%
27% 29%
59%
33%
34%
20%
0%10%20%30%
40%50%60%70%80%90% Tuition
Student Loans
Work Stipend
Scholarships
Loans
RN to BSN
Work Study
Hospitals Financial Support Hospitals Financial Support to Students to Students (Economic Region)(Economic Region)
TuitionTuition(N = 134)(N = 134)
Student Student LoansLoans
(N = 42)(N = 42)
Work Work Stipend Stipend (N = 46)(N = 46)
Scholar-Scholar-ShipsShips
(N = 91)(N = 91)
Forgivable Forgivable LoansLoans
(N = 52)(N = 52)RN to BSNRN to BSN(N = 53)(N = 53)
Work Work StudyStudy
(N = 32)(N = 32)
Northern CaliforniaNorthern California 4% (5)4% (5) 5% (2)5% (2) 2% (1)2% (1) 4% (4)4% (4) 4% (2)4% (2) 2% (1)2% (1) 0% (0)0% (0)Northern Northern Sacramento ValleySacramento Valley
3% (4)3% (4) 5%(2)5%(2) 2% (1)2% (1) 4% (4)4% (4) 2% (1)2% (1) 4% (2)4% (2) 0% (0)0% (0)
Greater SacramentoGreater Sacramento 1% (2)1% (2) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0)Bay AreaBay Area 19% 19%
(26)(26)26% 26% (11)(11)
17% (8)17% (8) 16% (15)16% (15) 21% (11)21% (11) 17% (9)17% (9) 6% (2)6% (2)
San Joaquin ValleySan Joaquin Valley 9% (12)9% (12) 10% (4)10% (4) 17% (8)17% (8) 14% (13)14% (13) 6% (3)6% (3) 9% (5)9% (5) 9% (3)9% (3)Central SierraCentral Sierra 1% (2)1% (2) 2% (1)2% (1) 2% (1)2% (1) 1% (1)1% (1) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0) 0% (0)0% (0)Central CoastCentral Coast 5% (7)5% (7) 5% (2)5% (2) 4% (2)4% (2) 4% (4)4% (4) 8% (4)8% (4) 8% (4)8% (4) 3% (1)3% (1)Southern California ISouthern California I 35% 35%
(46)(46)29% 29% (12)(12)
33% 33% (15)(15)
31% (28)31% (28) 31% (16)31% (16) 34% (18)34% (18) 44% 44% (14)(14)
Southern California Southern California IIII
15% 15% (21)(21)
14% (6)14% (6) 15% (7)15% (7) 16% (15)16% (15) 21% (11)21% (11) 21% (11)21% (11) 31% 31% (10)(10)
Southern BorderSouthern Border 7% (9)7% (9) 5% (2)5% (2) 7% (3)7% (3) 8% (7)8% (7) 8% (4)8% (4) 6% (3)6% (3) 6% (2)6% (2)
Hospitals Financial Support Hospitals Financial Support to Schoolsto Schools
• 55% of respondents provide financial 55% of respondents provide financial subsidies or support local nursing subsidies or support local nursing educational programs. educational programs.
• Financial support range between Financial support range between $500 - $2.1 million. $500 - $2.1 million.
3636
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