2011 social security fast facts, beneficiaries, ratios
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You are here: Social Security Online > Research, Statistics, & Policy Analysis > Program Statistics and Data Files > Fast Facts & Figures About Soc
Security, 20
Contents
Did You Know That...
Abbreviations
General Information, 2011
ncome of the Aged Population
Size of IncomeReceipt of IncomeShares of Aggregate IncomeRelative Importance of Social SecurityPoverty Status Based on Family Income
Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance Program
Earnings in Covered EmploymentInsured Status
Insured Status, by SexNew Benefit AwardsNew Awards to WorkersBeneficiaries in Current-Payment StatusAverage Benefit AmountsBeneficiaries, by AgeDisabled and Retired Workers, by AgeBeneficiaries, by SexAverage Monthly Benefit, by SexWomen BeneficiariesWomen with Dual Entitlement
Supplemental Security Income Program
Number of RecipientsPayment Amounts, by AgeFederally Administered PaymentsBasis for Eligibility and Age of RecipientsPercentage Distribution of Recipients, by AgeRecipients, by Sex and AgeOther Income
Fast Facts & Figures About SocialSecurity, 2011
http://www.ssa.gov/http://www.ssa.gov/policy/index.htmlhttp://www.ssa.gov/policy/data_type.htmlhttp://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/chartbooks/fast_facts/2011/index.htmlhttp://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/chartbooks/fast_facts/2011/index.htmlhttp://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/chartbooks/fast_facts/2011/index.htmlhttp://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/chartbooks/fast_facts/2011/index.htmlhttp://www.ssa.gov/policy/data_type.htmlhttp://www.ssa.gov/policy/index.htmlhttp://www.ssa.gov/http://www.ssa.gov/policy/index.html -
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OASDI, SSI, or Both
All BeneficiariesBeneficiaries Aged 65 or OlderDisabled Beneficiaries Aged 1864
Children
OASDI Beneficiaries
SSI Recipients
Social Security Financing
How Social Security Is FinancedSocial Security's Demographic ChallengeThe Long-Run Financial Outlook
Did You K now Tha t ...
SSA paid benefits to about 59.2 million people in 2010
Social Security provided at least half the income for 66 percent of the aged beneficiaries in 2009
Social Security benefits were awarded to about 5.7 million people in 2010
Women accounted for 56 percent of adult Social Security beneficiaries in 2010
The average age of disabled-worker beneficiaries was 52.8 in 2010
Eighty-five percent of SSI recipients received payments because of disability or blindness in 20
Abbrev ia t ions
AIME
average indexed monthly earnings
DI
Disability Insurance
ICA
Federal Insurance Contributions Act
RA
full retirement age
HI
Hospital Insurance
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Cost -of- l iv ing adjustm ent
Tax ra tes
Average w age index
OASDI
Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance
OASI
Old-Age and Survivors Insurance
PI Aprimary insurance amount
SECA
Self-Employment Contributions Act
SSA
Social Security Administration
SSI
Supplemental Security Income
Genera l In form at ion , 2011
Cost-of-living adjustment, 2011: 0.0.%
Tax ra tes , 2011 ( in percent )
Program Employee a Employer Self-employed
Total 5.65 7.65 13
OASI 3.59 5.30 8.
DI 0.61 0.90 1.
HI 1.45 1.45 2.
a. Recent legislation reduced the 2011 OASDI tax rates by two percentage points for
employees (from 6.2 percent to 4.2 percent) and for the selfemployed (from 12.4 perc
to 10.4 percent). The Department of the Treasury will make up the reductions in tax
revenue due to lower tax rates by transferring money from the general fund of the
Treasury to the OASI and DI trust funds. SSA will credit workers with the full amount
taxable earnings.
Average w age index , 20092011
Year Dollars
Increase fromprevious year
(in percent)
2009 40,711.61 -1.5
2010 (estimated) 41,843.71 2.8
2011 (estimated) 43,517.83 4.0
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Max imum earn ings sub jec t toSoc ia l Secur i ty tax es
Taxes payab le
Work c red i ts
Exempt amounts under there t i rement earn ings tes t
Age for fu ll re t i rem ent benef i t
fo r re t i red w orkers
Maximum earn ings
sub jec t to Soc ia l
Secur i t y taxes , 2011
( in dol lars)
Program Amount
OASDI 106,800
HI No limit
Taxes payable, 2011 ( in dol lars)
Type of earner Total OASI DI HI
Average earner 2,459 1,562 265 631
Maximum earner 4,486 3,834 651 No limit
Self-employedmaximum earner 11,107 9,495 1,613 No limit
NOTE: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.
