8 connective tissue
Post on 21-Dec-2014
1.789 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Connective Tissue
DR. KIRTI SOLANKE
Connective Tissue• Found everywhere
• Most abundant
• Development
• Functions– Protection– Support– Bind other tissues– Energy storage/insulation– Hormone production
COMPONENTS
LIVING NON - LIVING
CELLS MATRIX
FIXED WANDERING
FIBROBLASTS
FAT CELLS
PERSISTANT MESENCHMAL CELLS
MACROPHAGES
MAST CELLS
PLASMA CELLS
PIGMENT CELLS
NEUTROPHILS
EOSINOPHILS
FIBRES GRD SUBS
COLLAGEN
ELASTIN
RETICULAR
MPS
SO4
NON-SO4
GLYCO PR
Fibers
• Collagen/ white fibers
• Elastic/yellow fibers
• Reticular fibers/Argyrophilic – fine collagen fibers
COLLAGEN FIBRES
• In bundles branch,1-12um in dia, White• H &E and Van Gieson:pink;masson’s
T:blue;• Tensile force,birefringence,swell with weak
alkali,boiling convert it into gelatin.• Synthesis:fibroblast,regulation,degradation(
MMP)• Made of tropocollagen mol;made of 3
polypeptide chains(procollagen)
SYNTHESIS
• AA taken up by cells& linked PROα CHAINS αchain 3chains join to form PROCOLLAGEN MOL such mol leave cell through secretory vacuoles to form TROPOCOLLAGEN MOL aggregate to form COLLAGEN FIBRILS.(vit C,oxy)
• Fibrillogenesis
TYPESTYPE LOCATION
I(250nm dia) SKIN,BONE,TENDON,FASCIA,CAPSULE
II(20 to 100nm) HYALINE CARTILAGE ,NOTOCHORD,INTERVERTEBRAL DISC
III RETICULAR FIBRES,FETAL SKIN,BLOOD VESSEL.
IV BASAL LAMINA,KIDNEY GLOMERULI
RETICULAR FIBRES(Argyrophilic)
• Collagen type III,Striation(68ηm),20ηm diameter,do not bundle,uneven in thickness.
• Form network by branching• Silver impregnation:black but type I:brown • H&E:not identified;• More carbohydrates:PAS• Early mechanicalstrenth,delicate,suporting
stroma in lymphatic T.(not thymus)• Synthesis:reticular cells
RETICULAR FIBRES
ELASTIC FIBRES
• Run singly,branches,0.1-0.2μm in dia• Not well stained H&E;Certain fixative make
them refractile then can be visualised• Composed of:central core of elastin &
surrounding network of fibrillin microfibril• Lacks hydroxylysine,random distribution of
glysine:HYDROPHOBIC & random coiling.• Vertebral ligaments,larynx,elastic A
WEIGERT’S STAIN
GROUND SUBSTANCE
• Glycoprotiens:keratan s
• Multiadhesive glycoproteins:laminin,fibronectin
• Proteoglycans:aggrecan,decorin
Pr + long chain polysaccharide –glycosoaminoglycans (MPS)
» Sulphated» Non sulphated
Ground Substance
• GSG linked with pr.
• Carry sulphate gr(so3-)Carboxyl gr(coo-).
• Thus proteoglycans r in long chain,
• Can retain water thus proteoglycans form
• semi-solid, gel:stiffness
• Molecular arrangement: sieve
• Barrier:kidney;gas exchange:lungs
GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS
TISSUE CHONDROITIN SULPHATE
DERMATAN SULPHATE
HEPARAN SULPHATE
HEPARIN
KERATAN S.
HYALURNIC ACID
TYPICAL CT
+ +
CARTILAGE
+ + +
BONE +
SKIN + + + +
BASEMENT M
+
OTHERS B/V LUNGS MAST C CORNEAINTER V DISC
SYNOVIAL FLUID
HYALURONIC ACID
• Hyaluronan:free carbohydrate chain
• Polymers r very large
• Synthesized by enzymes ¬ posttranslatioally modified
• No sulfate,proteoglycan aggregates
• So cartilage resist compression without inhibiting flexibility
CELLS
• FIXED TYPE:Fibroblast,Persistant mesenchymal cells,Adipocytes.
• WANDERING CELLS:Lymphocyte,Monocyte,Mast cell,Macrophages,Neutrphil,Plasma cell,Eosinophils.
FIBROBLAST ADIPOCYTE
MACROPHAGE
MAST CELL
LYMPHOCYTE
PLASMA CELL
CLASSFICATION OF C. T.
• Types of cells
• Types of fibres
• Amount of ground subs
CLASSIFICATION
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
ADULT C. T. FETAL C. T.
ORDINARY SPECIALISED
BLOOD
CARTILAGE
BONE
LOOSE C. T. DENSE C.T.
WHITE YELLOWAREOLAR
ADIPOSE
RETICULAR
REGULAR IRREGULAR
TENDON
LIGAMENT
APONEUROSIS
S/C TISSUE
FETAL C.T:WARTON’JELLY
LOOSE AREOLAR T.
Loose Connective• Areolar Tissue
– Gel like matrix – Fibroblasts, mast cells– Collagen, elastic and reticular fibers– Functions to wrap and cushion organs– Found in the lamina propria, around organs,
capillaries
Dense Connective
• Dense Regular– Parallel collagen fibers
with a few fibroblasts and a few elastin fibers
– Attach muscles to bones
– Great tensile strength in one direction
– Tendons and ligaments
DENCE REGULAR C.T.
TENDON
Dense Connective
• Dense irregular– Collagen fibers with a few elastic fibers
haphazardly arranged– Strong in many directions– Dermis, joint capsules, submucosa of
digestive tract
DENCE IRREGULAR C.T.
ADIPOSE TISSUE
APPLIED
• SCURVY:Vit C DEFICIENCY
• OSEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA:Brittle bone disease,blue sclera hearing loss,TYPE I asso
• EHLERS-DANLOS :hypermobility of joints of digit,TYPE III asso
• MARFAN’S S:FBN1,fibrillin gene
top related