3rd term pathology practicals

3rd term pathology slides and specimens

By-Mridul janweja

W2

CELLS

cholesterol g cell

eosinophil

fibroblast and endoth cells

foreign body g cell

langhans giant cells

lymphocyte

macrophage

neutrophil

plasma cell

tumour g cell

ACUTE APPENDICITIS (GANGRENOUS )L-124

Diagnosis:- ACUTE APPENDICITIS (GANGRENOUS )

WET GANGRENE SMALL INTESTINEL-31

Specimen of the small intestine. Two loops of bowel are seen twisted at the root of mesentery. The bowel appears oedematous and the wall appears thinned out. The bowel and the mesentery are uniformly black in colour. Two oval areas anti-mesenteric in position, about 2 X 1 cm in size, appear gangrenous and represent the herniated portions. Diagnosis :- WET GANGRENE SMALL INTESTINE.

DRY GANGRENE FOOT (WITH AUTOAMPUTATION OF THE 5TH TOE)B-5

Specimen of the right foot showing loss of the 5th toe with an oval ulcer at the base. The floor of the ulcer is depressed and covered with slough.

The big toe shows blackish discolouration and appears shrunken and mummified. The line of demarcation between healthy and devitalized tissue is sharp. Early discolouration of the second toe is also present. Diagnosis :- DRY GANGRENE FOOT (WITH AUTOAMPUTATION OF THE 5TH TOE)

CASEATION NECROSIS (Tuberculous lymphadenitis)F-3

The specimen is of multiple, matted, mesenteric lymph nodes. The cut surface shows replacement of the nodes by a cheesy necrotic tissue (caseation). Diagnosis :-CASEATION NECROSIS (Tuberculous lymphadenitis).

ABSCESS BRAING-2 Cut section of the left cerebral hemisphere shows a large cavity, 6cm in diameter, in the frontal lobe. The wall is thick and the inner surface is rough and granular. The liquefied contents of the cavity have been lost in mounting. This is an example of liquefaction necrosis. Diagnosis: ABSCESS BRAIN

INFARCT KIDNEYK-76

The external surface of the kidney shows an irregular pale,white areas. On cut surface, wedge shaped pale infarcts are seen with the wider side of wedge abutting the renal capsule.

Diagnosis:- INFARCT KIDNEY(coagulative necrosis)

HEART SHOWING COAGULATIVE NECROSIS (Myocardial Infarct)D-8

The lateral wall of the left ventricle shows a brownish discoloured area due to myocardial infarction, an example of coagulative necrosis in the myocardium. Diagnosis :- HEART SHOWING COAGULATIVE NECROSIS (Myocardial Infarct).

MULTIPLE INFARCTS SPLEENF-13 The specimen of the spleen shows multiple pale, wedge shaped areas with the broad end towards the splenic capsule. Some of these show a hyperaemic zone at the interface with the normal splenic tissue. This is an example of coagulative necrosis (due to ischaemia). Diagnosis: MULTIPLE INFARCTS SPLEEN

INFARCT HEARTD-2

Specimen of the heart. The anterior wall of the left ventricle shows marked scarring. Near the apex, the wall appears thinned and scarred and shows a dark haemorrhagic zone. The epicardium covering this area shows a fibrinous exudate. Diagnosis :- INFARCT HEART

ATHEROSCLEROSIS AORTA WITH OVERLYING THROMBUSD-60

Specimen of descending aorta and common iliac arteries. Advanced atherosclerotic lesions have caused ulceration and scarring of the intimal surface.