Work credits (quarters of coverage), 2011:
$1,120 in earnings equals 1 credit$4,480 in earnings qualifies for the maximum of4 credits
Exempt amounts under the re t i rement earn ings tes t , 2011
( in dol lars)
Period Annually MontAge of retired person in 2011
Under full retirement age ($1 for $2 withholdingrate) 14,160 1,1
Full retirement age ($1 for $3 withholding rate) a 37,680 3,1
Above full retirement age No limit No li
a. The test applies only to earnings made in months prior to the month of attainment
full retirement age.
Age fo r fu l l re t i rement benef i t fo r
re t i red workers
Year of birth Full retirement age
1937 and earlier 65
1938 65 and 2 months
1939 65 and 4 months
1940 65 and 6 months
1941 65 and 8 months
1942 65 and 10 months
19431954 66
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Benef it fo rmula bend po in ts
Disabi l i ty thresholds
Maximum Soc ia l Secur i t ybenef i t
Trus t fund operat ions
1955 66 and 2 months
1956 66 and 4 months
1957 66 and 6 months
1958 66 and 8 months
1959 66 and 10 months
1960 and later 67
Benefit formula bend points (for workers with first eligibility in2011)
Primary insurance amount (PIA) equals
90% of the first $749 of AIME, plus32% of AIME over $749 through $4,517, plus15% of AIME over $4,517
Disability thresholds
Substantial gainful activity
$1,000 per month for nonblind persons$1,640 per month for blind persons
Trial work period
$720 per month
$2,366 per month for workers retiring at full retirement age in2011Higher benefits are possible for those who work or delaybenefit receipt after reaching full retirement age
Trust fund operat ions, 20102011
( in b i l l ions of dol lars)
Calendar year and trustfund Income Outgo
Fundat end
of year
2010 (actual)
Total 781.1 712.5 2,609.0
OASI 677.1 584.9 2,429.0
DI 104.0 127.7 179.9
2011 (estimated)
Total 807.7 738.4 2,678.2
OASI 700.7 605.6 2,524.1
DI 107.0 132.8 154.1
NOTE: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.
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OASDI administ rat iveexpenses
Benef it payment s
Workload
Supplementa l Secur i ty Incom e
Poverty thresholds
OASDI administrative expenses: Costs were 0.8% ofcontributions in calendar year 2010
Benefi t payments as a percentage o f g ross
domest ic product , 20092010
Calendar year Total OASI DI
2009 4.74 3.91 0.83
2010 4.79 3.94 0.85
NOTES: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.
Figures are subject to change.
Workload, f iscal year
2010
( in mi l l ions)
Type of filing Number
OASI claims 4.7
DI claims 3.4
SSIapplications 3.1
Supplemental Security Income, January 2011
Federal benefit rate
$674 individual$1,011 couple
Resource limits
$2,000 individual$3,000 couple
Pover ty t hresholds, 2010 (in dol lars)
Family unit Amount
Aged individual 10,458
Family of two, aged head 13,195Family of four 22,314
SOURCE: U.S. Census Bureau as of January 2011 (preliminary estimates).
ncome o f t he Aged Popula t ion
Size of Inc ome, 1962 and 2009
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Median annual income for married couples and nonmarried persons aged 65 or older has increasedmarkedly since 1962 (the earliest year for which data are available). Even after adjusting for inflation, medncome has risen 111% for married couples and 122% for nonmarried persons. A married couple is aged r older if the husband is aged 65 or older or if the husband is aged 54 or younger and the wife is 65 or ol
Median income o f aged un i ts , by mar i ta l s ta tus ( in 2009 do l la rs)
SOURCES: Data for 1962 are from Social Security Administration, The Aged Population of the United States: The 1963 Social Security Survey
of the Aged(1967). Data for 2009 are Social Security Administration calculations from the March 2010 Annual Social and Economic
Supplement to the Current Population Survey.
NOTE: An aged unit is a married couple living together or a nonmarried person, which also includes persons who are separated or married
but not living together.
Receip t o f Income, 1962 and 2009
Social Security benefitsthe most common source of income for married couples and nonmarried personged 65 or older in 1962are now almost universal. The proportion of the aged population with asset
ncomethe next most common sourceis similar to that in 1962. Over the 47-year period, receipt ofrivate pensions has more than tripled, and receipt of government pensions has increased by approximat0%. The proportion of couples and nonmarried persons aged 65 or older who had earnings was smaller 009 than in 1962.
Percentage o f aged un i ts rece iv ing income, by source
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SOURCES: Data for 1962 are from Social Security Administration, The Aged Population of the United States: The 1963 Social Security Survey
of the Aged(1967). Data for 2009 are Social Security Administration calculations from the March 2010 Annual Social and Economic
Supplement to the Current Population Survey.
NOTE: An aged unit is a married couple living together or a nonmarried person, which also includes persons who are separated or married
but not living together.
