45049-1299618204-9.3 - plant reproduction
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Plant reproduction
IB Syllabus 9.3
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Use the following to label the flower diagram below:
Style, stamen, sepal, filament, peduncle, ovary, anther, receptacle, carpel,
stigma, petal, ovule.
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Flower Diagram
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Structure and Function of the Flower Quiz #1
1. What is the male part of the flower called?
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2. What is the main function of a flower?
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3. What is the function of the carpel?
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4. Give one example of a hermaphrodite flower
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What is a Flower?
Plant organ forsexual reproduction
Flowers produce gametes (sex cells)
Flowers are necessary forfertilisation to
occur
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Parts of the Flower
Peduncle: flower stalk
Receptacle: part of stalk bearing the floral organs, at base of flower
Sepal:leaflike structures at flower base, protects young flower bud Calyx: all the sepals together form the calyx
Petal: located inside and above the sepals, often large and colourful,
sometimes scented, sometimes producing nectar
Stamen: male part of the flower, consist of the antherand filament, makes
pollen grains
Pollen: grains containing the male gametes
Pistil/Carpel: female part of the flower, consist of the stigma, style and ovary
Ovule: located in the ovaries, carry female gametes
Staminate flower: flower bearing only male parts Pistillate/Carpellate flower: flower bearing only female sex parts
Hermaphrodite flower: flower bearing both male and female sex parts
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Plant reproduction
Pollination Delivery of pollen to the stigma of the flower
Fertilization Fusion of nuclei from the pollen grain and from
ovule
Zygote produced
Seed dispersal Transport of seed to spread them in the
environment
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Seed structure
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Seed Germination:Emergence of Radicle throughSeed Coat
Water Warm Temperature
So if you want to store seeds what are the conditions? Dry Cold
Dormant seeds need more than moisture and warmth:
Thick Seed Coat
Thin Seed Coat
Insufficient Development
Inhibitor: Abscisic Acid
Inhibitor: Phenolics
Scarification
Light
Soil Fungus Association
Stratification > Vernalization
Leaching by Repeated Rain
Kentucky Coffee Tree
Lettuce
Orchids
Most CT feral plants
Cacti
Darkor or Pea
Dormancy is caused by: Is overcome by: Example:
Seeds lacking dormancy need:
nick digestscrub fire
freeze-thaw cycles
6 weeks at 4 C 20 C
plantphys.info/plants_human/lecppt/seedgerm.ppt
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Capsella Seed:
Seed Coat
Endosperm
Embryo
Shoot Apex
Cotyledons - dicot
Hypocotyl
Radicle
Root Apex
Micropyleplantphys.info/plants_human/lecppt/seedgerm.ppt
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Lettuce Seed Germination
660 nm
730 nm
dark
Seed Coat
tran
sla
tion
transc
ripti
on
hydro
lysis
starch
sugar
-amylase
RNA
DNA
imbibition
water
radicle apex
shoot apex
growth
dicot
photoreversibility
Pfr Prphotoactivation
Embryo
phytochrome
red and
white light
stimulate
germination
cotyledons
plantphys info/plants human/lecppt/seedgerm ppt
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