acids and bases snc2p. what do lemon juice and vinegar have in common?
Post on 26-Dec-2015
226 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
• These substances can be grouped as either acids or bases. Chemists use acids and bases as a way to classify substances. Acids and bases are common chemical compounds that can be grouped according to their chemical and physical properties.
Acids
• Substances classified as acids have specific properties. The chemical formula contains a Hydrogen Ion (H+) at the start – example HCl (hydrochloric acid). The chemical name includes the word “acid”. Acids are soluble in water. Acids dissociate into hydrogen ions H+ when dissolved in water. They taste sour. They will conduct electricity in solution.
Common Acids
Acetic Acid
(Vinegar)
HC2H3O2(aq)
Citric Acid HC6H7O7(aq)
Ascorbic Acid HC6H7O6(aq)
Carbonic AcidH2CO3(aq)
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)
HC9H7O4(aq) Asprin
Salad Dressings
Lemons, Limes, etc.
Vitamin C (Oranges, etc.)
Carbonated Drinks
Bases
Substances classified as bases have specific properties. The chemical formula usually contains a hydroxide ion (OH-) at the end – example sodium hydroxide, NaOH. The chemical name includes the word “hydroxide”. Ammonia is one exception to this rule. Ammonia, NH3 is a base and does not contain the hydroxide ion.
Bases
• Bases dissociate into hydroxide ions, OH- when dissolved in water. They taste bitter. They will feel slippery to touch. They will conduct electricity in solution. Chemists use the word ALKALINE to describe solutions that are basic.
Common Bases
Sodium hydroxide
NaOH(aq)
Potassium hydroxide
KOH(aq)
Aluminum hydroxide
Al(OH)3(aq)
Ammonium hydroxide
NH4OH (aq)
Sodium bicarbonate
NaHCO3(aq)
Window cleaners
Cleaners, making paper
Soap, cosmetics
Used to make baked goods rise.
Heartburn medications
top related