Shares o f Aggregate Incom e, 1962 and 2009
n 1962, Social Security, private and government employee pensions, income from assets, and earningsmade up only 84% of the aggregate total income of couples and nonmarried persons aged 65 or older,ompared with 96% in 2009. The shares from Social Security, private pensions, and government employensions have increased since 1962. The share from earnings in 2009 is about the same as it was in 196
while the share from asset income is lower.
Aggregate incom e, by source
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SOURCES: Data for 1962 are from Social Security Administration, The Aged Population of the United States: The 1963 Social Security Survey
of the Aged(1967). Data for 2009 are Social Security Administration calculations from the March 2010 Annual Social and EconomicSupplement to the Current Population Survey.
NOTES: The unit of analysis is the aged unit, defined as a married couple living together or a nonmarried person, which also includes
persons who are separated or married but not living together.
Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.
Relat ive Impor tanc e o f Soc ia l Secur i ty , 2009
n 2009, 88% of married couples and 86% of nonmarried persons aged 65 or older received Social Securenefits. Social Security was the major source of income (providing at least 50% of total income) for 54%
ged beneficiary couples and 73% of aged nonmarried beneficiaries. It was 90% or more of income for 22f aged beneficiary couples and 43% of aged nonmarried beneficiaries. Total income excludes withdrawaom savings and nonannuitized IRAs or 401(k) plans; it also excludes in-kind support, such as food stamnd housing and energy assistance.
Percentage o f aged un i ts rece iv ing Soc ia l Secur i t y benef it s , by re la t i ve impor tance o f benef i t s to
to ta l i ncom e
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration calculations from the March 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the Current
Population Survey.
NOTE: An aged unit is a married couple living together or a nonmarried person, which also includes persons who are separated or married
but not living together.
Pover ty Sta tus Based on Fami ly Incom e, 2009
he aged poor are those with income below the poverty line. The near poor have income greater than orqual to the poverty line and less than 125% of the poverty line. Nonmarried women and minorities have ighest poverty rates, ranging from 15.5% to 19.5%. Married persons have the lowest poverty rates, with.3% poor and 2.7% near poor. Overall, 8.9% are poor and 5.4% are near poor.
Pover ty s t a tus , by mar i ta l s ta tus , sex o f nonmar r ied persons, race , and H ispan ic o r ig in
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration calculations from the March 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the Current
Population Survey.
a. Current Population Survey respondents may identify themselves in more than one racial group. The "white alone" and "black alone"
categories reflect respondents who reported only one race.
OASDI Progr am
Earnings in Covered Employm ent, 19372010
People contribute to Social Security through payroll taxes or self-employment taxes, as required by theederal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) and the Self-Employment Contributions Act (SECA). The
maximum taxable amount is updated annually on the basis of increases in the average wage. Of the57 million workers with earnings in Social Securitycovered employment in 2010, 6% had earnings thatqualed or exceeded the maximum amount subject to taxes, compared with 3% when the program begannd a peak of 36% in 1965. About 84% of earnings in covered employment were taxable in 2010, compa
with 92% in 1937.
Taxab le earn ings as a percentage o f earn ings in covered em ployment and percentage o f w orkers
w i th m ax imum taxab le earn ings , se lec ted years
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Office of the Chief Actuary.
nsured Status, 19702010
he percentage of persons aged 20 or older who are insured for benefits has remained the same for the peveral years. To be fully insured, a worker must have at least one work credit (quarter of coverage) for eaear elapsed after age 21 (but no earlier than 1950) and before the year in which he or she attains age 62ecomes disabled, or dies. The maximum number of work credits needed to be fully insured is 40. An
ndividual is said to be permanently insured if he or she has earned 40 work credits. To be insured forisability, the worker must be fully insured and have at least 20 work credits during the last 40 calendaruarters. (Requirements for disability-insured status are somewhat different for persons younger thange 31.) Disability benefits are available up to full retirement age (FRA).
nsured w orkers as a percentage o f the cor respond ing Soc ia l Secur i t y a rea popu la t ion , se lec t ed years
Year
Population aged 20 or older Population aged 2064a
Millions
Percentagepermanently
insured
Percentagefully
insured Millions
Perceninsured
disa
970 135.2 50 77 113.2
975 147.5 50 80 122.9
980 162.0 53 83 133.3
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985 175.1 57 84 144.1
990 186.0 63 86 151.9
995 194.7 66 87 160.5
000 204.7 69 88 169.2
005 219.7 69 88 182.2
010 231.0 70 88 189.8
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Office of the Chief Actuary.
NOTES: The population in the Social Security area includes residents of the 50 states and the District of Columbia adjusted for net census undercount;ivilian residents of American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands; federal civilian employees and persons i
rmed forces abroad and their dependents; crew members of merchant vessels; and all other U.S. citizens abroad.
igures are subject to revision.
