abo blood types & transfusions. who can donate blood?
Post on 30-Dec-2015
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Who can donate blood? (don’t Who can donate blood? (don’t write)write)
►Anyone over age 17 Anyone over age 17 ►Weigh at least 110 lbsWeigh at least 110 lbs►Healthy Healthy
Can’t give bloodCan’t give blood
►If you’ve used IV drugs (heroin)If you’ve used IV drugs (heroin)►Hemophiliacs Hemophiliacs ►If you have HIV or AIDSIf you have HIV or AIDS►If you have hepatitisIf you have hepatitis►Anyone who has/has had cancer Anyone who has/has had cancer
►Body can lose 15-30% of total Body can lose 15-30% of total blood volume (~1-2 liters) and blood volume (~1-2 liters) and person still livesperson still lives
Why do people need Why do people need transfusions? transfusions?
►1. Disease (sickle cell anemia, 1. Disease (sickle cell anemia, Leukemia)Leukemia)
►2. Cancer 2. Cancer ►3. Surgery- open heart= 10 pints3. Surgery- open heart= 10 pints►4. Accidents4. Accidents►5. Organ transplants5. Organ transplants
How much blood is given a How much blood is given a year? (don’t write)year? (don’t write)
►13.9 million units (~pint)13.9 million units (~pint)►8 million people give blood 8 million people give blood
a year for 4.5 million that a year for 4.5 million that need it,need it,
►Few than 5% of eligible Few than 5% of eligible Americans donate blood a Americans donate blood a yearyear
How long will it take to How long will it take to replenish? (don’t write)replenish? (don’t write)
►They take 1 pint of bloodThey take 1 pint of blood►Blood volume/plasma Blood volume/plasma
replenished in 24 hrsreplenished in 24 hrs►RBC’s in 4-8 weeksRBC’s in 4-8 weeks
Blood types (write from Blood types (write from now on)now on)
O 46%O 46%
A 40%A 40%
B 10%B 10%
AB 4%AB 4%
What makes Type A different What makes Type A different from Type B?from Type B?
►Scientist: Karl Scientist: Karl LandstienerLandstienerSaw two different Saw two different antigens on surface of antigens on surface of RBC’s RBC’s
►Antigen: substance that the Antigen: substance that the body recognizes as foreignbody recognizes as foreign
►Immune system releases Immune system releases antibodies in response to itantibodies in response to it
►Self-antigen: antigens that Self-antigen: antigens that are normally found in our are normally found in our bodies (person-specific)bodies (person-specific)Our bodies ignore theseOur bodies ignore these
Karl Labeled one A and one BKarl Labeled one A and one B If RBC had neither, Type OIf RBC had neither, Type O If RBC had both, Type ABIf RBC had both, Type AB
If you get wrong If you get wrong blood type, blood blood type, blood clumps clumps “Agglutination“Agglutination””
►clogs vesselsclogs vessels►Foreign RBCs are Foreign RBCs are
lysed (broken)lysed (broken)►Free hemoglobin Free hemoglobin
molecules block molecules block kidneys (um… kidneys (um… bad)bad)
When transfusions go bad:When transfusions go bad:
►FeverFever►ChillsChills►NauseaNausea►vomitingvomiting
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