In its distal portion a large thrombus is seen covering a length of 5 cm of the aortic intimal surface. Diagnosis :- ATHEROSCLEROSIS AORTA WITH OVERLYING THROMBUS

CHRONIC VENOUS CONGESTION LIVER (NUTMEG LIVER)E-17/21

The specimen is of a slice of liver with gall bladder. The liver appeared slightly enlarged and its outer surface mottled.The cut surface shows a speckled appearance (nutmeg like) the darker areas representing central lobular congestion and the pale areas, periportal fatty change. Diagnosis :-CHRONIC VENOUS CONGESTION LIVER (NUTMEG LIVER)

TUBERCULOUS APICAL CAVITY LUNGC-1

The specimen is of the apex of the lung. A cavity 3 X 3 cms is seen with a well defined thick fibrous wall around it. Small foci of caseation can be seen in the adjoining parenchyma. The pleura overlying the cavity is thickened and shaggy. Diagnosis :- TUBERCULOUS APICAL CAVITY LUNG.

TUBERCULOSIS LUNG (PRIMARY COMPLEX)C-6

Specimen consists of both lungs, trachea, para-tracheal nodes, larynx and tongue. The upper lobe on the right side shows a small sub pleural focus seen as a grayish nodule 1-2 mm in diameter. A group of enlarged lymph nodes can be seen at the carina, two of which show caseation. Diagnosis :- TUBERCULOSIS LUNG (PRIMARY COMPLEX)

TUBERCULOSIS LUNG WITH APICAL CAVITY AND BRONCHOGENIC SPREAD (‘Tubercular bronchopneumonia’)

C-9

The specimen is of the lung. It shows a small punched out cavity at the apex and irregular caseating areas throughout the lung, predominantly peri-bronchiolar in distribution. The intervening lung tissue is consolidated. The bronchioles are ulcerated at places. Diagnosis :- TUBERCULOSIS LUNG WITH APICAL CAVITY AND BRONCHOGENIC SPREAD (‘Tubercular bronchopneumonia’)

TUBERCULOSIS LUNG WITH APICAL CAVITY AND MILIARY SPREADC-27

The specimen is of the lung. It shows an apical cavity measuring 2 X 2 cms, which is thick walled and well defined. The rest of the lung shows numerous closely packed pin-point 1-2mm, grayish yellow specks covering the anterior surface. There is evidence of fibrinous pleuritis. Diagnosis :- TUBERCULOSIS LUNG WITH APICAL CAVITY AND MILIARY SPREAD

CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS WITH HYPERTENSIONK-2

Specimen is of the heart and kidney. The kidney has coarse, irregular pitted scars on the external surface. The cut surface shows poor corticomedullary differentiation. The pelvis is dilated.

Heart shows gross left ventricular wall and papillary muscle thickening and prominence of trabeculations. The aorta is atherosclerotic. Diagnosis :- CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS WITH HYPERTENSION.

VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY DUE TO HYPERTENSION (HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE)D-42

The heart is enlarged and shows left ventricular hypertrophy. The left ventricular wall is thickened and the papillary muscles and trabeculae are prominent. The cardiac chambers are narrowed due to concentric muscular hypertrophy. Diagnosis :-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY DUE TO HYPERTENSION (HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE)

11 cloudy swelling

12. fatty change liver (2)

12. FATTY CHANGE LIVER

13..MUCOID DEGENERATION STOMACH CA

13mucoid degeneration

14. leiomyoma of uterus

15. MENINGTIS

16..APPENTICITIS

17.GRANULATION TISSUE

18,kidney cellular swelling

18..CV C LV ER

12,liver fattychange

19. Cvc lung

20.EDEMA LUNGS

21. Organised thrombus

22. Fresh thrombus

23 infarct splen

23,leiomyoma uterus.Hyaline change

23..INFARCT SPLEEN

32,amylodosis spleen

24. Infarct kidney

26.Casseating TB lymphadenitis

27,amylodosis kidney

27. fibr casseus tb lung

27..LUNG FIBROCASSEOUS TB

28. myctic granuloma

29. Rhinosporidiosis nose

30.lepromatous leprosy

31. T. Leprosy

32. Amyloid degenaration spleen

32..AMYLOID DEGENERATION SPLEEN

33. AMyloidosis kidney

33

40. Chr pyelonephritis

1

2

3

06092008163

06092008165

06092008167

06092008169

06092008170