. Insured for disability excludes those over full retirement age.
nsured Sta t us , by Sex, 1970 and 2010
Although men are more likely than women to be insured, the gender gap is shrinking. The proportion of m
who are insured has remained essentially stable, with 91% fully insured and 81% insured for disability. a B
ontrast, the proportion of women who are insured has increased dramaticallyfrom 63% to 85% fullynsured and from 41% to 74% insured for disability.
Percentage o f popu la t ion in t he Soc ia l Secur i t y a rea fu l ly insured and insured fo r d isab i l i t y
benef it s , by sex
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Office of the Chief Actuary.
NOTES: The population in the Social Security area includes residents of the 50 states and the District of Columbia adjusted for net census
undercount; civilian residents of American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands; federal civilianemployees and persons in the armed forces abroad and their dependents; crew members of merchant vessels; and all other U.S. citizens
abroad.
Figures are subject to revision.
a. Insured for disability excludes those over full retirement age.
New Bene f i t Aw ards , 2010
Benefits were awarded to about 5.7 million persons; of those, 46% were retired workers and 18% wereisabled workers. The remaining 36% were survivors or the spouses and children of retired or disabled
workers. These awards represent not only new entrants to the benefit rolls but also persons already on tholls who become entitled to a different benefit, particularly conversions of disabled-worker benefits toetired-worker benefits at full retirement age.
ew aw ards , by type o f benefi c ia ry
BeneficiaryNumber
(thousands) Percent
Total 5,697 100
Retired workers and dependents 3,144 55
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Workers 2,634 46
Spouses and children 510 9
Disabled workers andependents 1,650 29
Workers 1,027 18
Spouses and children 623 11
Survivors of deceased workers 902 16
New aw ards , 2010
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Master Beneficiary Record, 100 percent
data.
NOTE: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.
New Aw ards t o Workers , 19702010
Awards to retired workers have increased considerably over the past four decades, but proportionately mess than awards to disabled workers. The annualized rate of increase over the period from 1970 to 2010.7% for retired workers and 2.7% for disabled workers. The annual number of awards to retired workersose from 1.3 million in 1970 to 2.6 million in 2010, while for disabled workers it increased from 350,000 in970 to 1.0 million in 2010.
New aw ards to re t i red and d isab led w orkers
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Master Beneficiary Record, 100 percent data.
Benef ic iar ies in Current -Payment Sta t us , December 2010
More than 54 million beneficiaries were in current-payment status, that is, they were being paid a benefit.Sixty-four percent of those beneficiaries were retired workers and 15% were disabled workers. Theemaining 21% were survivors or the spouses and children of retired or disabled workers.
enef ic ia r ies in c ur ren t -payment s ta tus
BeneficiaryNumber
(thousands) Percent
Total 54,032 100
Retired workers and dependents 37,489 69
Workers 34,593 64
Spouses and children 2,896 5
Disabled workers andependents 10,184 19
Workers 8,203 15
Spouses and children 1,980 4
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Survivors of deceased workers 6,360 12
Benef ic iar ies, by type
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Master Beneficiary Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.
Average Benef i t Amounts , 2010
Benefits payable to workers who retire at the full retirement age and to disabled workers are equal to 100f the PIA (subject to any applicable deductions). At the full retirement age, widow(er)s' benefits are alsoayable at 100% of the insured worker's PIA. Nondisabled widow(er)s can receive reduced benefits atge 60. Disabled widow(er)s can receive reduced benefits at age 50. Spouses, children, and parents recesmaller proportion of the worker's PIA than do widow(er)s.
verage month ly benef it fo r new aw ards and fo r benef i t s inur ren t -payment s ta tus ( in do l la rs )
Beneficiary New awards
Benefits incurrent-payment
status,December
Retired workers 1,193 1,176
Spouses 434 580
Children 545 577
Disabled workers 1,129 1,068
Spouses 290 287
Children 291 318
Survivors of deceased workers
Nondisabled widow(er)s 914 1,134
Disabled widow(er)s 667 681
Widowed mothers and fathers 821 849
Surviving children 752 752
Parents 960 998
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Master Beneficiary Record, 10 percent sample for 1988 and 19902005 and 100 percent data for all
other years.
Benef ic iar ies, by Sex, Decem ber 2010
Of all adults receiving monthly Social Security benefits, 44% were men and 56% were women. Eightyercent of the men and 61% of the women received retired-worker benefits. About one-sixth of the womeeceived survivor benefits.
Adu l t benef i c ia r ies, by type o f benef i c ia ry and sex
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Master Beneficiary Record, 100 percent data.
Average Month ly Benef it , by Sex, December 2010
Among retired and disabled workers who collected benefits based on their own work records, men receivhigher average monthly benefit than did women. For those with benefits based on another person's wor
ecord (spouses and survivors), women had higher average benefits.
verage m onth ly benef it ( in do l la rs )
Beneficiary Men Women
Workers
Retired 1,323 1,023
Disabled 1,191 931
Spouses of
Retired workers 366 585
Disabled workers 242 288
Survivors of deceased workers
Nondisabled widow(er)s 978 1,136
Disabled widow(er)s 499 691
Mothers and fathers 730 859SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Master Beneficiary Record, 100 percent data.
Women Benef ic iar ies, 19402010
he proportion of women among retired-worker beneficiaries has quadrupled since 1940. The percentagelimbed from 12% in 1940 to 47% in 1980, 48% in 1990, and 49% in 2010. The proportion of women amoisabled-worker beneficiaries has more than doubled since 1957, when DI benefits first became payable.he percentage rose steadily from 19% in 1957 to 35% in 1990 and 47% in 2010.
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Women benef ic ia r ies as a percentage o f re t i red w orkers and d isab led workers , se lec ted years
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Master Beneficiary Record, 100 percent data.
Women w i th Dual Ent i t lement , 19602010
he proportion of women aged 62 or older who are receiving benefits as dependents (that is, on the basisheir husbands' earnings record only) has been decliningfrom 57% in 1960 to 26% in 2010. At the samme, the proportion of women with dual entitlement (that is, paid on the basis of both their own earningsecords and those of their husbands) has been increasingfrom 5% in 1960 to 28% in 2010.
Women aged 62 or o lder , by bas is o f en t i t l ement , se lec ted years
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Master Beneficiary Record, 10 percent sample for 19932005 and 100 percent data for all other
years.
SSI Program
Number of Recip ient s, 19742010
he Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program provides income support to needy persons aged 65 orlder, blind or disabled adults, and blind or disabled children. Eligibility requirements and federal paymenttandards are nationally uniform. SSI replaced the former federal/state adult assistance programs in the0 states and the District of Columbia.
Payments under SSI began in January 1974, with 3.2 million persons receiving federally administered
ayments. By December 1974, this number had risen to nearly 4 million and remained at about that levelntil the mid-1980s, then rose steadily, reaching nearly 6 million in 1993 and 7 million by the end of 2004f December 2010, the number of recipients was about 7.9 million. Of this total, 4.6 million were betweenges of 18 and 64, 2.0 million were aged 65 or older, and 1.2 million were under age 18.
Persons receiv ing federal ly adminis t ered SSI payments, December
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record (Characteristic Record Extract format), 100 percent data.
Payment Amounts , by Age, December 2010
he average monthly federally administered SSI payment was $501. Payments varied by age group, rangom an average of $597 for recipients aged under 18 to $405 for those aged 65 or older. The maximum
ederal benefit rate in December 2010 was $674 for an individual and $1,011 for a couple, plus anypplicable state supplementation.
Average month ly federal l y admin is te red SSI payment
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record (Characteristic Record Extract format), 100 percent data.
NOTE: Amounts exclude retroactive payments.
ederal ly Administ ered Payment s, December 2010
A total of 7.9 million persons received federally administered SSI payments. The majority received federaSSI only. States have the option of supplementing the federal benefit rate and are required to do so if thatate is less than the income the recipient would have had under the former state program.
Type of SSI payment
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record (Characteristic Record Extract format),100 percent data.
Basis for El ig ib i l i t y and Age of Recip i ents, December 2010
ifteen percent of SSI recipients received benefits on the basis of age, the rest on the basis of disability.wenty-six percent of the recipients were aged 65 or older. In the SSI program, a disabled recipient is stilassified as "disabled" after reaching age 65. In the OASDI program, DI beneficiaries are converted to theetirement program when they attain full retirement age.
SSI rec ip ient s , by basis for e l ig ib i l i ty and age
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record (Characteristic Record Extract format), 100 percent data.
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Percent age Distr ibut ion of Recip ient s, by Age, 19742010
he proportion of SSI recipients aged 65 or older has declined from 61% in January 1974 to 26% inDecember 2010. The overall long-term growth of the SSI program has occurred because of an increase ihe number of disabled recipients, most of whom are under age 65.
Percentage d is t r ibut ion of SSI rec ip ient s , by age, Decem ber
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record (Characteristic Record Extract format), 100 percent data.
Recip ients , by Sex and Age, December 2010
Overall, 55% of the approximately 7.9 million SSI recipients were women, but that percentage varied greay age group. Women accounted for 68% of the 2.0 million recipients aged 65 or older, 55% of the
.6 million recipients aged 1864, and 34% of the 1.2 million recipients under age 18.
SSI rec ip ient s , by sex and age
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record (Characteristic Record Extract format), 100 percent data.
NOTE: Components do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.
Other Inc ome, December 2010
Over fifty-six percent of SSI recipients aged 65 or older received OASDI benefits, as did 31.5% of thoseged 1864 and 7.4% of those under age 18. Other types of unearned income, such as income from asse
were reported most frequently among those under age 18 (20.0%) and those aged 65 or older (12.2%).Earned income was most prevalent (5.0%) among those aged 1864.
Other income o f SSI rec ip ien ts , by source and age
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record (Characteristic Record Extract format), 100 percent data.
OASDI, SSI, or Bot h
Al l Benef ic iar ies, December 2010
About 59.2 million people received a payment from Social Security. Most (51.3 million) received OASDIenefits only, about 5.2 million received SSI only, and 2.7 million received payments from both programs.
enef ic iar ies receiv ing OASDI, SSI , or
o th
BenefitNumber
(thousands)
Total (unduplicated) 59,246
OASDI 54,032
OASDI only 51,334
SSI 7,912
SSI only 5,214
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Both OASDI and SSI 2,698
Dis t r ibu t ion o f a l l benef ic ia r ies
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Master Beneficiary Record,
100 percent data; Supplemental Security Record (Characteristic
Record Extract format), 100 percent data.
NOTES: SSI includes federal SSI payments and federally administered
state supplementation.
Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.
Benef ic iar ies Aged 65 or Older, December 2010
Benefits were paid to 38.1 million people aged 65 or older. Over 1.1 million received both OASDI and SS
enef ic ia r ies aged 65 or o lder rece iv ing
ASDI, SSI, or bot h
BeneficiaryNumber
(thousands)
Total (unduplicated) 38,108
OASDI
Total 37,214
Retired workers 31,161
Disabled workers 339
Spouses 2,108
Widow(er)s 3,606 a
Disabled adult children 77
OASDI only 36,067
SSI
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Total 2,041 b
Receiving SSI only 894
Receiving both OASDI andSSI 1,147
Dis t r ibu t ion o f benef ic ia r ies aged 65 or o lder ,
by program
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Master Beneficiary Record,
100 percent data; Supplemental Security Record (Characteristic
Record Extract format), 100 percent data.
NOTES: SSI includes federal SSI payments and federally administered
state supplementation.
a. Includes persons who received dependent parent's benefits or
mother's and father's benefits.
b. Includes 857,600 SSI beneficiaries aged 65 or older who are
disabled or blind.
Disabled Benef ic iar ies Aged 1864 , Decem ber 2010
Payments were made to 12.2 million people aged 1864 on the basis of their own disability. Sixty-twoercent received disability payments from the OASDI program only, 27% received payments from the SSrogram only, and 11% received payments from both programs.
i sabled benef ic iar ies aged 1864 rec eiv ing
ASDI, SSI, or bot h
BeneficiaryNumber
(thousands)
Total (unduplicated) 12,226
OASDI disability
Total 8,964
Workers aged 64 or younger 7,865
Disabled adult children 872
Widow(er)s 227
OASDI disability only 7,594
SSI disability
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Total 4,631
Receiving SSI disability only 3,262
Receiving both OASDI and SSI disability 1,369
Dist r ibut ion of d isabled benef ic iar ies aged 1864
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Master Beneficiary Record,
100 percent data; Supplemental Security Record (Characteristic
Record Extract format), 100 percent data.
NOTE: SSI includes federal SSI payments and federally administeredstate supplementation.
Chi ldren
OASDI Benef ic iar ies, Decem ber 2010
More than 3.2 million children under age 18 and students aged 1819 received OASDI benefits. Children eceased workers had the highest average payments, in part because they are eligible to receive monthl
enefits based on 75% of the worker's PIA, compared with 50% for children of retired or disabled workersOverall, the average monthly benefit amount for children was $545.
Number o f and average m onth ly benef i t fo r c h i ld ren o f w orker benef i c ia ries
Number of children of
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Average monthly benefit for children of
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Master Beneficiary Record, 100 percent data.
SSI Rec ipient s, 19742010
n 1974, when the program began, 70,900 blind and disabled children were receiving SSI. That numberncreased to 995,000 in 1996, declined to 847,000 in 2000, and is now 1,239,300. The relatively highverage payment to children (compared with payments made to blind and disabled adults) is due in part tmited amount of other countable income. The spike in average monthly benefits in 1992 is due toetroactive payments resulting from the Sullivan v. Zebley decision. As of December 2010, blind and disahildren were receiving SSI payments averaging $597.
Number of children under age 18 receiving SSI
Average monthly SSI payment to children under age 18a
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SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record (Characteristic Record Extract format), 100 percent data.
a. As of 1998, these figures exclude retroactive payments.
Soc ia l Secur i t y F inanc ing
How Soc ia l Secur i ty Is Financed
Social Security is largely a pay-as-you-go program. Most of the payroll taxes collected from today's workere used to pay benefits to today's recipients. In 2010, the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disabilit
nsurance Trust Funds collected $781.1 billion in revenues. Of that amount, 81.9% was derived from payrax contributions and reimbursements from the General Fund of the Treasury and 3.1% was from incomeaxes on Social Security benefits. Interest earned on the government bonds held by the trust funds providhe remaining 15.0% of income. Assets increased in 2010 because income exceeded expenditures forenefit payments and administrative expenses.
Sources and uses o f Soc ia l Secur i t y revenues in 2010
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SOURCE: 2010 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust
Funds, Table II.B1.
Social Secur i t y 's Demographic Chal lenge
he number of retired workers is projected to continue growing rapidly as the members of the postWorldWar II baby boom continue to reach early retirement age, and will double in less than 30 years. People ar
lso living longer, and the birth rate is low. As a result, the ratio of workers paying Social Security taxes toeople collecting benefits is projected to fall from 2.9 to 1 in 2010 to 2.1 to 1 in 2029. In 2010, current tax
were not enough to pay scheduled benefits and administrative expenses. The 2011 Trustees Report projehat this shortfall will continue in each year thereafter, and also projects that redemption of trust fund asse
will be sufficient to allow for full payment of scheduled benefits until 2036.
Rat io o f c overed w orkers to Soc ia l Secur i t y benef ic ia r ies
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SOURCE: 2010 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance
Trust Funds, Table IV.B2.
he Long-Run Financia l Out look
Social Security is not sustainable over the long term at current benefit and tax rates. Beginning in 2010, throgram is projected to pay more in benefits and expenses than it collects in taxes each year. By 2036 it istimated that the trust funds will be exhausted. At that point, payroll taxes and other income will flow intohe fund but will be sufficient to pay only 77% of program costs. As reported in the 2011 Trustees Report,rojected shortfall over the next 75 years is 2.22% of taxable payroll.
Soc ia l Secur i t y inc ome m inus cos ts as a percentage o f tax ab le payro l l
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SOURCE: 2010 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust
Funds, Table IV.B1.
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ocial Security Online Actuarial Publicationsww.soc ia lsecur i t y .gov
tatistical Tables Socia l Secur i t y Benef ic ia ry Sta t is t i c s
Number o f
eneficiaries by broad groups
etired workers & dependents
urvivors
isabled workers &
ependents
The table below provides unedited data from our Master Beneficiary Record. Sthe links at left for more detailed data.
The data can also be see in a graph.
Number o f benef ic iar ies rece iv ing benef i ts on December 31, 1970-2010
Year Tot al
Old-Age and Survivors Insuranc eDisabi l i tyInsurance
Tota lRet i red w orkersand dependent s Survivors
Disabw orkers adepende
970 25,700,924 23,035,295 16,566,674 6,468,621 2,665,
971 26,817,466 23,887,566 17,188,035 6,699,531 2,929
972 28,075,659 24,804,173 17,870,175 6,933,998 3,271
973 29,513,677 25,952,971 18,793,039 7,159,932 3,560
974 30,575,739 26,663,788 19,409,560 7,254,228 3,911
975 31,861,668 27,509,170 20,140,731 7,368,439 4,352
976 32,835,497 28,211,670 20,715,021 7,496,649 4,623
977 33,923,098 29,068,892 21,476,517 7,592,375 4,854
978 34,453,027 29,584,451 22,006,468 7,577,983 4,868979 35,012,958 30,235,740 22,617,898 7,617,842 4,777
980 35,526,086 30,843,914 23,243,078 7,600,836 4,682
981 35,930,048 31,473,774 23,859,047 7,614,727 4,456
982 35,777,795 31,804,330 24,362,481 7,441,849 3,973
983 36,033,976 32,221,046 24,971,472 7,249,574 3,812
984 36,438,574 32,616,770 25,435,753 7,181,017 3,821
985 37,026,698 33,119,529 25,958,585 7,160,944 3,907
986 37,683,434 33,690,155 26,524,806 7,165,349 3,993
987 38,171,185 34,126,461 26,970,080 7,156,381 4,044988 38,612,903 34,538,603 27,375,814 7,162,789 4,074
989 39,141,080 35,012,253 27,842,330 7,169,923 4,128
990 39,824,692 35,558,711 28,361,385 7,197,326 4,265
991 40,586,874 36,073,834 28,818,483 7,255,351 4,513
992 41,503,506 36,613,810 29,301,178 7,312,632 4,889
993 42,243,262 36,989,696 29,635,117 7,354,579 5,253
994 42,881,850 37,298,331 29,914,265 7,384,066 5,583
995 43,386,232 37,528,576 30,140,418 7,388,158 5,857
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996 43,736,183 37,664,149 30,310,865 7,353,284 6,072,
997 43,970,692 37,817,653 30,637,863 7,179,790 6,153,
998 44,245,506 37,910,936 30,813,491 7,097,445 6,334,
999 44,595,481 38,071,751 31,027,701 7,044,050 6,523,
000 45,414,705 38,741,343 31,756,099 6,985,244 6,673
001 45,877,465 38,964,222 32,045,800 6,918,422 6,913
002 46,444,296 39,223,028 32,347,974 6,875,054 7,221
003 47,038,475 39,443,023 32,633,335 6,809,688 7,595004 47,687,713 39,738,441 33,004,844 6,733,597 7,949
005 48,434,436 40,120,122 33,467,225 6,652,897 8,314
006 49,122,826 40,503,441 33,937,576 6,565,865 8,619
007 49,864,978 40,944,607 34,450,034 6,494,573 8,920
008 50,898,396 41,624,557 35,168,515 6,456,042 9,273
009 52,522,819 42,826,421 36,416,781 6,409,640 9,696
010 54,032,097 43,846,211 37,487,862 6,358,349 10,185
umbers above exclude transitionally uninsured beneficiaries. Benefits to such beneficiares are initially paid from the Old-Age a
urvivors Insurance Trust Fund and are subsequently reimbursed from the general fund of the Treasury.
onthly benefit data are available on those beneficiaries who are currently paid, grouped by benefit type as in the table
bove, or family type. The term "family" has a special meaning based on the concept of insured status. Data are also
vailable on benefits awarded.
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Frequent ly Ask ed Quest ions
Ratio of Covered Workers to Beneficiaries
Ratio of
Social Security Covered Workers to Beneficiaries
Calendar Years 1940-2010
Year Covered
Workers(in thousands)
Benef ic iar ies
(in thousands)
Rat io
1940 35,390 222 159.4
1945 46,390 1,106 41.9
1950 48,280 2,930 16.5
1955 65,200 7,563 8.6
1960 72,530 14,262 5.1
1965 80,680 20,157 4.0
1970 93,090 25,186 3.7
1975 100,200 31,123 3.2
1980 113,656 35,118 3.2
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1985 120,565 36,650 3.3
1986 123,400 37,322 3.3
1987 126,287 37,951 3.3
1988 130,142 38,420 3.4
1989 132,478 38,859 3.4
1990 133,672 39,470 3.4
1991 132,969 40,172 3.3
1992 133,890 41,029 3.3
1993 136,117 41,840 3.3
1994 138,197 42,516 3.3
1995 141,446 43,107 3.3
1996 143,909 43,498 3.3
1997 146,736 43,792 3.3
1998 149,692 44,075 3.4
1999 152,453 44,366 3.4
2000 155,295 45,166 3.4
2001 155,546 45,668 3.4
2002 154,894 46,176 3.3
2003 154,954 46,752 3.3
2004 156,900 47,367 3.3
2005 159,081 48,133 3.3
2006 161,852 48,863 3.3
2007 163,057 49,603 3.3
2008 162,485 50,420 3.2
2009 156,021 51,860 3
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2010 156,725 53,398 2.9
Notes:
Data for 1945-1989 from Table II.F19 of the 2000 Trustees Report. Data for 1990-
1994 from 2004 Trustees Report, Table IV.B2. Data for 1995-2009 from 2010 Trustees
Report, Table IV.B2. Data for 2010 from 2011 Trustees Report.
The following footnotes apply to these data:
1. The numbers of beneficiaries do not include certain uninsured persons, most of
whom both attained age 72 before 1968 and have fewer than 3 quarters of coverage,
in which cases the costs are reimbursed by the general fund of the Treasury. The
number of such uninsured persons was 179 as of June 30, 1999. Totals do not
necessarily equal the sums of rounded components.
2. Historical covered worker data are subject to revision.
3. Covered Workers is defined as those who are paid at some time during the year for
employment on which Social Security taxes are due.
4. Beneficiaries as defined as those with monthly benefits in current-payment status as
of June 30.
Monthly Social Security benefits were first paid starting in January 1940. Data for 1940
computed from Tables 4.B.1 and 5.A.4 from the 1998 Annual Statistical Supplement to
the Social Security Bulletin. The following footnotes apply to the 1940 data only:
1. Covered workers is defined as in the rest of the table.
2. Beneficiaries are defined as those with monthly benefits in current-payment status
as of December 1940. This is a slightly different basis than that used in the rest of this
table. Therefore the ratio for 1940 is only approximately comparable to the data for the
subsequent years.
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Security, 20
Rat io o f covered w orke rs t o Soc ia l Secur i t y bene f ic ia r ies
he line chart shows the ratio of covered workers to beneficiaries from 1955 to 2085. In 1955, there were.6 workers supporting each retiree. By 1975, that ratio had declined to 3.2 workers per beneficiary andemained between 3.1 and 3.4 over the next 30 years. Current projections have the ratio starting to declingain in 2008, decreasing at an accelerating rate until it reaches 2.1 workers per beneficiary in 2031.hereafter, it continues to decline by one-tenth of a percentage point approximately every 15 years, arrivi
n 2085 at only 1.9 workers per beneficiary.
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